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名师索玉柱考研英语预测试卷及答案精解SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Humansareuniqueintheextenttowhichtheycanreflectonthemselvesandothers.Humansareableto1,tothinkinabstractterms,toreflectonthefuture.Ameaningless,2worldisaninsecureworld.Wedonotlikeextensiveinsecurity.Whenit3tohumanbehaviorweinfermeaningand4tomaketobehaviorunderstandable.5allthismeansisthatpeopledevelop“quasitheories”ofhumanbehavior,thatis,theoriesthatarenotdevelopedin6,scientificmanner.Whendoingso,peoplebelievetheyknow7humansdothethingstheydo.Let餾consideranexample.IntheUnitedStatespeoplehavebeen8withtheincreasingamountofcrimeforseveralyears.Theextentofcrimebothersus;weourselvescouldbevictims.Butit9bothersusthatpeoplebehaveinsuchways.Whycansuchthingshappen?Wedevelopquasitheories.We10concernedaboutthehighcrimerate,butwenowbelievewe11it:outcriminaljusticesystemis12;peoplehavegrownselfishandinconsiderateasourmoralvaluesweaken13theinfluenceofliberalideas;toomanypeopleare14drugs.Theseexplanationssuggestpossiblesolutions.15thecourts;putmorepeopleinjailasexamplestootherlawbreaker.Thereisnowhopethattheproblemofcrimecanbesolvedifonlywe16thesesolutions.again,theworldisnolongermeaninglessnor17sothreatening.Thesequasitheories18serveaveryimportantfunctionforus.Buthowaccuratearethey?How19willthesuggestedsolutionsbe?Thesequestionsmustbeansweredwith20tohowpeoplenormallygoaboutdevelopingorattainingtheirquasitheoriesofhumanbehavior.［301words］1］reason［B］consider［C］understand［D］meditate2］unanimous［B］unimaginable［C］unpredictable［D］unfortunate3］goes［B］comes［C］makes［D］concerns4］explanations［B］conclusions［C］motives［D］consequences5］That［B］Even［C］As［D］What6］anobjective［B］asubjective［C］atheoretic［D］aconclusive7］how［B］why［C］whether［D］when8］worried［B］disturbed［C］perturbed［D］concerned9］also［B］even［C］yet［D］still10］retain［B］remain［C］maintain［D］refrain11］know［B］comprehend［C］understand［D］grasp12］precautious［B］inadequate［C］deficient［D］destructive13］by［B］as［C］from［D］for14］for［B］on［C］against［D］with15］Consolidate［B］Stiffen［C］Confirm［D］Strengthen16］acton［B］workout［C］seeto［D］setup17］rather［B］very［C］much［D］quite18］moreover［B］therefore［C］nevertheless［D］otherwise19］sufficient［B］efficient［C］effective［D］capable20］respect［B］relation［C］result［D］associationSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Researchershavestudiedthepoorasindividuals,asfamiliesandhouseholds,asmembersofpoorcommunities,neighborhoodsandregions,asproductsoflargerpoverty瞔reatingstructures.Theyhavebeenanalyzedasvictimsofcrimeandcriminals,asmembersofminoritycultures,aspassiveconsumersofmasscultureandactiveproducersofa“counterculture”,asparticipantsintheinformaleconomy,asinventorsofsurvivalstrategies,asaneconomicburdenandasareservearmyoflabor—tomentionjustsomeofthepreoccupationsofpovertyresearch.Theelites,whooccupythesmallupperstratumwithinthecategoryofthenon瞤oor,andtheirfunctionsintheemergenceandreproductionofpovertyareasinterestingandimportantanobjectforpovertyresearchasarethepoorthemselves.Theeliteshaveimagesofthepoorandofpovertywhichshapetheirdecisionsandactions.Sofar,littleisknownaboutthoseimages,exceptastheyaresketchilyportrayedinpopularstereotypes.Theelitesmaywellignoreordenytheexternaleffectsoftheirownactions(andomissions)uponthelivingconditionsofthepoor,Manysocialscientistsmaytakeaverydifferentview.Aspovertyemergedandwasreproduced,legalframeworkswerecreatedtocontaintheproblemsitcausedwithprofound,andlargelyunknown,consequencesforthepoorthemselves.Ingeneral,political,educationalandsocialinstitutionstendtoignoreorevendamagetheinterestsofthepoor.Inconstructingaphysicalinfrastructurefortransport,industry,tradeandtourism,thesettlementsofthepoorareoftenthefirsttosufferortobeleftstandingandexposedtopollution,noiseandcrowding.Mostimportantaretheeconomicfunctionsofpoverty,asforlackofotheroptionsthepoorareforcedtoperformactivitiesconsidereddegradingorunclean.Thepooraremorelikelytobuysecond瞙andgoodsandleftoversfoodstuffs,thusprolongingtheireconomicutility.Theyarelikelytousetheservicesoflow瞦ualitydoctors,teachersandlawyerswhomthenon瞤oorshyawayfrom.［1］Povertyandthepoorserveanimportantsymbolicfunction,inremindingcitizensofthelotthatmaybefallthosewhodonotheedthevaluesofthrift,diligenceandcleanliness,andoftheconstantthreatthattherough,theimmoralandtheviolentrepresentfortherestofsociety.Physically,thepoorandthenon瞤oorareoftenkeptapart,throughdifferentiallanduseandghettoization.Socially,theyareseparatedthroughdifferentialparticipationinthelabormarket,theconsumptioneconomy,andinpolitical,socialandculturalinstitutions.Conceptually,theyaredividedthroughstereotypingandmedia.Thisseparationisevenmorepronouncedbetweentheelitesandthepoor.［441Words］21盇ccordingtotheauthor,studyingtheelitesalsoshedslightonpovertyresearchbecause［A］theyarealsomembersofthesamesocietyasthepoor.［B］theyplayanimportantroleincreatingandreproducingpoverty.［C］solutionoft