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博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。1动名词专讲动名词：概念：是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。[要点提示]动名词，即动词后加ing的形式，即doingsth.它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做“动名词”。英语中，有些动词后通常接动名词，如appreciate,enjoy,can'thelp等。另外，介词后面如果出现动词的话，肯定是用动名词。还有些动词短语后面的to是介词，也要用动名词，如getusedtodoingsth,lookforwardtodoingsth.等。动名词可以有被动，如beingseen；它也有否定形式，如notbeingableto；动名词前还可以加逻辑主语，如yourcomingtomyparty,himofferinghelptous等。时态/语态主动被动一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten1动名词作主语、宾语和表语1）作主语。例如：FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方与北方开战了。2）作宾语a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成consider认为delay耽误deny否认detest讨厌endure忍受enjoy喜欢escape逃脱fancy想象finish完成imagine想象mind介意miss想念postpone推迟practice训练recall回忆resent讨厌resume继续resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议face面对include包括stand忍受understand理解forgive宽恕keep继续博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。2例如：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjecttosticktonogoodnousebefondoflookforwardtobeproudofbebusycan\'thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthinkofburstoutkeeponinsistoncountonsetaboutputoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfulin3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。例如：Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较：Sheiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台aswimmingpool=apoolswimming游泳池有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如：boilingpoint=atemperaturepointatwhichsomethingbeginstoboil沸点awalkingtractor=atractorwhichadrivercanoperatewhileheorsheiswalkingbehindit手扶拖拉机2worth的用法worth,worthy,worthwhile都是形容词，意为\值得\。1.worth：beworth+n.当名词为金钱时，表示\……值得……\常见的有It’sworthwhiletodo./It’sworth（someone’s）whiledoingbeworthdoingsth.\……某事值得被做\Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.这问题不值得反复讨论。2.worthy：beworthyof+n.当名词为抽象名词时表示\……值得……\beworthytobedone\某事值得被做\Thequestionisnotworthytobediscussedagainandagain.3.worthwhile：beworthwhiletodosth\值得做某事\Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。典型例题Itisnot____todiscussthequestionagainandagain.A.worthB.worthyC.worthwhileD.worthwhile答案C.由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组beworthwhiletodosth.。选C。博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。3课后练习：1.Markoftenattemptstoescape____wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.A.havingbeenfinedB.tohavebeenfinedC.tobefinedD.beingfined2.Hegivespeopletheimpression____manypoems.A.ofhavingwrittenB.tohavewrittenC.ofbeingwrittenD.towrite3.Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____.A.beingseenB.seeingC.himseeingD.seeinghim4.Peopleappreciate____withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.A.toworkB.tohaveworkedC.working博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。4D.haveworking5.I'veenjoyed____totalkwithyou.A.tobeableB.beingableC.tobeenableD.ofbeingable6.Noonecanavoid____byadvertisements.A.tobeinfluencedB.beinginfluencedC.influencingD.havinginfluence7.Theyareconsidering____beforethepricesgoup.A.ofbuyingthehouseB.withbuyingthehouseC.buyingthehouseD.tobuythehouse8.Hethoughtthat____.A.theeffortdoingthejobwasnotworthB.theeffortwasnotworthindoingthejobC.itwasnotworththeeffortdoingthejob博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。5D.itwasnotworththeeffortbydoingthejob9.IfIhadremembered____thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.A.tolockB.lockingC.tohavelockedD.havinglocked10.Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.A.ironB.toironC.ironingD.beingironed11.Youcan'thelp____commercials;everyfewminutestheprogramisinterruptedtogiveyouoneadvertisementoranother.A.tohearB.tobeheardC.hearingD.withhearing12.Itisdifficulttogetused____inatentafterhavingasoft,comfortablebedtolieon.A.sleepB.tosleepingC.sleptD.tosleep13.Itisnouse____menottoworry.A.youtellB.yourtellingC.foryoutohavetoldD.havingtold14.Heisverybusy____hispapers.Heisfartoobusy____callers.A.towrite...toreceiveB.writing...toreceiveC.writing...receivingD.towrite...forreceiving博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。615.Thesuspectatlastadmitted____stolengoodsbutdenied____them.A.receiving...sellingB.toreceive...tosellC.toreceiving...tosellingD.tohavereceived...tohavesold16.Sheapologizedfor____tocome.A.hernotbeingableB.herbeingnotableC.notbeingableD.thatshe'snotableto17.Johnregretted____tothemeetinglastweek.A.notgoingB.nottogoC.nothavingbeengoingD.nottobegoing18.Pleasestop____,boys,Ihavesomethingimportantto____you.A.saying...talkB.telling...sayC.talking...speakD.talking...tell19.Tony,wouldyougoandseeifSamhasanydifficulty____histaperecorder?A.tofixB.fixingC.forfixingD.fix20.“Whyisn'tNancygoingtomeetus?”“It'smyfault.Iforgotallabout____her.”A.telephoningtoB.totelephoneC.totelephonetoD.thetelephoningto21.“Whywereyoulate?”“Ihadahardtime____upthismorning.”A.togetB.getC.gotD.getting22.Iremember____tohelpusifweevergotintotrouble.A.onceofferingB.himonceofferingC.himtoofferD.toofferhim博知教育教师寄语：愿你像颗种子，勇敢的冲破泥沙，将嫩绿的幼芽伸出地面，指向天空。723.Youmustdosomethingtopreventyourhouse__________.A.tobebrokeninB.frombeingbrokeninC.tobreakinD.frombreakingin24.Hisroomneeds_______,sohemusthaveit_________.A.painting；paintedB.painted