新人教版选修6-Unit5-The-power-of-nature-Grammar[课件]

《高中英语》选修(模块）6-5.1Period4grammarReviewtheusageof–ingform.ExaminethesentencesbeloewanddiscussinwhatwaythestructuressimilartoeachotherandinwhatwaytheyaredifferentLookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.The–ingformusedasanadverbialHavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.Having+pastparticiple(theperfect–ingform)torefertoanactionthattookplacebeforethetimeexpressedbymainverb.小结-ing形式的用法1.–ing形式作状语用法例句时间Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.(=WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet….)在街上走的时候，我遇到了玛丽。原因Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest.(=BecauseIwastired,….)因为疲倦，我停下来休息。条件Turningtotheleft,youwillfindtheschoo.(=Ifyouturntotheleft,….)向左走，你就会找到那个学校让步KnowingwhereIlive,henevercometoseeme.(=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,….)尽管他知道我的住处，但从不来看我。伴随Istoodthere,waitingforher.(=…,andwaitedforher.)我站在那儿等她。结果Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthearea.(=Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea.)在这个地方雨下的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。2.–ing形式的完成式句型主动Having+p.p.…,主语+谓语被动(Havingbeen)+p.p.…,主语+谓语用法•–ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前•表示被动可直接用过却分词例句Havingfinishedmywork,Iwenthome.(=AfterIhadfinishedmywork,….)工作做完只后，我就回家了。例句(Havingbeen)writteninhaste,thebookhassomefaults.这本书因仓促写成，所以有些缺憾。3.使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题。分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。MywifehadalongtalkwithSally,explainingwhyshedidn’twantthechildrentoplaytogether我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词explaining是句子主语mywife做的动作，它们之间是主动关系,即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语mywife。)Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.（thetrain逻辑主语+havinggone既为独立主格结构）分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。例如:误:Havingbeentoldmanytimes，buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit。正:Hewastoldmanytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit。或Havingbeentoldmanytimes，hestillcouldn’tunderstandit。-ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。例如:Openingthedrawer，hetookouthiswallet.(=Heopenedthedrawerandtookouthiswallet.)他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。Comingintotheroom，heputdownhisbag.(=hecameintotheroomandputdownhisbag.)他走进房间，放下提包。Havingbrushedhisteeth，Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。(此句如写成:Brushinghisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.可能指“边刷牙，边下楼’。)分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。例如:Notfearingthefire,thechildtouchedandgotafingerburnt.小孩儿不知道怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。Notknowinghowtofindthesubway,Iaskedapolicemanforhelp.我不知道怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。Ex:Rewritethesentencesusingthepresenortheperfect–ingformoftheunderlinedverbs.Thefirsttwohavedoneforyou.1.Whentheyheardaboutthevolcanotheyrandowntothevillage.hearingaboutthevolcano,theyrandowntothevillage.2.Afterthescientistshadstudiedtheinformationtheypredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage.havingstudiedtheinformation,thescientistspredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage.3.BecauseIhadexperiencedearthquakesbefore,Iwasn’tfrightened.Havingexperiencedearthquakesbefore,Iwasn’tfrightened.4.Whenshewokeupinthemiddleofthenightshesawherroomwasaslightasday.wakingupinthemiddleofthenight,shesawherroomwasaslightasday.5.Assoonaswehadstoppedthecar,weputonourprotectiveclothing.havingstoppedthecar,weimmediatelyputonourprotectiveclothing.6.Becauselhadspentallnightwatchingthevolcanoerupting,Iwasverytiredthenextday.havingspentallnightwatchingthevolcanoerupting,Iwasverytiredthenextday.7.AsIcameoutofmyhouse,Isawthevolcanoerupting.Comingoutofmyhouse,Isawthevolcanoerupting.8.AsIhadneverseenavolcanoeruptingbefore,Iwasveryexcited.Neverhavingseenavolcanoeruptingbefore,Iwasveryexcited.Finishthedialogueexercise6onPage37.Homework