分词作定语表语和宾语补足语

1高承英语专题讲义（56期高二）专题一分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语（一）分词做定语单个现在分词形式或过去分词形式作定语时，一般说来放在中心词（被修饰的名词或代词）之前；现在分词形式或过去分词形式短语作定语时，放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。1)ThatisaninterestingTVseries.那是一部非常有趣的电视剧。2)Thegirlsittingbymysideismycousin.坐在我旁边的是我表妹。3)TheexcitedchildrenwereopeningtheirChristmaspresents.兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。4)Theyreducedthenumberofanimalsusedinexperiments.他们减少了用于试验的动物数量。【usedinexperiments=whichwereusedinexperiments】（二）分词做表语现在分词作表语表示主语的特征，常用于事物；过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，常用于人。1)Thenewsisreallyexciting.那消息真让人兴奋。2)Shelookeddisappointedaftershelostthegame.输掉那场比赛后，她看上去很失望。（三）分词做宾语补足语现在分词形式和过去分词形式可作复合宾语中的补足语。1.在表示感觉和心理状态的动词see、hear、feel、smell、listen(to)、notice、observe、smell、watch这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词（人名等），也可以是代词宾格（him、us等）。1)Shesmeltsomethingburningandsawsmokerising.她闻到有东西在燃烧并看到有烟升起来了。2)Iwatchedthemrehearsingtheplay.我看他们排演戏。3)Icouldfeelthewindblowingonmyface.我能感觉到风吹在我的脸上。22.表示“致使”等意义的动词，如catch、find、leave、give、have、get后也可跟上述(1)的结构，有时也可跟过去分词结构。1)Theteachercaughtaboycheating.老师发现一个男生（考试）作弊。2)Youshouldmakeyourviewsknown.你应当让别人了解你的看法。3)She’shavinghereyestested.她正在验光。（练习一）1.Idon'tknowthegirl______inthesnowstorm.A.tocatchB.caughtC.catchingD.tobecatching2.Thegirl_______downbyacarwasdying.A.knockB.knockingC.knockedD.toknock3.Theforeignguests,________byaninterpreter,cameoutofthehall.A.followingB.tofollowC.followedD.tobefollowed4.Theproblem_______soquicklylasteveningwillnotbesetagainanywhere.A.havingbeensettledB.settleB.besettledD.settled5.Therewasan_________lookonhisfacewhentheactressappeared.A.excitedB.exciteC.excitingD.excitement6.Thechildren__________atthehospitalyesterdaywereseriouslyill.A.toexamineB.examinedC.examineD.examining7.Hetalkedabouthissuggestions_________byyouyesterday.A.beenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown8.Thisisthepackage________atthepostofficelastnight.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed9.Anislandisasmallpieceofland_______bywater.A.surroundedB.surroundingC.tobesurroundedD.beingsurrounded10.Themanagerswillagaindiscusstheplan_______lastweek.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout11.Aftertheheavyrain,manycarsgot________inthemud.A.catchB.catchingC.caughtD.beingcaught12.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheleaderofthatcountrygot________.3A.killB.killingC.killedD.tobekilled13.WhenIwentin,theywere________inaheateddiscussion.A.absorbB.absorbedC.absorbingD.beingabsorbed14.Acookwillbefiredimmediatelyifheisfound_____inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked15.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself_____.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard（练习二）1.Pricesofdailygoods______throughInternetcanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying2.Tomsoundsvery_______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestingly3.When_______,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted4.Thisplantissovulnerable(脆弱的)thatonce_______byanydisease,itcan’tsurvive.A.attacksB.havingattackC.attackingD.attacked5.LindaworkedfortheMinnesota(美国.明尼苏达州)ManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown6.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardremain______astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating7.——I’mvery______withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.——Mm,Itdoeshavea______smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant8.Though______rathertired,heinsistedonhelpingtheoldladycarrythebox.A.feelingB.feelsC.feltD.wasfeeling9.______inahurry,thisnovelwasnotasgoodashispreviousone.A.WritingB.WrittenC.TobewriteD.Tobewritten10.Fromthe_______expressiononhisface,Iknowhelostthegame.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.tobedisappointD.todisappointⅡ．语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯性的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。4Architecturelooksattheman-madelivingenvironment.Everygreatcultureinthepasthaditsownideasofbeauty31(express)inartandarchitecture．Whenyoulookaround32buildings,streets，squaresandparks,youwillfind33designed，plannedandbuiltindifferentstyles.Modernismwasinventedinthe1920sbyagroupofarchitects34wantedtochangesocietywithbuildingsthatwentagainst35feelingofbeauty．Theywantedtheirbuildingsconstructedinaway36lookunnatural．37intraditionalarchitecturematerialssuchasearth，stone，brickandwoodareused，thematerialsofmodernarchitecture38(be)steel,glassandconcrete.Tosomepeoplemodernarchitectureequalsprogress.Developingcountrieswanttobuildthemostmodern-lookingbuildingsasthefirststeptowardsbecoming39moderncountry.However,manydonotfindmodernbuildingsbeautifulbecausetheylooklikeboxeswithflat40(roof),sharpcornersandglasswallsthatactasmirrors.（练习一）1-5BCCDA6-10BBDAA11-15CCBBD（练习二）1-5BAADB6-10CDABAⅡ．语法填空31．expressed32．at33．them34．who35．people’s36．to37．While38．are39．a40．roofs20090112