初中英语基本句型

基本句型（BasicSentencePatterns）：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的：1）主+动（SV）例如：Iwork.我工作。2）主+动+表（SVP）例如：Johnisbusy.约翰忙。3）主+动+宾（SVO）例如：ShestudiesEnglish.她学英语。4）主+动+宾+补（SVOC）例如：Timewouldprovemeright.时-间会证明我是对的。5）主+动+间宾+直宾（SVOiOd）例如：Mymothermademeanewdress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。1.主+动（SV）常见的不及物动词:risewaitsleepdependrainsmilediewalkdance等.例句:1)Thesunhasrisen.太阳升起来了.2)Theredsunhasrisenintheeast.鲜红的太阳在东方升起来了.3)Theboyissmiling.男孩在笑.4)Thelittleboyissmilinghappily.这个小男孩在高兴地笑.1.Theyaretalking.()2.Bettylooksverybeautiful.()3.WecallmypetMimi.()4.Thechildrenwereplayinghappily()5.Dannycanswim.()6.Hehasgone.()7.Theleavesisturninggreen.()8.Yourroomshouldkeepclean.()√√√√2.主+系+表（SVP）1).本句型中的系动词和表语二者缺一不可.常见的系动词有:be,become,taste,get,grow,go,seem,look,feel等.例句:1)Theyarestudents.他们是学生.2)Theoldmenseemhappy.这些老人看起来很幸福.3)whenspringcomes,itgetswarm.当春天来时,天气会变暖.2)常见的作表语的词有名词和形容词,其次是介词短语和不定式短语,有些名词性从句也可以作表语.例句:Theprettygirllookshappy.这个漂亮的女孩看起来很高兴.Shebecomeascientist.她成为一名科学家了.ThisbookisaboutlearningEnglish.这本书是关于学英语的.1.Theyaretalking.()2.Bettylooksverybeautiful.()3.WecallmypetMimi.()4.Thechildrenwereplayinghappily()5.Dannycanswim.()6.Hehasgone.()7.Theleavesisturninggreen.()8.Yourroomshouldkeepclean.()√√√3.主+动+宾（SVO)常见的及物动词:lovesaytakesellknowcallorderdraw等.例句Sheiswashingclothes.她在洗衣服.Isawabeautifulgirl.我看见一个漂亮的女孩.TomwatchesTVeveryevening.汤姆每天晚上看电视.Shedoesn’tlikeherbrother.她不喜欢她哥哥.SpeakEnglish,please.请讲英语.Thehousewasbuiltlastyear.这座房子是去年建的.Willyouhelpme?你会帮助我吗?MostofusenjoyEnglishverymuch.我们中大多数人非常喜欢英语.1.Ididin’tliketigers.()2.TheyhavedalreadyreachedBeijing.()3.Ireadmysonastoryeverynight.()4.Dannysenthisteachersomebeautifulflowers.()5.Jennycansingthesong.()6.Myfatherboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.()7.Areyoureadingnewspapers?()8.Iamgoinghome.()√√√√4.主+动+宾+补（SVOC）常用的及物动词有:call,find,get,keep,feel,see,hear,listento,lookat,have,make,let等.例句:WeselectedJohnourmonitor.我们选约翰当我们的班长.Thesunkeepsuswarm.太阳使我们感到温暖.Hemadetheboylaugh.他使男孩笑了.Hetoldmetocomeearlier.他让我早点来.Thestudentkeeptheirclassroomclean.学生们保持教室干净.Acoldkepthiminbedforthreedays.一次感冒让他卧床三天.5.主+动+间宾+直宾（SVOiOd）常接双宾语的动词:give,show,tell,teach,pass,buy,lend1)英语中有些及物动词要求跟两个宾语(双宾语),即直接宾语和间接宾语.例句:Mymotherboughtmeapen.我妈妈给我买了一支钢笔.Theclerkaskedmemyaddressandtelephonenumber.那位职员问我的地址和电话号码.Pleasepasshimthebook.请把那本书递给他.2)一般情况下,间接宾语位于直接宾语前,但有时,间接宾语可置于直接宾语后,此时,间接宾语前要加to或for.例句:MrSmithtoldmeaninterestingstory.MrSmithtoldaninterestingstorytome.史密斯先生给我讲了一个有趣的故事.Iboughtherabeautifulskirt.Iboughtabeautifulskirtforher.我给她买了一件漂亮的裙子.常接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的动词间宾前加to的动词有:sell,feed,bring,read,pass,teach,give,take,show,send,tell,write,find,throw间宾前加for的动词有:sing,make,get,buy,choose,return,cook,pick,order,call,leave,hand练习:下列句子分别属于哪一句型.A.主语+系动词+表语(+状语)B.主语+谓语(+状语)C.主语+谓语+宾语(+状语)D.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(+状语)E.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)()1.Theflowersmellssweet.()2.IvisitedmyteacherlastSunday.()3.Theyaredancing.()4.Mrs.Blackhelpedhissonbrushhisteeth.()5.Jennyboughtawatchforhim.()6.Hismothersenthimanewwatch.()7.Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom()8.Thegirlopenedthedoor.()9.MaryandLynnliveinTaiyuan.()10.Shelookslikehermother.()11.Youshouldstudyhard.()12.Thechildrenplayfootballontheplaygroundeveryafternoon.()13.Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.()14.Wepaintedthewallwhite.()15.Heaskedmetogoswimmingwithhim.()16.OnSundaymanypeoplehaveawalkinthepark.()17.Misszhanghastaughtusmathsfortwoyears.()18.TomandJohnarethebeststudentsinourclass.()19.Hedideverythingtohelpthepoor.()20.Sheaskedmemytelephonenumber.