搜索
1初三英语总复习资料宾语从句定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear他告诉我他下一年上大学.Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?Idon’tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你该依靠谁.ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsknow.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的手机了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyoureadthenewpanel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.2Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,seeto.Ihateitwhentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.我们认为你会同意我们的.Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral.开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.三、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedIamsureIwillpasstheexam.我确信我会通过考试.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.四、只用whether的情况1.whethertodosth2.whether…ornot33.whether引导的句子作主语4.whether跟在doubt/discuss/wonder等后5.whether做介词的宾语五、宾语从句不可以省略引导词that1.主从句之间有插入语时，如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.卡片上写着，它过去是演戏用的。2.从句的主语是that时。如：Hethinksthatthatisawashingmachine.他认为那是一台洗衣机。3.若出现两个或两个以上的that宾语从句时，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个引导词that可以省略，其余需保留。Myauntsays(that)shewillcomeandthatshewillalsobringherdaughter.我的姑姑说她要来，还带她的女儿。六、宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.我认为他不会来我的舞会.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?七、宾语从句的时态和语序时态：1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhewasin.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读老人与海.HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.3.从句的时态不由主句决定。当表达a.宇宙、自然界的规律活动或事实真理时Ourteachersaidlightstravelsfasterthansound.我们老师说光传播的比声音快。b.类似于1+1=2这样的固定法则时Ilearnedthatthreeminusoneistwo.我知道了3-1=2.4c.没有时间概念的词义或句意，Heaskedmewhatthiswordmeans.他问我这个单词是什么意思。d.当宾语从句表示一种反复出现或现在习惯性动作时。如：Shetoldmethatshegetsupatsixo’clockeverymorning.她告诉我她每天早上六点起床。Heaskedmewhenthetrainusuallystarts.他问我火车通常什么时候发出。语序：1.宾语从句用陈述句语序，但当有what’sthematter?/what’swrong?/what’stheproblem?whichisthewayto…等时则不用变语序。2.当宾语从句由wh-疑问词引导，若有doyouthink等插入语时，则要用陈述句语序。Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.练习：()1.It'ssodark.Ican'tfindout_______it'saboy_______agirl.A.if,andB.that,andC.either,orD.whether,or()2.Couldyoutellmeifhe_______toShanghai?A.hasgoneB.hadgoneC.wentD.go()3.Hetoldme_______shewouldcatchtheearlybus.A.whichB.whetherC.whyD.that()4.Mrs.Greenaskedme_______Iwouldgowithher.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.that()5.Idon'tknow_______thecoat_______cheapenough.A.if,isB.where,wereC.that,wasD.if,were()6.Canyoutellmewhy_______yesterday?A.youdidn'tcomeB.didyounotcomeC.didn'tyoucomeD.youdon'tcome()7.Hesaidthatthey_______Yunnan.A.havebeentoB.hadgonetoC.havegonetoD.hasgoneto()8.Jackisn'tsure_______studentsthereareinhisclass.A.howmanyB.whatC.whichD.whether()9.Canyoutellme_______yesterday?A.whattheydoB.whattheydidC.whatdotheydoD.whatdidtheydo()10.Iwanttoknow_______hishomeworkyesterdayevening.5A.ifhefinishedB.whetherhehadfinishedC.hadshefinishedD.hasshefinished()11.Doyouknowwhat_______thistimeyesterday?A.theyaredoingB.