初中英语九种时态归纳复习

第1页共8页初中英语九种时态归纳复习英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。英语的时态（tense）是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。下面主要是对初中英语九种时态进行阐述一般现在时：概念：1）表经常的或习惯性的动作e.g.Igotoschoolat7:30everyday.2)表现在的状态e.g.Heisthirteen.Sheisathome.3）表主语具备的性格和能力等e.g.WelikeP.E..TheyknowEnglish.基本结构：肯定句：1是“be”动词：主语+am/is/are+…（Iam,Heis,You/Theyare…）(Iam---I’myouare----you’reheis---he’ssheis--she’stheyare---they’re)e.g.I’mGina.Heismyfriend.2．行为动词：主语+动词原形+…e.g.Igotoworkveryearlyeveryday.主语（第三人称单数）+动词的第三人称单数形式(S+v.+-s/-es)e.g.Helikesbananas.3.情态动词can+动词原形e.g.IcanspeakalittleFrench.否定句：1“是”动词：主语+am/is/are+not+…(Iamnot---I’mnotyouarenot---youaren’theisnot---heisn’t…)e.g.Heisnotareporter.Youarenotadoctor.2.行为动词：主语+don’t(donot)+动词原形+…e.g.Theydon’tlikebroccoli.主语（三单）+doesn’t(doesnot)+动词原形+…e.g.Hedoesn’tlikeicecream.3.主语+can’t(cannot)+动原e.g.Bobcan’tplaychess.一般疑问句：1“是”动词：Am/Is/Are+主语+…回答：肯：Yes,主+am/is/are否：No,主+am/is/are+note.g.AmIright?Yes,youare.Isheathome?No,heisn’t.Areyouatwork?Yes,Iam.2.行为动词：Do+主语+动原+…？回答：Yes,主+do.No,主+don’t.e.g.Doyouhaveabasketball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Does+主（三单）+动原+…？回答：Yes,主+does.No,主+doesn’t.e.g.Doeshelikeswimming?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.3.Can+主语+动词原形…？e.g.Canyoudance?Yes,Ican./No.Ican’t.特殊疑问句：1“是”动词，：特殊疑问词+am/is/are/+主语+…？e.g.Whereareyou?Iamathome.2行为动词：特殊疑问词+do/does+主+动原+…？e.g.Howdoyougotoschool?Igotoschoolbybike.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Sheoftengoestothemovies.时间状语：1)inthemorning/afternoon/evening.2).always,usually,often,sometimes,attimes(有时),seldom(极少),hardlyever,never…3)．everyday/week/month/year4).onceaweek/day/…twiceaweek/day/month/…threetimesaday/week/…5).通过上下文叙述的是客观真理e.g.Theearthgoes/turnsaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳运转。Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东边升起来。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光速比声速快。动词第三人称单数的构成：一般情况：在动词原形+s：work----workscome-----comes2.以c,s,ch,sh结尾的词+espass-----passeswatch----watches3.以辅音字母+o结尾的词+esgo-----goes4.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变i再加esstudy---studiescry---cries第2页共8页5.特殊的第三人称单数：have---hasbe---is一般现在时练习题：1．Nickoften_____(go)skateboardingonSaturdayafternoons.2．How____he_____(get)toschooleveryday?3．I_________(nothave)asoccerball.4．____she______(want)togotoamovie?No,she______.5．_____(be)thisyourpencil?Yes,it____.6．Howoften____yourfather_______(exercise)?He_________twiceaweek.7．Theweatherisfinehere.Ithardlyever________(rain).8．DoesMikeoften_______(surf)theInternet?9．TheirfavoriteTVprogram___(be)SportsNews.10.Itusually______(take)himanhourtodohishomework.11.Canyou_____(come)tomypartyonWednesday?–Sorry,I____.Ihavetohelpmymom.12.Tomcan____(play)theguitar,buthecan’t_____itverywell.一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，过去经常或反复的动作，常与often,always等表频率的时间状语连用。结构：be动词：肯定句：1“be”动词：主+was/were+…e.g.Hewashereamomentago.2.行为动词：主+动词的过去式+…e.g.Theyplayedtennisyesterday.Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.否定句：1.be动词：主+was/were+not+…（wasnot----wasn’twerenot---weren’t）e.g.Shewasn’tathomelastnight.2.行为动词：主+didnot(didn’t)+动原+…e.g.Ididn’tdomyhomeworkyesterdayevening.一般疑问句：1be动词：Was/Were+主+…？回答：Yes,主+was/were.No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.e.g.WereyouinGuangzhoulastyear?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.2．行为动词：Did+主+动原+…？回答：Yes,主+did.No,主+didn’t.e.g.DidyouseeLucyjustnow?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.时间状语：1yesterday2.thedaybeforeyesterday3.lastnight/yesterday/week/month/year/weekend/..4….ago,twodaysago5.justnow6.theyearbeforelast7.oneday8.attheageof5/129.fromthenon(从那时起)10.whenshewasfive11.in1997/…12.longlongago13.onceuponatime（以前）动词的过去式构成：1.一般在动词末尾加-edlook----lookedplay----played2.结尾是e的动词加-dlive----liveddecide---decided3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed.stop----stoppedplan----planned4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变“y”为“i”，再加-edstudy-----studiedcarry-----carried不规则动词过去式参见八年级上册附录中的P116不规则动词表一般过去时练习题1．I_____(go)totheaquariumlastweek.2.Tina_____(hang)outwithherfriendsthedaybeforeyesterday.3.Mozart_____(start)writingmusicwhenhewasfouryearsold.4.Steve______(study)ChineseinBeijingin1998.He_______(notstudy)French.5.Whentheteacher________(come)justnow,thestudents_____(stop)talking.Thenthey________(begin)tohaveclass.第3页共8页6.He_____(begin)tolearnEnglishattheageof5.7.Where_____you_____(go)amomentago?–I_____(go)tothelibrary.8._____(be)theyatworkanhourago?–No,they________.9.Ted________(practice)Japaneseyersterdaymorning.10.China________(join)theWTOin2001.11.____you___(go)tothezoowithyourparentslastmonth?–No,I______.12.Maryusually_______(get)upat6:30lastyear.＊一般现在时的therebe结构:Thereis/are+…(就近原则)e.g.Thereisabook,arulerandtwopensonthedesk.Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.Thereisalotoffoodinthefridge.一般现在进行时：概念：1).表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行的动作或发生的动作2).当前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的动作。（thesedays;atpresent目前；thisweek这周）3).表即将来临的未来预定要做的事情，一般指个人计划要做的事，跟未来时间。结构：1.肯：主+am/is/are+v-ing（动词现在分词）+…e.g.HeiswatchingTVnow.2.否：主+am/is/are+not+v-ing+…e.g.Heisn’twatchingTVnow.3．一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主+v-ing+..？回答：肯：Yes,主+am/is/are否：No,主+am/is/are+note.g.IshewatchingTV?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词++am/is/are+v-ing？e.g.Whatishedoing?时间状语：1)now2)atthistime,atthemoment,thesedays3)句前有look,listen（并且句中没有情态动词）4）铺垫语：It’seight.Thestudentsarehavingaclass.5)通过上下文动词的现在分词的构成：1．一般在动词原形末尾加-ing.go----goingbuy----buying2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing.write--