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1被动语态目录被动语态构成表.......................................................................................................................1被动语态的结构.......................................................................................................................2常用时态的被动语态...............................................................................................................2被动语态的五个重要考点.......................................................................................................2带双宾语动词的被动语态规律...............................................................................................4一般不用于被动语态的静态动词...........................................................................................5两类被动句型的转换...............................................................................................................5表示“据说”的三类被动句型...............................................................................................6被动语态的主要用法...............................................................................................................6使用被动语态“六注意”.......................................................................................................7何时使用被动语态...................................................................................................................8“get＋过去分词”表被动的用法............................................................................................8不用于被动语态的情形...........................................................................................................8被动语态构成表2被动语态的结构英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。决定动词用主动语态还是被动语态主要看动词和主语的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者，也就是说它们是主动关系，此时动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，也就是说它们是被动关系，此时动词则用被动语态。英语的被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成，其中be有时态、人称和数的变化。如：Englishistaughtinmostschools.大多数学校都教英语。Thechildrenarenotallowed(permitted)toplayonthegrass.孩子们不允许在草地上玩耍。Aftertheaccident,theinjuredweretakentohospital.事故发生之后受伤的人被送往医院急救。常用时态的被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。(1)一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词。如：RiceisgrowninsouthChina.华南种植水稻。(2)一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：Theglasswasbrokenyesterday.这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。(3)现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+过去分词。如：Theprojectisbeingcarriedout.这个计划正在执行中。(4)过去进行时：was/were/being+过去分词。如：Thisroadwasbeingbuiltthistimelastyear.这条路去年这个时候还在修建。(5)一般将来时：willbe+过去分词。如：Thecarswillbesentabroadbysea.这些汽车将由水路运往国外。(6)过去将来时：wouldbe+过去分词。如：Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。(7)现在完成时：have/hasbeen+过去分词。如：Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.这本小说已被译成了几种语言。(8)过去完在时：hadbeen+过去分词。如：WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。被动语态的五个重要考点将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题1.Alltheemployeesexceptthemanager______toworkonlineathome.解析：主语是alltheemployees(复数)，而不是themanager，排除答案A和C；又因alltheemployees与encourage是被动关系，要用被动语态，排除B，故选D。2.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.3A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered解析：alibrary是offer的承受者，要用被动语态，排除B和D；又因主语(library)是单数，排除C；故选A。注意：withfivethousandbooks是alibrary是定语。将语态与虚拟语气结合起来命题—Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe______toMiamibuttoNewYork?—Iagree,buttheproblemis______hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what解析：因he与send是被动关系，排除D；又因it(is)necessary后的that从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”，排除选项A；答句中的表语从句不缺任何句子成分，用that；故选B。将语态与倒装结合起来命题Onlyaftermyfriendcame______.A.didthecomputerrepairedB.berepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired解析：因thecomputer与repair是被动关系，排除A；又因only加状语置于句首，要用部分倒装，排除选项D和B；故选C。将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度Goodcaremust______babies,particularlywhiletheyareill.A.takeB.takeofC.betakenD.betakenof解析：由固定短语takegoodcareof(好好照看)是可知，goodcare与take是被动关系，排除A和B；选项C中又漏掉了of；故选D。在语境中将语态与时态结合起来命题1.Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople______toeatmorefruitandvegetables.A.persuadeB.willpersuadeC.bepersuadedD.arepersuaded解析：因people与persuade是被动关系，排除A和B。又因为主语是一般将来时，条件句中用一般现在时，所以选D。2.Hundredsofjobs______ifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willlost解析：因lose与jobs是被动关系，排除A和D；又因条件状语从句是一般现在时，主句中的谓语动词应当是一般将来时，故选B。3.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.A.werewashedawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway解析：因goodearth(沃土)与washaway(冲走)是被动关系，排除C；又因quantitiesof…作主语，谓语动词用复数，排除B；指近阶段(近些年)正在发生的事，用现在进行时，排除A；故选D。4.—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It______forweeks.()A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned4解析：由is和forweeks可知，要用现在完成时态，排除B和C；又因It(Thewindow)与clean是被动关系，要用被动语态，所以选D。5.—GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougotothewedding?—No,I______.Didtheyhaveabigwedding?A.wasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedC.hadn’tbeeninvitedD.didn’tinvite解析：因为I与invite是被动关系，又因为邀请应当发生在结婚之前，gotmarried是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，只有C正确。6.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_____by2006.A.hasbeencompletedB.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted解析：因“by+将来时间”通常与将来完成时连用，所以由by2006可排除A和B；又因为work与complete是被动关系，所以要被动语态，只有C正确。7.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youma