冬季施工计划

哈萨克斯坦巴夏库铜选项目粘土矿工程KazakhstanBozshakolCopperProject-clayplant冬季施工技术措施方案Methodstatementforworkinginwinter11373-BD-NFC-0000-MS-OOO-G-0001118/10/2014IFR030/08/2014IFRREV#DATEREASONORIGINATORCHECKEDAPPROVEDCONTENTS目录1INTRODUCTION引言32PURPOSE目的33SCOPE范围34REFERENCES前言35DEFINITIONS定义36PERSONNEL人员46.1TheColdEnvironment寒冷环境46.2MajorRiskFactorsforCold-RelatedStresses与冷应激相关的主要风险因素56.3HarmfulEffectsoftheCold寒冷天的有害反应56.3.1TrenchFoot壕沟足56.3.1.1Symptoms症状56.3.1.2Treatment治疗方式66.3.2Frostbite冻疮66.3.2.1Symptoms症状66.3.2.2Treatment治疗方式66.3.3GeneralHypothermia低温76.3.3.1Symptoms症状76.3.3.2Treatment治疗方式86.4PreventingCold-RelatedDisorders预防由于寒冷引起的失调86.4.1PersonalProtectiveClothing御寒衣物96.4.1.1HandProtection手的防护106.4.1.2FootProtection脚的防护106.4.1.3HeadandFaceprotection头及面部防护106.4.1.4Changeofclothing更换衣物107CONSTRUCTIONCAMPS施工营区117.1Protectionofwateranddieseltanksandfeedlines水罐、油罐及给水管线的防护117.2Campwalkwaysandinternalroads营区道路及内部道路117.3Officeandaccommodationflooring办公室及宿舍区地面117.4Officeandaccommodationheating办公室及宿舍区供热127.5Officeandaccommodationroofing办公室及宿舍区屋面127.6CommunalShowerblocks公用洗浴间137.7SecurityPatrols保安巡逻137.8AdditionalFoodStores额外食品储备137.9StandbyElectricGenerators立式发电机147.10WasteandWasteWaterCollection垃圾及污水收集148VEHICLES车辆158.1Pre-WinterVehicleMaintenanceChecks入冬前车辆维护及检查158.2VehicleBatteries汽车电池168.3Antifreeze防冻液178.4Wipersandwindshieldwasherfluid雨花刷及挡风玻璃清洗液178.5IgnitionSystem打火系统188.6Lights灯188.7Brakes刹车188.8Tyres轮胎188.9ExhaustSystem排气筒198.10Fuel燃油198.11Pre-startChecks打火前检查198.12VehicleSurvivalKits车辆应急包208.13EmergencyVehicles急救车辆208.14WinterDrivingProcedures冬季驾车程序218.15Entrapmentprocedure受困处理程序228.16TrafficSignBoards交通信号牌239ACCESSROUTES进出通道249.1TemperatureChecks临时检查249.2JourneyTimes出行时间249.3LightingLevels光亮度249.4EmergencyCrew应急人员2510CONSTRUCTIONACTIVITIES施工活动2510.1Precautions(General)预防措施（通用）2610.2InstallationofSteelStructure钢结构安装2610.3WorkingatHeight高空作业2710.4Bending&InstallationofRe-bars,formwork钢筋加工及安装，架设模板2710.5ConcreteWorks混凝土作业2710.6Excavation挖掘作业2710.7Layingandcompactionworksforroad&railwaysections公路及铁路的敷设和压实作业2810.8WarmingShelters取暖棚2810.9WarmDrinks热水2810.10Foodtypes食物种类2910.11Medicines药品2910.12ShiftHours作业时间2910.13PortableToiletsandWashRooms移动式厕所及洗手间3011ENVIRONMENT环境3011.1General概述3011.2FuelStorageandHandling燃油储存及处理3011.3TopsoilandSubsoilStockpiles顶层及底层土壤储存311INTRODUCTION引言Constructionduringwinterinvolvesmanyspecifichazardsrelatedtotheextremecoldweatherconditionswhichinturnaffectthehealth,safety,well-beingandenvironmentoftheemployees.Impropermanagementoftheseriskscouldalsodamagepropertywhichmayresultinconsiderableloss.Overall,undoubtedly,onecansaythatitcouldbedetrimentaltothehealth,safetyandwelfareofpersonnelandtotheintegrityofplant,equipment,andstructuresunlesstheseconditionsareproperlymanagedinaprofessionalmanner.冬季施工涉及到许多特别的与寒冷天气条件相关的风险，这些风险影响到施工人员的健康、安全、福祉和环境，任何对这些风险的疏于管理可能会导致相当大的损失。除非对这些情况以专业的方式进行妥善管理，否则的话，将肯定会对人员的健康安全及厂房、设备和结构的完整性产生不利影响。2PURPOSE目的Thepurposeistoprovideanoverviewofsuchspecifichazardsandtoestablishmeasuresinordertoprotectemployeesfromthepotentialrisksandconditions.Thiswillenablethemtoequipthemselvestodealwiththeprevailinghazardousconditionssothatconstructioncancontinueinareasonablylowandpracticableriskenvironment.本程序的目的是对这些特殊危害进行概述，并制定相应措施使员工远离这些潜在风险及状况，使他们能够装备自己处理这些风险，这样施工可以在比较低的及可行的风险下进行。3SCOPE范围ThisprocedureappliestoallpersonnelemployedontheBozshakolCopperProject.该程序适用于在巴夏库铜选矿厂项目工作的所有人员4REFERENCES参考资料Health&SafetyManagementPlan(BZCP-PL-HS-001Rev.3)EnvironmentalManagementPlan(BZCP-PL-ENV-001Rev.2)健康与安全管理计划（BZCP-PL-HS-001第三版）环境保护管理计划(BZCP-PL-ENV-001第二版)5DEFINITIONS定义Thisprocedureidentifiesfiveareaswithintheprojectssphereofinfluencethatwillbeaffectedbycoldweatherenvironment.-Personnel-CampandAccommodationarrangements(includingformerSchoolBuilding)-Vehicles-AccessRoutes-ConstructionActivities本程序规定以下五种情况受低温天气环境影响：人员营区及宿舍安排（包括之前学校宿舍）车辆进出道路施工活动6PERSONNEL人员Workerswhomustbravetheoutdoorconditionsfacetheoccupationalhazardofexposuretothecold.Prolongedexposuretofreezingtemperaturescanresultinhealthproblemsasseriousastrenchfoot,frostbiteandhypothermia.Workersneedtobeespeciallymindfuloftheweather,itseffectsonthebody,identificationoflowtemperaturerelatedsymptoms,properpreventiontechniquesandtreatmentofcold-relateddisorders.不顾室外条件进行作业的人员面临着暴露与寒冷天气下的职业危险，长时间暴露与寒冷天气会导致诸如壕沟脚、冻疮及低温等健康问题，员工需特别注意天气状况及对身体的影响，辨识与低温相关的症状，对于由低温引起的身体紊乱采取妥善的预防措施及治疗方式。6.1TheColdEnvironment寒冷环境Anindividualgainsbodyheatfromfoodandmuscularactivityandlosesitthroughconvection,conduction,radiationandsweatingtomaintainaconstantbodytemperature.Whenbodytemperaturedropsevenafewdegreesbelowitsnormaltemperatureof37C,thebloodvesselsconstrict,decreasingperipheralbloodflowtoreduceheatlossfromthesurfaceoftheskin.Shiveringgeneratesheatbyincreasingthebody’smetabolicrate.人体通过摄入食物和肌肉活动产生热量，通过对流、传导、散发及排汗损失热量，以此来维持身体温度。当身体温度降到正常温度37摄氏度以下，血管收缩，减少血液流量以减少体表温度损失，寒颤通过增加人体代谢率来增加体温。Thefourenvironmentalconditionsthatcausecold-relatedstressarelowtemperatures,high/coolwinds,dampnessandcoldwater.Windchill,acombinationoftemperatureandvelocity,isacrucialfactortoevaluatewhenworking