印度农业合作化及对其农业发展的作用

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20093No132009SouthAsianStudiesQuarterly138SumNo1138333[],,,,,60,,,[];;;;[]F335110[]A[]1004-1508(2009)03-0054-061.,,,,,72%,,,1951,65,18,,,,2/3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2.,,,,,,,19481:,(),,,45333985::,,1988,93,,2002,43:,,1990,682,,,,194812J1C1:19568,1959,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;;;,;,,190419121942,19842002,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,:,,;,,,,,,,:,,551976,15,,501949101R1,:,,1989,186SouthAsianStudiesQuarterlyNo13200919541:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,100,,,,,,,54153,2149,,15,38%35%4512%3315%21%5415%50%,1.,,,,,,,,,,,,2007-2008,58417,93214,2007-2008415115,432122,,,2.,,,,,,,65:,(),19963:,(),19963,,=32&id=4046.IFFCOataGlance,(IFFCO)::,,2004,115SouthAsianStudiesQuarterlyNo132009,,,,,,,,,,,504000,10,,,13133%,2004-2005,420,,,,5.,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,1916,:,,,,,199685:,,2007329G1E1BritnellandV1C1Foeke,19621CanadianAgricultureinWarandPeace,1935-19501StanfordUniver2sityPress1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,95:,,19942,4246Wethinkthatthetechnical2intensiveandknowledgeaccumulationgrowthpatterncouldbethegrowthpatternofdevelo2pingcountry.Thelong2termgrowthofaneconomydependsonindustryupgradingandtransmission.Frog2jumpcouldbeachoiceofindustrialupgradingforadevelopingcountry.ThePolicyAdjustmentofIndiapsDirectForeignInvestmentundertheInternationalFinancialCrisisJiMengxueLiHaoWiththecontinuousspreadoffinancialcrisis,India,anemergingeconomyissufferingfromincreasinglystrongim2pact.Facingaseriousshortageoffunds,theunfavorableinvestmentenvironmentresultsfromthelossofforeigninvest2mentandsocialinstability,IndianGovernmentisadjustingitspolicyofforeigninvestmentactivelyinresponsetothein2ternationalfinancialcrisis.ItisprovedthatIndiapsprudentFDIpoliciesinresponsetothefinancialcrisisareadvantageousandachievedremarkableperformance.ItisworththinkingsinceourChinaisundersimilarnationalconditions.AComparisonofIndiapsLeft2wingPartiespViewsontheFinancialCrisiswiththatoftheCongressGovernmentpsZhangShulanSongLipingThefifteenthIndianationalelectionendedwiththedefeatoftheleft2wingforcesledbytheCommunistPartyofIndia(Marxist)andthevictoryoftheCongressParty.Theresultofthiselectionisofgreatrelevancetoglobalfinancialcrisis.theleft2wingpartiesdifferfromtheCongressPartyintheirunderstandingofthecausesofthecrisis;AstotheimpactoffinancialcrisisonIndia,thetwosidesdiffermainlyinthestatisticaldataandafocusofconcern;inthepoliciesandmeas2uresdealingwiththecrisis,thetwosidesdonotsharethesamedomesticpolicies,whiletheyarecompletelydifferentintheirforeignpolicies.ThedifferencebetweenIndia’sleft2wingpoliticalpartiesandtheCongressPartywasmainlyduetotheirideologicaldifferences.WeshouldadmitthattheCongressgovernmenttakesbettermeasuresagainstthecrisis,whichagreeswiththeobjectiverealityofIndiaandmeetstheneedsofthevotersbetter.Atthesametime,theCongressPartygovernmentwillmostlikelytakeadvantageofthisopportunityintheglobalfinancialcrisis,andplaytheIndiacardsuccessfully.OntheDevelopment,ReformandProspectofIndiapsInsuranceIndustryDaiYonghongQinYonghongIndiapsinsuranceindustryhasexperiencedaradicaltransformationfromfreemarkettonationalmonopolyandthenbacktofreemarket.Indiapsinsurancemarketfeaturesarelativelysmallermarketsize,lowerparticipationofforeignin2vestment,highermarketconcentration,afastergrowthrateofindividuallifeinsurancebutaslowergrowthrateofgrouplifeinsurance.ThereformsofIndiapsinsuranceindustrythatlagbehindnationaleconomicreforms,experiencedafluctu2atingprocesswithmeasuresincludingtheopeningtotheforeigninsurancecompanies,strengtheninggovernmentalsuper2visiononinsurancemarket.ThereformshavebroughtbothopportunitiesandchallengestoIndiapsinsurancemarket.TheintroductionoffreecompetitionandthegrowingnationaleconomyhavecreatedagoodprospectforIndiapsinsurancein2dustry.IndianAgricultural2CooperationanditsImpactonAgriculturalDevelopmentHuangZhengduoLiYanSinceitsindependence,inordertoincreaseagriculturalproduction,theemploymentopportunitiesandthefarmerspincome,thustoimprovethefarmersplivingstandards,Indiangovernmentimplementedthesystemstrategywiththeagriculturalcooperationasitsmaincontent.Duringthepast60yearsafterindependence,Indianagriculturalco2operationmakesarapidprogress,whichplaysanimportantroleinpromotingagriculturaldevelopment.Thisarticleintendstomakeabriefanalysisofthis.TheTransferofRuralLaborinIndiaanditsImplicationsforChinaFengShengThispaperfirstlypointsoutthatIndiapsleadinglaborissueisthattherurallaborforcecannoteffectivelytransfertourbannon2agriculturalindustries.Thereasonsforthisarediversifiedfromtheinappropriateindustrializationstrategy,thelowagriculturalproductivitytothepooreducationthelaboursreceived.Afterillustratingthereasons,thisarticlegivesanin2depthanalysisofIndiapslabormovementswithTadaromodeltheory.Atlast,thisarticleputsforwardsomeexperi2encesthatChinashouldlearnfrom.IndiaEnterpriseKnowledgeManagementanditsImplicationsaCaseStudyonInfosysTechnologiesHuShulinZhaoFalanAsaneffectivemeansofmanagement,KnowledgeManagementisattachedincreasingimportancebythee

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