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I.OldEnglishLiterature&theLateMedievalAgesBeowulf贝奥武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsGeoffreyChaucer杰弗里•乔叟1340(?)~1400ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.①TheCanterburyTales坎特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse‘heroiccouplet’(双韵体)bymiddleEnglish②TroilusandCriseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德③TheHouseofFame声誉之宫IITheRenaissancePeriodAperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissance:theactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.ThreehistoricaleventsoftheRenaissance–rebirthorrevival:1.newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology2.thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansion3.rediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeareBenJohnson.WilliamShakespeare威廉•莎士比亚1564~1616①Historicalplays:HenryVI亨利六世;HenryIV:RichardIII查理三世;HenryV；RichardII；HenryVIII②FourComedies:AsYouLikeIt皆大欢喜;TwelfthNight第十二夜;AMidsummerNight’SDream仲夏夜之梦;MerchantOfVenice威尼斯商人③FourTragedies:Hamlet哈姆莱特;Othello奥赛罗;KingLear李尔王;Macbeth麦克白④ShakespeareSonnet:154TheSonnetsThreequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.⑤thecomedyoferrors错中错，TitusAndronicus泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯，TheTamingoftheshrew驯悍记Love'slabour'slost（爱的徒劳）RomeoandJuliet罗密欧与朱丽叶Muchadoaboutnothing（无事生非）ThemerrywivesofWindsor.温莎的风流娘们KingJohn约翰王All'swellthatendswell终成眷属Measureformeasure（一报还一报）Bacon:OfStudies;OfBeauty;OfMarriageandSingleLifeEnglishBourgeoisRevolution，TheAdvancementofLearning学术的推进III：theperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolution.Milton：1608~1674ParadiseLost;SamsonAgonistes(力士参孙);OnthemorningofChrist’sNativity，复乐园OnHisBlindness我的失明Areopagitica论出版自由TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople为英国人民声辩Bunyan:1628~1688①ReligionaryAllegory:ThePilgrim’sProgress天路历程GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinner;theHolyWarJohnDon:theMetaphysicalpoet(玄学派诗人).MetaphysicalPoetry(玄学诗)：（用语）thedictionissimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,(形式)theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet’sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主题：love,religious,thought）TheFlea;跳蚤ForbbidingMourning，SongsAndSonnets歌与十四行诗，emergentoccasions突变引起的诚念HelysonnetsIVThe18thCentury：EnlightenmentArevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks,order,logic,restrainedemotion(抑制情感)andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason(rationality),equality&science(the18thcentury)小说崛起：Inthemid-century,thenewlyliteraryform,modernEnglishnovelrised(realisticnovel现实主义小说)Gothicnovel(哥特式小说)：mystery,horror,castles(frommiddleparttotheendofcentury)JonathanSwift乔纳森•斯威夫特1667~1745（十八世纪杰出的政论家和讽刺小说家amastersatirist。）①Gulliver’sTravels格列佛游记(fictionalwork)Fourparts:Lilliput小人国Brobdingnag大人国FlyingIsland飞岛Houyhnhnm马岛AModestProposal一个小小的建议②TheBattleofBooks书战③ATaleofaTub木桶的故事④TheDrapper’sLetters一个麻布商的书信⑤BickerstaffAlmanac比克斯塔福历书DanielDefoe丹尼尔•笛福1660~1731（小说家，新闻记者，小册子作者；十八世纪英国现实主义小说的奠基人。）Heisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageissmooth,easy,colloquialandmostlyvernacular,andheisthefounderofrealisticnovel.①RobinsonCrusoe鲁宾逊漂流记ItpraisethefortitudeofthehumanlaborandthePuritan.Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.Itisanadventurestory,Robinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24-yearsthereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.②MollFlanders③ColonelJacque④Captainsingleton辛格顿船长HenryFielding亨利•菲尔丁1707~1754ThefunderoftheEnglishrealisticworldHeiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel”.Hewasthefirsttowritea“Comicepicinprose”(散文体史诗),andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle.①novels:TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling弃婴汤姆•琼斯TheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews约瑟夫•安德鲁TheLifeofMrJonathanWild,theGreat大诗人江奈生•威尔德Amelia爱米利亚②plays:TheHistoricalRegisterfor1736一七三六年历史记事DonQuixoteinEngland堂吉柯德在英国WilliamBlake威廉•布莱克1757~1827①SongsofInnocence天真之歌Ahappyandinnocentworldfromchildren’seye.②SongsofExperience经验之歌Awordofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefrommeneyes.Include:TheChimneySweeper扫烟囱的小孩LondonTheTygerLambisasymbolofpeaceandpurityTygerisasymbolofdreadandoiolence③TheMarriageofHeavenandHell天堂与地狱的婚姻RobertBurns罗伯特•彭斯1759~1796ThegreatestScottishpoetinthelate18thcentury.PoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗①JohnAnderson,MyJo约翰•安德生，我的爱人，ChieflyintheScottishDialect，苏格兰抒情歌谣集②ARed,RedRose一朵红红的玫瑰③友谊地久天长④AMan’saManforA’That不管那一套⑤我的心在那高原上⑥BruceAtBannockburn⑦TheTreeOfLiberty自由树FarewelltoScotland再见苏格兰VTheRomanticPeriodTheromanticperiodbeganin1798thepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge’sLyricalBallads,andendin1832withSirWalterScott’sdeath.Romanticism:Itemphasizethespecialqualitieofeachindividual’smind.(人应该是独立自由的个体)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefro