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1……………………………………………………………………..1…………………………………………………………..…1……………………………………………………….……………………………………………………….………..…………………………………………………4………………………………………………………………..4…………………………………………………………...4…………………………………………………..5…………………………………………………..…5…………………………………………………….5……………………………………………………..7……………………………………………..7………………………………………………..7………………………………………..…7………………………………………..…8…………………………………………………..10……………………………………………12…………………………………………………………12……………………………………..……12………………………………………………..…13……………………………………………………………..13…………………………………………..…14………………………………..…15……………………………………..…15……………………………………..…16……………………………………………………17……………………………………………….19……………………………………………………………….19………………………………………………………………20………………………………………………21……………………………………………….22……………………………..22………………………………………………………..23…………………………………...232………………………………………………..23…………………………………………………..27……………………………………..28………………………………………………………………30……………………………………………………………………30…………………………………………………..30…………………………………………………..…30…………………………………………………..…30…………………………………………………..…31……………………………………………..…32—C5……………………………………………..34…………………………………………………..…34……………………………………………………..…39………………………………………………..43………………………………………………..…43…………………………………………………..…44…………………………………………………..…45…………………………………………………………..………..46………………………………………………………………….…….48Abstract3DSS-DecisionSupportSystem70M.S.ScottMortonDWDSSOLAPOnLineAnalysisProcessingDMDataMining412OracleSybaseInformixIBMNCRCASybasePowerDesignerWarehouseArchitectPowerStageAdaptiveServerIQPowerDimensionsSybaseOracleOracleWarehouseBuilderOracle8iOracleExpressOracle8iSQLCUBEROLLUPSQLInformixITInformixROLAPAPIsInformixOLAPMETACUBEOLAP,DMReviewBrioSASClementineBusinessObject5SPSSOracleInformixSybasePilotC5621789102.1252111226MCIInformix3TB1MCI13SybaseIRSDataWarehousingInstituteTDWI1999NCR””–FraudSENTRY””-IntraSuite14311993E.F.CoddOLAPOLAP:OLAP(MOLAP)OLAP(ROLAP)ROLAPPDQTableCrossDSSOLAP[46]15??????ITClementine16103.2.1FFLEEFFEEFE81-9081828384858687888990cEc=C(EF)N(EF)EuEu=U(EF)ESS(EF)17Ei=I(EFCNUS)3.2.2CRISP-DMCRossIndustryStandardProcessforDataMining()1997DataMiningReportCRISP-DMCRISP-DMCRISP-DMISLClementineISLNCR,Daimler-Benz,OHRACRISP-DMCRISP-DM100IBM,SAS,SGI,DataDistilleries,MagnifyCapGeminiICLRetailBT,Daimler-Benz,ABB,LloydsBank,AirTouch323121834324PredictiveDescriptive7030ClassificationRegressionTimeSeriesClusteringAssociationAnalysisSequenceDiscovery1Classification2Regression193TimeSeries4Clustering5AssociationAnalysisAB90%DMinsupMinconf6SequenceDiscovery6033320OLAPOLAPDM(exploratory)DMDM()??????21DSSUnixAgentServer)WindowsNTPCsWebWindowsNTPCOLAPOLEAutomationServersOLAPWeb(OLTP)()OLAP22EthernetX-windowsPC4.14.112345CUBE623//ClementineIntelligentMinerSASSPSS421??????24??422????????????25434311,,();2()123()45:264.11Autoclass21,13=-**0.01-1%=*()4274.24.312C5284.4,12294.51.2.3.4324.64.630ID----Autoclass=/433ID314.71.1122.123.3251DSS52521522npnpppnnppMinkowskiLanceVillians??????????????npnnppxxxxxxxxx,......,.......,....,.,...,...2,1222,21112,1133TGXiXjDijDijTG[34]523nnn-1GpGqGrDirGi[34]6.1pninput:na[n][n]koutput:b[k][n]FUNCCluster(a[n][n],k)FORi:=1TOnDO{b[i][1]:=1;b[i][2]:=i;b[i][3]:=0}//b[n][n]//nm=nWHILEmkDO{a[p][q]=min(a[1..m][1..m])//p,q,pqadjust(b[1..m-2][1..m-2])//pq//pqb[m-1][1]:=b[p][1]+b[q][1];1.........iqippqiqqippirDDnmDDaDaD?????34b[m-1][2..x]=b[p][2..x];b[m-1][x+1..z]=b[q][2..y];b[m-1][z+1]=0;adjust(a[1..m-2][1..m-2])//pqFORi:=1TOm-1DO{a[m-1][i]=s1*a[i][p]+s2*a[i][q]+s3*a[p[q]+b4*|a[i][p]-a[i][q]|;}//1m:=m-1}return(b[1..k][1..n]);ENDF;{Cluster}5241QRppnpqYqq5.1'321321......iniiiipxxxxXXXXXM?qYYYYM...321?kmmkmkkmiXXTTXXYrr,)(??352npinputM[n][p]koutputb[k][n]PROCMulti_ClusterM[n][p],kpqpq//FORi:=1TOqDO{ai[ni][ni];//inibi[k][k]:=Cluster(ai[ni][ni],k’);//,k’}a0[q][q];//a0[q][q]//b[k][n]=Cluster(a0[q][q],k)ENDP;{Multi_Cluster}3ppp2X3X1X4XpX......11x12x13x14xpx121x22x23x24xpx2............1nx2nx3nx4nxnpx................................................2X3X1X4XpX......11x12x13x14xpx121x22x23x24xpx2............1nx2nx3nx4nxnpx................................................1Y2YqY...1Y2YqY...3653—C55313738……wageincreasefirstyearworkinghoursstatutoryholidayscontributiontohealthpathwageincreasefirstyear39……npnlognpnnpplognpp)n,p(I22????????????r1iiiii)n,p(Inpnp)A(E40940.0145log145149log149)n,p(I22????694.0971.01450144971.0145)2,3(I145)0,4(I144)3,2(I145)n,p(I145)n,p(I144)n,p(I145)outlook(E332211?????????????41532C5123()4()51filestemfilestemaccountNamesOutlookHumidityWindy42*.namesresultgoodgeneralbadidlabelData*.dataaccount.data432namesdataC5opentime=4::...owetime=1:general(19):owetime1:bad(10)opentime4::...owe_times1:general(40)owe_times=1::...howmuch_money133:good(31/1)howmuch_money=133::...owetime=0:general(20)owetime0:good(10)……44Rule1:(cover31/1)opentime4owe_times=1howmuch_money133-classgood[0.939]Rule2:(cover10)opentime4owe_times=1owetime0-classgood[0.917]Rule3:(cover40)opentime4owe_times1-classgeneral[0.976]45Rule4:(cover20)howmuch_money=133owetime=0-classgeneral[0.955]Rule5:(cover19)opentime=4owetime=1-classgeneral[0.952]Rule6:(cover10)opentime=4owetime1-classbad[0.917]Default