同济考博英语

1完形填空20小题，共10分。本部分测试考生的语言知识及综合运用能力。测试内容包括词汇的认知能力、搭配知识的掌握，句法结构的理解和篇章阅读、分析能力。本部分给出一篇约200单词的短文，文中留出10处空白，每空为一题，设4个备选答案。要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从中挑选一个最佳选项，使短文的内容和结构完整合理。2.在一篇200多词的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡上作答。命题特点文章不长,阅读量不大(200)题目不难,词汇不难;题材以社会科学为主;命题规律性极强,反感觉性;形式:第一句是“topicsentence”“choosethebestone”astheanswer思考命题思路,题目与原文背景的关系从整体问题入手解决具体问题通过已知信息猜测未知信息完型测试点:1.阅读理解能力(精读)对文章整体的把握和理解;把握核心内容;把握主题和导向;把握上下句之间的逻辑关系;对一个句子内部的结构和意义的把握和理解2.完型文章的结构特点:结构完整,内容充实(明确的主题,完整的形式);体裁以议论文说明文为主,偶尔夹叙夹议总分对照的结构:总述高度概括,分述全面展开3.考察英语知识运用的能力语法:20%~30%固定搭配:10%词汇辨析和使用:60%~70%解题步骤:一.整体通读,从整体上把握文章,抓住中心线索重点读首句和首段；重点读每一段的首句；读尾段、尾句扫读中间的部分二.按段精读;按段理解;按段分析;按段做题2三.整体通读,检查所选答案是否准确\合理上下文间主要的逻辑关系并列关系:and,andalso,or,neither…nor…;either…or…;similarly,likewise,inthesameway,thatistosay,ratherthan,递进关系:then,besides,otherthan,inaddition,moreover,furthermore,whatismore因果关系:because,for,since,as,therefore,hence,thus,so,consequently转折关系:but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,bycontrast,unfortunately让步关系:although,though,eventhough,evenif,inspiteof,despite,nevertheless解题思路测试重点分析词汇知识(1)近义词(2)形近词(3)固定搭配(4)动词短语句法结构从句引导词的选择特殊虚拟语气形式非谓语动词的辨异固定搭配中的选词与比较有关的结构从句的引导词问题非谓语动词的辨异代词指称语篇能力上下文的语气；段落内的逻辑关系篇章的连接：顺向连接——逆向连接句子内部的连接：平行/因果/对比/转折答题程序图示常识+一般性英语知识——全面理解语篇主题作为猜测的依据常识+主题+相关的语言知识——推断文章中被删除的信息常识+主题+综合语言知识——判断还原后的文章是否完整合理常识+一般性英语知识——全面理解语篇主题作为猜测的依据Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.3Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.常识+主题+相关的语言知识——推断文章中被删除的信息teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe25___thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheiraccomplishmentsare26___byothers.(2003)25.A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.tolerance26.A.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassedOther(37)____causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased(38)____ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing(39)____ofchildabuseandchildneglect.(2004)37.[A]assessable[B]identifiable[C]negligible[D]incredible38.[A]expense[B]restriction[C]allocation[D]availability39.[A]incidence[B]awareness[C]exposure[D]popularity完型填空总结１、动词的切入点切入点：找到相关的信息点，通过分析这些已知信息点，猜出未知的信息点，如何找到相关的信息点即为切入点。（１）在语法上、意义上、逻辑上看主谓搭配的合适性，即看主语Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,(26)____thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.(2004)26.[A]considering[B]ignoring[C]highlighting[D]discardingChangesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly(29)____juvenilecrimerates.(2004)29.[A]affect[B]reduce[C]chock[D]reflect（２）看宾语，看动宾搭配的合适性AtthesametimeitisagreedthatallAmerican,whatevertheirorigins,mustlearnto_____themselvestotheAmericanwayoflife.A.adaptB.modifyC.reformD.convertWeare_____ourartistswithourrefusaltoentertainourselvesinourincompetentways.A.slaughteringB.stumblingC.squeezingD.wrecking（３）根据动词后所跟的介词来判断Forexample,changesintheeconomythat(30)____tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment(31)____makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.30.[A]point[B]lead[C]come[D]amount31.[A]ingeneral[B]onaverage[C]bycontrast[D]atlengthThisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.Onthecontrary,theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby_____forrolesthatarewithintheircapabilityandtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.A.makingB.standingC.planningD.taking2．连接（1）.连接词的考查4Theoriescenteringontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior(22)____theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthroughinteractionswithothers.A.beforeB.unlessC.untilD.becauseTheoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietythatchildrencommitcrimesinresponsetotheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus(25)____asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.A.orB.butratherC.butD.orelseMorefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;(34)____,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome(35)____wascommoninthetraditionalfamilypattern.34.A.contrarilyB.consequentlyC.similarlyD.simultaneously35.A.thanB.thatC.whichD.asAlltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,(40)____adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.40.A.providedB.sinceC.althoughD.supposing二.因连接产生的逻辑关系的考查1.Itprovidesfewerjobsthanlabor-intensiveindustryprocesses,andhighly1）_____workersareneededto2）_____andrepairtheequipment.1.A.giftedB.skilledC.trainedD.versatile2.A.keepB.maintainC.retainD.protect2.Whentheworkiswelldone,aclimateofaccident-freeoperationsisestablished,_____timelostduetoinjuriesiskeptataminimum.A.whereB.howC.whatD.unless3.Somepressgreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding,othersstresssafeworkpracticesby_____rulesorregulations,_____othersdependonanemotionalappealtotheworkers.A.constitutingB.aggravatingC.observingD.justifyingA.SomeB.ManyC.EvenD.Still4.Weusedtounderstandinnovationassomethingt