欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.数学学科初三试卷二、因式分解、分式、数的开方B卷1.试卷录入表模版试卷模板试卷编号注:系统自动试卷名称因式分解、分式、数的开方B卷所属年级初三所属学科数学所属单元复习第二单元试卷分值100分考试时限30分钟命题人及职称徐国锋中一主编及职称李建东参加考试人数注:系统自动总得分注:系统自动初三数学试卷4“因式分解、分式、数的开方B卷”的试卷结构细目表欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.题型题序分值知识点预计难度123系数容易中档稍难较难选择题15因式分解0.9√25因式分解整式的乘法0.9√35分式有意义的条件0.9√45分式值为0的条件0.9√55二次根式有意义的条件0.9√65因式分解0.8√75因式分解代数值的值0.8√85完全平方公式0.8√95分式的混合运算0.8√105分式的基本性质0.8√115分式的应用等式的变形0.8√125平方根、立方根及公式的化简0.8√135多项式的因式分解三角形的三边关系0.8√145二次根式的化简同类二次根式的概念0.8√155二次根式的混合运算根式大小的估值0.7√165无理数的概念概率0.7√175多项式的因式分解三角形的三边关系0.7√185多项式的因式分解乘法的交换律0.7√195分式的概念整体代入法0.5√205二次根式的性质分式的混合运算0.5√小计1000.755942欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.数学学科初三试卷因式分解重难点:因式分解的概念,因式分解的常用方法以及因式分解的应用分式的重难点:分式的性质以及分式的运算数的开方的重难点:平方根、立方根的概念,二次根式运算,分母有理化二、因式分解、分式、数的开方B卷一、选择题(每题5分,共100分)1.下列因式分解正确的是··················································································()A.xxxxx3)2)(2(342B.)1)(4(432xxxxC.22)21(41xxxD.)(232yxyxyxyxxyyx答案:D.解析:A答案最后结果不是整式的乘积,B答案十字相乘法分解错误,C答案是整式的乘法运算本题为容易题.考查因式分解的概念.2.把23xxc分解因式得:23(1)(2)xxcxx,则c的值为······························()A.2B.3C.2D.3答案:A.解析:因式分解与整式的乘法是互逆的关系,只要把后面的整式乘出来与前面的多项式比较结果就可以了.本题为容易题.考查因式分解和整式的乘法.3.若使分式2xx有意义,则x的取值范围是···········································································()A.2xB.2xC.2xD.2x答案:A.解析:分式的分母不等于0分式有意义.本题为容易题.考查分式有意义的条件.4.若分式211xx的值为0,则·······································································································()A.1xB.1xC.1xD.1x答案:B.解析:分式的值为0则分子为0同时考虑分母不为0,由210x得到1x,但1x时分母为0,所以1x.本题为容易题.考查分式值为0的条件.5.二次根式1a中,字母a的取值范围是·············································································()A.1aB.a≤1C.a≥1D.1a欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.答案:B.解析:二次根式被开方数大于等于0,二次根式有意义.本题为容易题.考查二次根式有意义的条件.6.把代数式29xyx分解因式,结果正确的是·········································································()A.29xyB.23xyC.33xyyD.99xyy答案:C.解析:本题考查用提取公因式法和公式法来分解因式,注意平方差公式的正确应用,结果要分解到不能再分解为止.本题为中档题.考查因式分解.7.已知2yx,31xy,则2243xxyy的值为···················································()A.1B.2C.3D.4答案:B.解析:本题为应用因式分解来求代数式的值,把2243xxyy分解为3xyxy然后代入数值求出代数式的值,也可以计算出x与y的值代入,但计算量较大.本题为中档题.考查多项式的因式分解和代数式的求值.8.22412xxm是一个完全平方式,则m的值为·································································()A.3B.一3C.9D.3或一3答案:D.解析:本题考查完全平方公式,由完全平方公式的结构末项应为9,而3或一3的平方都为9所以应该选择D.本题为中档题.考查完全平方公式.9.