化工物料平衡

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物料平衡1.1物料衡算简化流程图及说明6、环己酮精馏塔;7、环己醇精馏塔;8、环己醇脱氢反应系统1.2物料衡算过程物料组成及相关参数:F0—含环己酮,环己醇,环己烷,轻质油,X油,其中酮醇比例为1:2(摩尔),X油与轻质油质量比为1.867D—含环己酮,环己醇,环己烷,轻质油。D=5万吨/年,环己酮质量分数99.5%,环己醇质量分数为0.2%。B—含环己醇,环己酮,X油。M—含环己酮,环己醇,X油。设定M=0.999B,M中环己醇质量分数为95%,环己酮质量分数为4.2%。N—含X油,环己醇。设定N=0.001B,X中环己醇质量分数为5%。R—含环己酮,环己醇。X油。H—氢气。1.2环己酮精馏系统衡算过程M中的环己醇在脱氢反应系统中发生脱氢反应生成环己酮,反应方程式如下:D=5万吨/年=6313.131kg/h整个环己酮精馏系统做衡算可知F0=D+N+H衡算时不考虑本反应的副反应所以平衡转化率为94.5%其中脱氢反应所放出的氢气的质量流量:0.018B=100.162.01×94.5%×95%×0.999B=H脱氢反应生成环己酮的质量流量为:0.8789B=100.1698.15×94.5%×95%×0.999BR中环己醇的质量流量为:0.05219B=5.5%×95%×0.999BR中环己酮的质量流量为:0.92B=4.2%×0.999B+0.879R中X油的质量流量为:0.00799B=0.8%×0.99B故0.0189B+6313.131=0.018B+0.001B+6313.131=H+N+D=F0①对环己醇做物料衡算可得0.90B12.63=0.052B5%×0.001B+95%×0.999B+0.2%D=1.2X×F0--②对环己酮做物料衡算可得0.878B-6281.570.92B-4.2%×0.999B+99.5%×D=XF0③将①②③联立可得h6386.07kg/=F03859.1kg/h=B45.31%=X从而得到h3855.24kg/=0.999B=M3.86kg/h=0.001B=N所以F0中的环己酮的质量分数为:45.31%F0中的环己醇的质量分数为:54.37%=1.2×45.31%环己烷与轻质油的质量分数为:0.198%=6386.070.2%×6313.131X油质量分数为:0.122%=0.198%-54.37%-45.31%-1轻质油的质量分数为:0.0653%=670.122%/1.8环己烷的质量分数为:0.1327%=0.0653%-0.198%可以得到环己酮精馏系统中F0的组分及流量,如表1表1物流F0组分和流量环己醇环己酮环己烷X油轻质油总流量摩尔流量(Kmol/h)34.6729.480.10.0360.0564.336质量流量(Kg/h)3472.232893.938.476.374.176386.071.3物料衡算结果1.3.1环己酮精馏塔环己酮精馏塔的塔顶产品即环己酮,产量为6313.131kg/h即5万吨/年,环己酮精馏塔的物料平衡见表2表2环己酮精馏塔物料平衡组分质量流量(kg/h)质量分数(%)摩尔流量(Kmol/h)摩尔组成(%)进料环己酮6444.30263.4365.6663.93环己醇3673.6436.1636.6835.72环己烷8.470.0830.100.09737X油37.210.370.210.204轻质油4.170.0420.050.0487共计10159.322100102.7100塔顶出料环己酮6280.618599.563.9999.58环己烷8.470.0830.100.156环己醇12.020.190.120.187轻质油4.170.0410.050.0778共计6313.13110064.26100塔釜出料环己醇3661.35694.8036.5695.10环己酮163.914.2431.674.34X油37.210.960.210.55共计3862.9710038.441001.3.2环己醇精馏塔环己酮精馏塔的塔釜出料作为环己醇精馏塔的进料,环己醇精馏塔的物料平衡见表3表3环己醇精馏塔物料平衡组分质量流量(kg/h)质量分数(%)摩尔流量(Kmol/h)摩尔组成(%)进料环己醇3661.35694.8036.5695.10环己酮163.914.2431.674.34X油37.210.960.210.55共计3862.9710038.44100塔顶出料环己醇3661.16894.8936.5595.160环己酮163.914.251.674.350X油33.2540.8620.1880.489共计3858.33210038.418100塔釜出料X油3.89295.390.02210.476环己醇0.1884.610.0018889.530共计4.081000.211001.3.3环己醇脱氢反应系统环己醇精馏塔的塔顶出料作为环己醇脱氢反应器的进料。脱氢反应器物料平衡见表4表4脱氢反应器物料平衡组分质量流量(kg/h)质量分数(%)摩尔流量(Kmol/h)摩尔组成(%)进料环己醇3661.16894.8936.5595.160环己酮163.914.251.674.350X油33.2540.8620.1880.489共计3858.33210038.418100出料环己醇201.425.222.0112.630环己酮3550.3792.1036.17347.361X油30.840.800.1740.228氢气72.381.8836.00947.150共计3855.0010074.367100

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