动词不定式学案定稿

始于1989★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌教之以简用之为丰0711—37060881/9个性化学科优化学案学员姓名科目英语年级教师何老师课题高考--动词不定式教学组长签字授课时间月日备课时间月日签字确认老师：学生：作业布置学员课堂表现学习目标一．正确掌握并运用不定式的时态语态二．掌握不定式的几种特殊形式重、难、考点准确把握不定式的时态语态教学过程完成句子：71．I'mafraidIcan'tattendyourbirthdaypartyat5P．M．nextMonday．I（已乘飞机）toLondonlongbeforethen．（fly）72．Thetechnologyisreported（应用到）architectureinothercountriesforalongtime,butitwasnotintroducedintoChinauntiltwoyearsago．（apply）73．Heescaped（丧生）intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork．（kill）74．So（天气好）thatallofuswanttogoonanouting.（day）75．Itwasonlywhentheaccidenttookplace（他才意识到）theimportanceofcarefuldriving．（realize）76．Jennyhasbeencriticizedbytheteacherforusingthecellphoneinclass.Iwouldratheryou(没借)ittoher.(lend)77．Onemorestepbackward,____（你会掉进）thepool．（fall）78．English,aswellasallothersubjects,___（很重要）．Sowemustlearnitwelltobemorecompetent．（importance）79．IamproudofwhatIdid．ButIwasjusthelpingtodo（他本该做的）．（do）80．Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse.（两个都不想）tobuyit.(want)71．will/shallhaveflown鹰击长空—基础不丢始于1989★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌教之以简用之为丰0711—37060882/972．tohavebeenappliedto73．beingkilled74．fine/good/niceadayisit75．thatherealized76．hadn’tlent77．andyouwillfallinto78．isofgreat/vitalimportance79．whatheshould/oughttohavedone80．neitherofwhomwanted/andneitherofthemwanted/neitherofthemwanting非谓语动词Iwanttoswimtoday.(不定式)It’snogoodwaitinghere(动名词)Thesleepingboyismyson.(现在分词)Theglassisbroken（过去分词）I在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）动词不定式(todo)不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化.不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式TodoTobedone动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式Tobedoing与谓语动作同时发生完成式TohavedoneTohavebeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前完成进行式Tohavebeendoing动作发生在谓语动作之前Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。主语Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.宾语Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.表语Wefoundahousetolivein.定语ShecameheretostudyEnglish.状语Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.宾补不定式或不定式短语可起名词，形容词和副词的作用，在句中做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语和可以攻玉—经典例题始于1989★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌教之以简用之为丰0711—37060883/9宾语补足语。一，不定式在句中的作用：1、主语：不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。eg:Tomakeanewdresstakesheralotoftime.Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault.注：常句型1：It+谓语+todoeg:Ittakesusanhourtogettherebybus.句型2：It’s+n.+todoeg:It’sourdutytohelpthepoor.句型3：Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.E.g.Itisimportantforhimtogetupearly.Itisveryhonestofhertohelptheoldpeople.注：for/ofsbtodosth为不定式复合结构。1)of引起的复合结构只能做主语。eg:It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.用it做形式主语，将todo放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。2)for引起的复合结构在句中可做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语等。eg:Anothermethodisforthemtoleaveatonce.(表语)We’dbetterfindsomeworkforthechildrentodo.(定语)Heputthepaperondeskforyoutoread.(状语)Whathetoldhermadeitimpossibleforhimtogoonherwork.(宾语)It’scommonforleavestofallformthetreesinautumn.(主语)2、做表语：主语+系动词+不定式1).其主语多为抽象名词(wish,need)eg:Mywishistobeascientist.Themainthingistokeepourroomclean.2).不定式tolet,toblame,toseek做表语,主动表被动.eg:Thehouseistolet.3).betodo可构成将来时态,表“准备/打算/计划/需要”;be是助动词，无词义,其主语为具体名词(人/事物);eg:Sheistoreturnnextweek.Itwasabouttoleavewhenitstartedtorain.3.做定语:不定式做定语总是放在它所修饰的名词之后,不定式表示的行为通常是未来的行为,它们常和被修饰的词有动宾关系,主谓关系和修饰性关系.1).动宾关系:Ihavealotofworktodo.Givemeapieceofpapertowriteon.2).主谓关系:Sheisthebestpersontofinishthework.Womenandchildrenwerethefirsttogetintothelifeboat.3).修饰性关系(同位),它所修饰的词多为抽象名词.need,time,way,right,chance,courage,reason,wish,movement.eg:Thereisnoneedforhimtocome.Hehasnotimetoreadthebook.4.做状语:1).目的状语:可放于句首,也可放于句末,前面可加inorder/soas/so…asto表强调.始于1989★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌教之以简用之为丰0711—37060884/9eg:Hewenttoseetheartisthimself.Hestoppedtohavealook.Heransofastastogettoschoolintime.2).结果状语:主要用在enoughto/too…to…/onlyto结构中。eg:Thequestionistoodifficulttoanswer.Theyworkedhardenoughtofinishtheirwork.Ihurriedtothesupermarket,onlytofinditwasclosed.3).原因状语:主语+系动词+adj.+todoa).表感情的adj.有:happy,surprised,pleased,glad,sorry,anxious(忧虑),disappointed,careful,afraid,wrong.eg:I’mverysorrytoseeyou.Hewasafraidtoleavehimhome.b).说明句中主语在哪个方面存在形容词所表示的情况时,即与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，主动表被动.interesting,difficult,easy,important,possible,expensive,dangerous,useful.eg:Thequestioniseasytoanswer.Heisdifficulttoteach.5.做宾语:不定式做宾语的情况，一般表示将来的行为,这时谓语和不定式的动作都是主语发出的.1).下列动词只能按不定式做宾语.plan,choose,manage,learn,pretend,agree,decide,refuse.promise,prepare,offer,fail,hope,wish,expect,ask;demand,want,hesitate2).不定式做动词tell,teach,know,show,findout,discover,see(understand)的宾语时,不定式前常加连接代词who,which,what和连接副词how,when,where构成不定式短语做宾语.eg:Idon'tknowhowtogetthere.注:why不能与不定式连用.3).begin,start,continue后接不定式,动名词意思一样.4).like,love,hate,prefer动名词表经常性的动作，不定式表一次性动作.5).remember,forget,regret后动名词表已经做过的动作,不定式表没有做过或将要做的动作.6).stop,try,goon,mean,propose后两者都可,但意义不同.proposetodo计划,打算做proposedoing建议做7).a).preferdoingtodoingprefertodoratherthandob).beusedtodoingusedtodoc).it’snousedoingit’suselesstodod).beworthdoingbeworthyofbeingdonebeworthytobedone6.做宾补(与宾语之间的关系实际上是逻辑上的主谓关系)1).有些动词(短语)必须接to的不定式做宾补ask,warn,want,allow,permit,order,advise,force,beg,cause,encourage,invite,persuade,get,require,prefer,call,leave,expect,use(allow/permit/advisedoingsth)2).与表示说话或心理状态的动词say,report,believe,suppose,think,understand,consider等的被动语态连用.eg:Heissaidtohavewrittenanewbookaboutworkers.始于1989★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌教之以简用之为丰0711—37060885/93).与表示希望，期望，意愿的动词expect,hope,mean,intend,pl