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UNIT2SectionOneTacticsforlisteningPart1SportDictationMyMotherMymotherwasanefficient(1)taskmasterwhocooked,cleanedandshoppedforninepeople(2)onadailybasis.Shewasadisciplinarian*whowould(3)makeussevenkidswalkupanddownthestairsahundredtimesifweclumpedlike(4)fieldhandsto-dinner.Shealsoenlistedustohelpherintheday's(5)chores.Mymotherbelievedthateachofherchildrenhadaspecial(6)knackthatmadehimorherinvaluableoncertain(7)missions.MybrotherMike,forexample,wasbelievedtohaveespecially(8)keeneyesight.Hewashoistedupasahuman(9)telescopewheneversheneededtoseesomething(10)faraway.Johnwastheclimberwhenakite(11)gotcaught.Myownjobwasnavigatorforour(12)giganticoldChrysler.Butmymother's(13)abilitytogetworkdonewellwasonly(14)oneside.Shealsohadan(15)imaginationthatcarriedherindifferentdirections,that(16)allowedhertotranscendhereverydaylife.Shedidnot(17)believeinmagicasportrayedonastage,but(18)valuedinsteadthesoundofametalbucketbeing(19)filledbyahose,orthepersistenceofadandelionatthe(20)edgeofawoodpile.Part2ListeningforGistForhundredsofyearsmanhasbeenfascinatedbytheideaofflying.OneofthefirstmentoproducedesignsforaircraftwasLeonardodaVinci,anItalianartistwholivedinthefifteenthcentury.However,itwasnotuntiltheeighteenthcenturythatpeoplebegantofly,orperhapsitwouldbebettertosayfloat,acrossthecountrysideinballoons.Thefirsthot-airballoonwasmadeinApril1783bytheMontgolfierbrothersinFrance.Inthefollowingyearsmanyflightsweremadebyballoon.Someoftheflightswereforpleasureandotherswerefordeliveringmailandformilitarypurposes,suchasobservationandevenbombing.However,inthelatenineteenthcentury,airshipssupersededballoonsasaformoftransport.Airshipscameafterballoons.ThefirstpoweredandmannedflightwasmadebyaFrenchman,Giffard,inSeptember1852.Hisairship,poweredbysteam,traveledtwenty-sevenkilometersfromParistoTrappesataspeedofeightkilometersperhour.Howeverthedaysoftheairshipwerenumberedastheaeroplanebecameincreasinglysafeandpopular.ExerciseDirections:Listentothepassageandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoudecide.1.Thispassageisabouttheearlyhistoryofflying.2.Thekeywordsaredesigns,anItalianartist,fifteenthcentury,eighteenthcentury,fly,float,balloons,hot-airballoon,April1783,airships,September1852,aeroplane.SectionTwoListeningComprehensionPart1DialogueBuyingaCarA:Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?B:Yes,I'minterestedinbuyingacar.A:Haveyouanythinginmind?B:Notreally.A:Whatpriceareyouthinkingof?B:Notmorethan£13,500.A:Let'sseenow...OvertherebetweentheLanciaandtheVolvoisaMini.Itcosts£12,830andischeaptorun:Itdoes38milespergallon.Orthere'stheCitroen,behindtheMini.Itcosts£12,070andisevencheapertorunthantheMini:Itdoes45milespergallon.It'snotveryfastthough.Itonlydoes69milesperhour.B:No,IthinktheMiniandtheCitroenaretoosmall.I'vegotthreechildren.Isn'tthereanythingbiggeratthatprice?A:Well,there'stheToyotaoverthere,totheleftofthePeugeot.It'sverycomfortableandcosts£13,040.It'scheaptoruntoo,anditalsohasabuilt-inradio.Orthere'stheRenaultatthebackoftheshowroom,behindthePeugeot.Itcostsalittlemore,£13,240,butitischeapertorun.Itdoes40milespergallonandtheToyotaonlydoes36milespergallon.B:WhataboutthatVolkswagenoverthere,infrontoftheToyota?A:Thatcostsalittlemorethan£13,500butit'saveryreliablecar.It'smoreexpensivetorunthantheothers:Itdoes34milespergallon,butit'sfaster.Itstopspeedis90milesperhour.TheToyota'sis80milesperhourandtheRenault'sis82milesperhour.B:Howmuchdoesitcost?A:£13,630andthatincludesa5-yearguarantee.B:AndtheFiatnexttotheVolkswagen?A:Againthat'smorethan£13,500,butit'scheaperthantheVolkswagen.Itcosts£13,550.B:Hmmwell,I'llhavetothinkaboutitandstudythesepamphlets.HowmuchisthatPeugeotincidentally,behindtheLancia?A:Oh,that'sexpensive.Itcosts£15,190.B:Yes,thatisabittoomuch.Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp.Goodbye.R£13.24040m/g82m/hT£13,04036m/g80m/hP£15,190C£12,07045m/g69m/hF£13,550VW£13,63034m/g90m/hL£16,240M£12,83038m/gV£15,850Part2PassageTheWrights’Story1.OnthemorningofDecember17,1903,between10:30a.m.andnoon,fourflightsweremade,twobyOrvilleWrightandtwobyWilburWright.2.Underthedirectionoftheoperatoritclimbedupwardonaninclinedcoursetillaheightof8or10feetfromthegroundwasreached.3.IntotheteethofaDecembergaletheFlyermadeitswayforwardwithaspeedof10milesanhouroverthegroundand30to35milesanhourthroughtheair.4.Theheightchosenwassufficientformaneuveringinsogustyawindandwithnopreviousacquaintancewiththeconductofthemachineanditscontrollingmechanisms.5.Inattemptingtobringthemachinedowntothedesiredheight,theoperatorturnedtheruddertoofar,andthemachineturneddownwardmorequicklythanhadbeenexpected.OnthemorningofDecember17,1903,between10:30a.m.andnoon,fourflightsweremade,twobyOrvilleWrightandtwobyWilburWright.Thestartswereallmadefromapointonthelevelsandabout200feetwestofourcamp,whichislocatedaquarterofamilenorthoftheKillDevilsandhill,inDareCounty,NorthCarolina.Thewindatthetimeoftheflightshadavelocity*of27milesanhourat10a.m.,and24milesanhouratnoon,asrecordedbytheanemometer*attheKittyHawkWeatherBureauStation.Theflightsweredirectlyagainstthewind.Eachtimethemachinestartedfromthelevelgroundbyitsownpoweralonewith