自动售货机-毕业设计论文.doc

洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）I基于PLC的自动售货机监控系统设计摘要随着当前城市规模的增大，很多公共场合都放置有自动售货机，极大的满足了人们的即时性需求，为人们进行简单物品的采购提供了一种便利。传统的自动售货机多采用单片机控制方案，系统硬件设计复杂，抗干扰能力相对较差，很难保证系统的可靠性和稳定性，维护维修困难。本文设计一套基于PLC的自动售货机控制系统，阐述了自动售货机的发展背景与前景，详细分析其功能和特点，提出了总体设计方案；选用型号为L293D的步进驱动电机，设计了平面式贮币、电磁阀退币的货币处理装置，双螺旋式的送出机构，为降低成本和开发周期，创造性的选用了集成键盘、显示、设置功能的控制面板；以三菱FX2N-48MR型PLC为主控制器，基于FXGP/WIN-C编程软件，采用顺序控制的程序设计思路，设计了系统控制程序，包括投币程序、比较选择购买程序和退币程序。该设计提高了自动售货机的可靠性和执行效率，且系统维护容易，维修简单，有一定的市场推广价值。关键词：自动售货机，可编程序控制器，梯形图洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）IIBasedonPLCautomaticvendingmachinesystemdesignABSTRACTThepresentpaperdesignwasbythemicrocomputer-PLCconstitutionautomatsupervisorysystem,thisarticleelaboratedautomatandthedevelopment,aswellasitinthedomesticandforeigndevelopmentpresentsituation,thecharacteristicaswellastheprincipleofworkbasically,tocarriedonamorecarefulelaborationbythemicrocomputer-PLCconstitutionvendingmachinesystemoveralldesignprocess.ChoosesPCmachineinthedesigntotakethehostworkstationonpositionmachine,thelowerpositionmachineusesPLCtomakethecontroller,threePLCcontrollersrespectivelybefromtheworkstation1,fromtheworkstation2,fromtheworkstation3,inthearticleexhaustivelyintroducedtheautomatvarioushardwarecomposition,andhascompletedthePLCexteriorwiringdiagram.Inthearticlehasmanufacturedonthepositionmachineusermanagementcontactsurface.ThepresentpaperkeypointplacesthePLCvarioushardwarepartthedesignandtheintroduction,thePLCtrapezoidalchartDeferstointheoveralldesignprocess“asksthequestion,theanalysisquestion,solvestheproblem”theguidingideology,hasmadethecarefulelaborationtotheoverallsystemdesignwork.KEYWORDS:thevendingmachine，Programmablecontroller，Ladderdiagram洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）III目录前言................................................................................................1第1章自动售货机的介绍...............................................................21.1自动售货机概述....................................................................21.2自动售货机功能分析............................................................31.3自动售货机前景分析............................................................4第2章总体设计方案.......................................................................62.1自动售货机系统需求............................................................62.2系统硬件结构框图................................................................72.3总体方案设计.......................................................................8第3章自动售货机硬件结构设计.................................................103.1硬件选择.............................................................................103.1.1电机的选择...............................................................103.1.2货币处理装置...........................................................103.1.3送出机构...................................................................113.1.4按钮装置...................................................................113.1.5显示装置...................................................................12第4章自动售货机控制系统设计.................................................134.1基于PLC的自动售货机控制系统.....................................134.1.1自动售货机硬件系统的组成部分及工作流程..........134.1.2自动售货过程的控制子系统简述.............................144.1.3基于PLC的自动售货机控制...................................154.2PLC控制系统设计编程要求及基本原则...........................164.2.1PLC控制系统设计编程要求.....................................164.2.2PLC控制系统设计的基本原则.................................174.3自动售货机PLC控制方案设计........................................184.4PLC选型.............................................................................184.4.1PLC概述....................................................................184.4.2I/O点估算..................................................................21洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）IV4.4.3PLC选型....................................................................214.5程序设计..............................................................................224.5.1I/O地址设计..............................................................224.5.2流程设计...................................................................234.5.3PLC与现场器件的连接............................................244.5.4投币程序设计...........................................................254.5.5比较、选择、购买程序设计....................................284.5.6退币程序设计...........................................................304.5.7主程序设计...............................................................324.5.8梯形图程序调试.......................................................34结论..............................................................................................35谢辞..............................................................................................36参考文献..........................................................................................37附录..............................................................................................39外文资料翻译..................................................................................45洛阳理工学院毕业设计（论文）1前言从自动售货机的发展趋势来看，它的出现是由于劳动密集型的产业构造向技术密集型社会转变的产物。大量生产、大量消费以及消费模式和销售环境的变化，要求出现新的流通渠道；而相对的超市、百货购物中心等新的流通渠道的产生，人工费用也不断上升；再加上场地的局限性以及购物的便利性等这些因素的制约，无人自动售货机作为一种必须的机器便应运而生了。从广