冠词讲解与练习(含答案)

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1冠词的用法讲解及练习题冠词的用法冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词,另一种是不定冠词,还有一种是零冠词不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源,是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做[en]。不定冠词的用法:1)表示“一个”,意为one;指某人或某物,意为acertain。AMr.Lingiswaitingforyou.2)代表一类人或物。Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.Mr.Smithisanengineer.3)词组或成语。alittle/afew/alot/atypeof/apile/agreatmany/manya/asarule/inahurry/inaminute/inaword/inashortwhile/afterawhile/haveacold/haveatry/keepaneyeon/allofasudden定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Takethemedicine.把药吃了。2)上文提到过的人或事:Heboughtahouse.I’vebeentothehouse.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。3)指世上独一物二的事物:thesun,thesky,themoon,theearth4)单数名词连用表示一类事物:如:thedollar美元;thefox狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:therich富人;theliving生者。5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very,same等前面:Wheredoyoulive?Iliveonthesecondfloor.你住在哪?我住在二层。That’stheverythingI’vebeenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西。6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.指全体教师)Theyareteachersofthisschool.(指部分教师)7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:Shecaughtmebythearm……她抓住了我的手臂。8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUnitedStates美国9)用在表示乐器的名词之前:Sheplaysthepiano.她会弹钢琴。10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:theGreens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)11)用在惯用语中:intheday,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water,field,country)inthedark,intherain,inthedistance,inthemiddle(of),intheend,2onthewhole,bytheway,gotothetheatre零冠词的用法1)国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary;2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词;Theyareteachers.他们是教师。3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;Mancannotlivewithoutwater.人离开水就无法生存。5)在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词(ProfessorLiu);TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词;如:havebreakfast,playchess8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词;Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。9)当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;bybus,bytrain;10)有些个体名词不用冠词;如:school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义;gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)11)不用冠词的序数词;a.序数词前有物主代词b.序数词作副词:Hecamefirstintherace.c.在固定词组中:at(the)first,firstofall,fromfirsttolast冠词填空:在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划×。2.Thisis_______usefulbook.I'vereaditfor_______hour.3._______elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse.4____doctortoldhimtotake_____medicinethreetimes____day.5.Let'sgooutfor_______walk.6.It'stoohot.Open_______door,please.7.Thereis_______womanoverthere._______womanisMeimei'smother.8._______sunrisesin_______east.9______ChangjiangRiveris____longestriverin_____China.11.Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA.14__oldmanis__teacher.Helikesplaying__basketballafter__supper.15.AfterIhad_______quickbreakfast,Ihurriedtoschool.17.Theywentto_______People'sPark,butwebothwentto_______People'sCinemayesterday.20.Tomorrowis_______ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose_______Christmastreetoday.II.选择填空。1.—DoesJimhave_______ruler?—Yes,hehas_______.A.an;someB.a;oneC.a;/D.any;one2.Thereis_______oldbike._______oldbikeisMrZhao's.3A.an;TheB.the;AnC.a;TheD.the;The3._______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.A.TheB.AC.AnD.Two4.—Howmanybooksdoyouhave?—Ihave_______book.That's_______Englishbook.A.a;anB.a;oneC.one;anD.one;one5.AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby.A.aB.anC.theD./6._______tigeris_______China.A.The;aB.A;theC.The;fromD.The;the7.Wecan'tsee_______sunat_______night.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;/8._______usefulbookitis!A.WhatanB.HowaC.WhataD.What9.Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag.Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag.A.a;an;theB.a;a;theC.an;an;anD.the;a;a10._______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______Englishwellat_______meeting.A.An;an;aB.The;/;anC.The;/;aD.The;/;the11._______GreatWallis_______longestwallintheworld.A.A;aB.The;theC.A;theD.The;a12._______newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.A.The;aB.A;/C.A;theD.An;the13._______womanoverthereis_______popularteacherinourschool.A.A;anB.The;aC.The;theD.A;the14.Heusedtobe_______teacherbutlaterheturned_______writer.A.a;aB.a;theC./;aD.a;/15.Theymadehim_______king.A.aB.theC.anD./16.Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher.Heworksinourschool.A.aB.anC.theD./17.Ishe_______Americanboy?A.anB.aC.oneD./18.DoesTomoftenplay_______footballafter_______school?A./;/B./;theC.the;/D.a;/19.Theypassedourschool_______daybeforeyesterday.A.anB.oneC.aD.the20.Australiais_______English-speakingcountry.A.aB.anC.theD./21.Shehas_______orangeskirt._______skirtisnice.A.a;TheB.an;TheC.an;AD.the;The22.Thisis_______apple.It's_______bigapple.A.an;aB.a;theC.a;anD.an;the23.Lookat_______horseoverthere.A.aB.anC.theD./24.Don'tplay_______basketballhere.It'sdangerous.A.aB.anC./D.the25.Thereis_______oldwomaninthecar.A./B.theC.aD.an26.Beijingis_______beautifulcity.It's_______capitalofChina.4A.a;aB.the;theC./;theD.a;the27.Shanghaiisin_______eastofChina.A./B.anC.aD.the28.I'vebeenastudenttherefornearlytwoand_______halfyears.A.aB.anC.theD./29.Billis_______Englishteacher.Helikesplaying_______football.A.a;theB.an;theC.a;/D.an;/30.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwill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