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宾语从句：宾语可由名词，代词或名词短语或句子来充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子称为宾语从句。Grammar宾语从句要注意三个方面：1.引导词：2.语序：原句如果是陈述句，变为宾语从句时要用that引导，而that无意义，仅起连接作用。在口语和非正式文体中常可省略that.e.g.Ithink(that)youcandoit.一定要使用陈述语序。e.g.Heknowswhatheshoulddonext.3.时态：主句一般现在时，从句据句意用各种时态。主句一般过去时，从句只能用相应的过去时态。如宾语从句所陈述的内容是客观真理，客观事实，自然现象或定理等，则用一般现在时。e.g.Everyonethinks(that)Milkewillwinthegame.Ithought(that)hewatchedthematch.Theteachersaid(that)theearthgoesaroundthesun.注：宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问时，由whether或if引导，表“是否，是不是，能否”等。不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略。whether与if引导宾语从句时，一般可通用，但在下列5种情况下，whether不可换用if：1.whether引导的从句居于句首。2.从句位于介词后作介词宾语。3.whether在不定式前，与不定式组成词组。4.主句的位于动词是discuss等动词。Theyaretalkingaboutwhetherhewillcomehere.Idon’tknowwhethertostayorgo.Theyarediscussingwhethertheyshouldselltheoldhouse.Whetherheagreeswithmeornot,Idon’tknow.宾语从句的分类：1.作动词的宾语：2.作介词的宾语：3.作形容词的宾语：Everyoneknowsthatheisagoodstudent.Thisdependsonhowhardyouwork.Theyareafraidthattheyarewrong.say,think,believe,hope,know,understand,suppose等描写感情的形容词后，如afraid,sure,sorry,glad等5.从句中有ornot时。Idon’tknowwhetherornotitrains.e.g.他认为他需要拍个X片。e.g.我知道我能修理这部车。e.g.他们认为他们会有更多的钱。e.g.她说她冷Shesaysthatsheiscold.HethinksthatheneedsanX-ray.IknowthatIcanrepairthiscar.Theybelievethattheywillhavemoremoney.e.g.我觉得你需要拍个X片。e.g.听到你生病了我很难过。e.g.你为我所做的一切我很满意。IamsurethatyouneedanX-ray.Iamsorrythatyouareill.I’mveryplesedwithwhatyouaredoing.使用宾语从句要注意的3个问题：1.形式宾语it：如宾语从句后有补语，要用形式宾语it来代替，而将从句放到补语的后面去。e.g.Hehasmadeitclearthatthemeetingwillnotbehold.2.宾语从句否定意义的转移：在think、believe、suppose、except等后的宾语中，如从句谓语是否定的，一般将not移至主句谓语，而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。即：否定前移。e.g.我想他没时间玩足球。Ithinkthathedoesn’thavetimetoplayfootball.Idon’tthinkthathehastimetoplayfootball.3.反意疑问句：宾语从句的主句是主语+think(except,suppose,believe,imagine)时，附加疑问句部分要根据主句的主语而定：当主语是第一人称时，要根据从句而定；主语是第二、三人称时，与主句保持一致，并且要注意否定前移。e.g.Idon’tthinkheisserious,________?Youbelievesheisagoodteacher,________?ishedon’tyou巧学宾语从句口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态、语序、引导词。主句若是过去时，主从时态要一致。宾从表达是真理，一般现在就可以。引导词也不难，陈述可用that连。一般问句表“是否”，if、whether来引导。特殊问句作宾从，疑问词引导就能行。还有一点要说明，陈述语序要记清。PracticeARewritethesesentences.Heisdrinkinghismilk.Hesaysthatheisdrinkinghismilk.A1Shesaysthatshehasfoundherpen.2Theysaythattheymustremainhere.3Hesaysthatheremembersyou.4Shesaysthatshedoesn‘tspeakEnglish.5Theysaythattheyarewashingthedishes.BAnswerthesequestions.What’sthematterwithhim?(feel/tired)Hesaysthathefeelstired.Whatdotheywant?(some/money)Theysaythattheywantsomemoney.B1Hesaysthathefeelsill.2Shesaysthatshehasgotaheadache.3Hesaysthathewantsahaircut.4Theysaythattheyarethirsty.5Theysaythattheyhaveatoothache.6Shesaysthatsheneedsalicence.7HesaysthathewantsanX-ray.8Shesaysthatsheiscold.9Hesaysthathehasgotacold.10Hesaysthathehasanearache.ConsolidationLet’shaveatest.类型一：引导词的运用1Idon’tknow___________ornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome2Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that3Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.ifD.thatABBA4Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where5Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?David?Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.if6Doyouknow_______Mr.Black’saddressis?HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereBBAC7Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose类型二：宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序1Didyoufindout______?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingforBD2Areyouinterestedin_____?A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit3Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare4Whatdidthescientistsay?Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldheflyCDB5Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme____?A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere6Ihearwe’llhaveanewteacherthisterm.Really?Doyouknow____________________?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.Whatsubjectwillheteach?C.whatsubjectishegoingtoteachD.whatsubjectheteachesCD类型三：时态1It’s7:30.Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet,Sally.A.haven’tstartedB.didn’tC.don’tstartD.hadn’tstarted2TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25th____ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe3Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun.A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgoAAA4We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass5“Couldyoutellme______?”“Yes.They____tothelibrary.”A.wherearethetwins,havebeenB.wherewerethetwins,havebeenC.wherethetwinsare,havegoneD.wherethetwinswere,havegone6Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buysACC7Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone类型四：其他---反意疑问句，it做形式宾语1Idon’tthinkheisright,__________?A．isn’theB．isheC．doID．don’tI2Hebelievessheisright,__________?A．doesn’theB．doesheC．issheD．isn’tshe3Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,__________?A．didn’theB．didheC．didID．didn’tICB