计算ababbaa的结果为·······························································································()A.abbB.abbC.abaD.aba答案:A.解析:分式计算要按次序进行,先乘除后加减,有括号先算括号,同时注意结果必须为最简分式或者是整式.本题为中档题.考查分式的混合运算.10.把分式)0,0(yxyxx中的分子、分母的x、y同时扩大2倍,那么分式的值···()欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.A.扩大2倍B.缩小2倍C.改变为原来的41D.不改变答案:D.解析:分子x扩大2倍,分母xy也同时扩大了2倍,因此整个分式的值是不变的.本题为中档题.考查分式的基本性质.11.第二十届电视剧飞天奖今年有a部作品参赛,比去年增加了40%还多2部,设去年参赛作品有b部,则b的值是·································································································································()A.%4012aB.2%401aC.%4012aD.2%401a答案:C.解析:本题可以列出等式140%2ba,把b看做是未知数a为已知数解出b的值.本题为中档题.考查分式的应用及等式的变形.12.下列等式成立的是···················································································································()A.2(5)5B.33(5)5C.aaD.22abab答案:B.解析:本题考查算数平方根、立方根的概念以及二次根式的公式200aaaaa的化简.本题为中档题.考查平方根、立方根及公式的化简.13.在二次根式①12,②32,③32,④327中与是同类二次根式的是··············()A.①③B.②③C.①④D.③④答案:C.解析:解答本题的关鍵是能正确化简题中的四个二次根式,然后根据被开方数是否相同来选择与3是否为同类二次根式,最简二次根式、同类二次根式是二次根式的两个重要概念,正确理解这两个概念,是进行二次根式加减运算的前提.本题为中档题.考查二次根式的化简和同类二次根式的概念.14.估计132202的运算结果应在················································································()A.6到7之间B.7到8之间C.8到9之间D.9到10之间答案:C.解析:二次根式的乘法运算是把被开方数相乘作为最后的结果,加减法是合并同类二次根式,注意到结果是420,而41620255,所以结果是C.本题为中档题.考查二次根式的混合运算及对根式大小的估值.欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.15.已知2ab,则224abb的值是················································································()A.2B.3C.4D.6答案:C.解析:本题解法是先将22ab分解因式,然后整体代入求值.当然也可以先将已知条件变形为2ab,代入求代数式中,也可求及结果,但计算量稍大些.224abb=4ababb=24abb=224abb=2ab本题为稍难题.考查平方差公式和部分代入化简计算的方法.16.如图,A,B,C,D四张卡片上分别写有523π7,,,四个实数,从中任取两张卡片.取到的两个数都是无理数的概率···································································································()A.112B.16C.14D.12答案:B.解析:无理数是无限不循环小数,与开方开不尽的实数都是无理数,列出所有可能的情况共6种,其中2个都是无理数的有1种,因此选B.本题为稍难题.考查无理数的概念和概率.17.若,,abc是三角形三边的长,则代数式2222abcab的值·······································()A.大于零B.小于零C.大于或等于零D.小于或等于零答案:B.解析:本题是确定代数式的取值范围与因式分解的综合题,把所给多项式的部分因式进行因式分解,再结合“,,abc是三角形的三边”,应满足三角形三边关系是解决这类问题的常用方法.∵2222abcab=222aabb-2c=22abc=abcabc,又∵,,abc是三角形三边的长.∴acb,abc,即abc0,abc0∴abcabc0即2222abcab0,故选B.本题为稍难题.考查多项式的因式分解和三角形的三边关系.18.在日常生活中如取款、上网等都需要密码.有一种用“因式分解”法产生的密码,方便记忆.原理ABCD欢迎登录《100测评网》进行学习检测,有效提高学习成绩.是:如对于多项式44xy,因式分解的结果是22xyxyxy,若取9,9xy时,则各个因式的值是:220,18,162xyxyxy,于是就可以把“018162”作为一个六位数的密码.对于多项式324xxy,取10,10xy时,用上述方法产生的密码不可能是···························