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本科毕业论文利用中药渣去除废水中Cr（Ⅵ）的研究指导教师刘怡副教授学院名称资源环境学院专业名称环境工程论文提交日期2014年5月14日论文答辩日期2014年5月18日摘要中药渣主要来源于各类中药生产，如医院，制药企业等。目前中药渣主要是作为垃圾，简单堆放在环境中。采用这方法处理中药渣不仅污染了环境，而且造成了土地资源的浪费。目前对中药渣的资源化利用的研究主要有利用中药渣培养食用菌、制成有机肥、处理废水等。本论文采用中药渣处理模拟Cr（Ⅵ）废水，研究吸附剂投加量、初始浓度、吸附时间、吸附温度和溶液pH值对吸附效果的影响。本论文得出的主要结论：a)中药渣对Cr（Ⅵ）有一定的吸附能力，在Cr（Ⅵ）初始浓度为30mg/L、中药渣投加量为5g/L、废水pH为2.0、吸附时间为1h的条件下，中药渣对Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率为98％，吸附量为5.99mg/g。b)准二级动力学方程能更好地拟合中药渣吸附Cr（Ⅵ）过程，相关系数R2达0.9976，该吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程也说明该吸附是化学吸附过程。c)Freundlich等温吸附方程可更好地拟合中药渣对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附，相关系数R2平均达0.9817以上，通过对拟合结果的分析，发现中药渣对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附有较好的效果。关键词：中药渣Cr（Ⅵ）吸附StudiesontheAdsorptionofHexavalentchromiumfromWastewaterUsingHerbResidueHuangzhiyong(CollegeofNaturalResourcesandEnvironment,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,China)Abstract:Themainsourceofproductioninthedregsofvarioustypesofmedicine,suchashospitals,pharmaceuticalcompanies..Currentlythedregsprimarilyasgarbageisdiscarded,simplystackedwithothergeneralwasteintheenvironment,thentakethelandfillorincineratedwaytodealwith.Usingthesemethodsnotonlydealwiththedregsofthepollutionoftheenvironment,butalsoresultedinawasteoflandresources.Currentresearchonthedregsofresourceutilizationmainlyusethedregsofmushroomcultivation,madeoforganicfertilizer,suchaswastewatertreatment.Thispaperusesthedregsofhexavalentchromiumwastewatertreatmentsimulationstudyadsorbentdosage,initialconcentration,adsorptiontimeandtheeffectsoftemperatureandpHontheadsorptioneffect.Inthispaper,themainconclusions:a)Thedregsforhexavalentchromiumhassomeadsorptioncapacity,undertheinitialconcentrationofhexavalentchromium30mg/L,thedregsdosage5g/L,thewastewaterpH=2.0,6hoursadsorptionconditions,thedregsofhexavalentchromiumremovalwas98%,theadsorptioncapacityof5.99mg/g.b)Quasi-twokineticequationstobetterfitthedregsofhexavalentchromiumadsorptionprocess,thecorrelationcoefficientR2of0.9976,theadsorptionprocessinlinewithquasi-twokineticequationalsoshowsthattheadsorptionisachemisorptionprocess.c)Freundlichisothermequationtobetterfitthedregsoftheadsorptionofhexavalentchromium,theaveragecorrelationcoefficientR2of0.9817ormore,throughthefittinganalysisoftheresultsfoundinthedregsoftheadsorptionofhexavalentchromiumhavebettereffect.Keywords:HerbresidueHexavalentchromiumAdsorption目录1前言..........................................................................................................................................11.1含铬废水的来源及特点......................................................................................................................11.2Cr（Ⅵ）的特点与应用........................................................................................................................11.3含铬废水中重金属离子去除——吸附法......................................................................................11.3.1物理化学吸附法.................................................................................................................................21.3.2生物吸附法.........................................................................................................................................21.4我国中药渣的现状..............................................................................................................................21.5中药渣的特征和常规处理方法........................................................................................................31.6中药渣的资源化利用..........................................................................................................................31.6.1利用中药渣培养食用菌..................................................................................................................31.6.2利用中药渣制成有机肥...................................................................................................................31.6.3利用中药渣对废水处理...................................................................................................................41.6.4利用中药渣加工禽畜饲料...............................................................................................................41.7本论文的研究内容及研究意义........................................................................................................42试剂与仪器..............................................................................................................................52.1实验试剂与仪器...................................................................................................................................52.1.1实验试剂..............................................................................................................................................52.1.2实验仪器..............................................................................................................................................52.2实验方法..................................................................................................................................................52.2.1吸附研究.............................................................................................................................................52.2.2Cr（Ⅵ）的测定分析.............................................................