冀教版初一英语(上)期末复习要点讲解

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

【期末复习要点讲解】一、词汇复习1.词型变化a.名词复数△在词尾直接加-s。map—maps,kite—kites,month—monthsteacher—teachers,△以s,x,o,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加-es.class—classes,box—boxes,tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoes,match—matches,dish—dishes但photo—photos,piano—pianos△以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词,需将y改为i,再加-es。family—families,factory—factories,story—stories△以f或fe结尾的词,需将f或fe变为v,再加-es。knife—knives,leaf—leaves,△不规则变化:child—children,foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men,woman—women,b.动词的第三人称单数形式。动词的第三人称单数形式的词型变化与名词复数形式基本相同。例如:play—plays,go—goes,do—does,dress—dresses,watch—watches,brush—brushes,wash—washes,fly—flies,try—tries,have—has,2.代词:a.要熟记各人称的代词的各种形式,见下表。b.形容词性物主代词只能作定语,因此其后一定有名词;名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,其后不会有名词。例如:Yourbookisonthedesk,mineisinmybag.c.some和any,既可修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句。Hehassomestorybooks,buthedoesn’thaveanypicturebooks.Thereissomemilkintheglass.Arethereanychairsintheclassroom?3.介词我们主要复习一下介词in,on,at在表示时间时的用法上的区别:△in常用在年、月、季节之前,例如:in1996,insummer,inJune,或用来泛指在上午,在下午,在晚上。inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening△on用来表示某一天,或某天的上午/下午/晚上,例如:onMonday,onJuly1st,onSundaymorning.onthenightofOctober1st.△at用来表示时刻,例如:at6:30at7:004.名词所有格“’s”通常表示所属关系,与名词一起构成名词所有格,我们学了下列几种情况:a.单数名词后加-’s,例如:Mary’sfather,mysister’sroom.b.两个或两个以上的名词,只加一个“-’s”,例如:JackandJim’sroom,Mr.andMrs.Carter’shousec.复数名词后只加“’”,例如:theteachers’office,students’reading-room.d.如复数名词不是加-s构成的,则仍加“-’s”例achildren’sbook,Women’sDay5.短语:记忆短语是英语初学者一件重要而有趣的任务,而养成用短语造句的习惯更是一种好的学习方法,请你试一试,我们可以把本册课文中学过的短语分为四大类:名词短语、介词短语、(表语)形容词短语和动词短语,分别举例如下:名词短语:swimmingpool,classroombuilding,Beijingopera,apocket-recorder介词短语:atBeijingNo.19MiddleSchool,onFriday,againstthewall,(表语)形容词短语begoodat,beinterestedin,be/getreadytodo,belatefor……动词短语havelessons,collectstamps,doshopping,helpsbwithsth,takecareof,drivesbto.二、重要语法复习一般现在时1.一般现在时主要由动词原形表示,但第三人称单数后要加-s,另外be和have有特殊的人格形式,下面列表说明。行为动词动词tobe动词tohave(有)Iwork.Youwork.He/She/Itworks.Wework.Youwork.Theywork.Iam(I'm)...Youare(You're)...He/She/Itis…Weare(We're)...Youare(You're)...Theyare(They're)...Ihave...Youhave...He/She/Ithas…Wehave...Youhave...Theyhave...2.当主语是第三人称单数时行为动词形式的几种变化。3.一般现在时的否定式。动词have(有)的否定式和疑问式有两种方式构成,英国人用have(has)后加not;把have,has提到主语前来构成否定式和疑问式。美国人用在动词前加don't,doesn't;do和does放在句首构成否定式和疑问式。如果have不是表示有的意思,则都用助动词do,does来构成否定式和疑问式。另外英国人口语常以have(has)got代替have(has);其否定式常以haven'tgot代替havenot,hasn'tgot代替hasnot.4.一般现在时的疑问式及简略回答。行为动词动词tobe动词tohaveDoIwork?Yes,youdo.No,youdonot.(don't)Doyouwork?Yes,Ido.No,Idonot.(don't)Doeshe/she/itwork?Yes,he/she/itdoes.No,he/she/itdoesnot.(doesn't)Dowework?Yes,we/youdo.No,we/youdonot.(don't)Doyouwork?Yes,wedo.No,wedonot.(don't)Dotheywork?Yes,theydo.No,theydonot.(don't)AmI...?Yes,youare.No,youarenot.(you'renot.或youaren't)Areyou...?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.(I'mnot)Ishe/she/it...?Yes,he/she/itis.No,he/she/itisnot.(he's/she’sit’snot)Arewe...?Yes,we/youare.No,we/youaren't.(we/youaren’t.we’re/you'renot)Areyou...?Yes,weare.No,wearenot.(aren't/we'renot)Arethey...?Yes,theyarenot.(aren't/they'renot)HaveI...?Yes,youhave.No,youhavenot.(haven't)Haveyou...?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihavenot.(haven't)Hashe/she/ithas.Yes,he/she/ithas.No,he/she/ithasnot.(hasn't)Havewe...?Yes,we/youhaveNo,we/youhavenot.(haven't)Haveyou...?Yes,theyhaveNo,theyhavenot.DoIhave...?Yes,youdo.No,youdonot.(don't)Doyouhave...?Yes,Ido.No,Idonot.(don't)Doeshe/she/ithave...?yes,he/she/itdoes.No,he/she/itdoesnot.(doesn't)Dowehave...?Yes,we/youdo.No,We/youdonot.(don’t)Dotheyhave...?Yes,theydo.No,theydonot.(don't)5.一般现在时的基本用法。1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语:every…,at…,onSunday,everyday,onceaweek(每周一次),often(经常,往往)usually(通常),always(总是),seldom(很少),sometimes(有时)Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Heisthirteen.Sheisatwork.Igetupatsixeveryday.—Howdoyouusuallycometoschool?—Iusuallycometoschoolbybike,butIwalksometimes.IntheeveningIoftenwatchTV,butsometimesIread.Ialwaysgettoschoolveryearly.2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Thesunrisesintheeast.(太阳从东方升起。)What'stwoandthree?It'sfive.Themoonmovesroundtheearth.(月亮围着地球转。)Lighttravelsfasterthansound.(光比声速度快。)3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.(行动胜过言辞。)(格言)注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例:Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.Shelikesapples.TheyspeakEnglish.Johnworksveryhard.比较:NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。5)一般现在时的其他用法。(A)在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。例如:Ifyoujumpaqueue,thepeoplewillnotbepleased.Iwilltellhimassoonashecomesback.Whentheyleaveschool,theywillgobacktotheirhometown.(他们毕业后将回到家乡去。)(B)表示安排或计划好的将来的动作(只限于某些表示来、去、动、停、开始、终于、继续等的动词,如go,come,leave,start等)。例如:Thetrainstartsatteno’clockimthemorning.(火车将于上午十点钟开出。)Supperisatfivetoday.(今天五点开饭。)WhendoestheJapaneseyouthdelegationleaveforYanan?(日本青年代表团什么时候到延安去?)(C)引用书籍报刊或其作者时,一般须用一般现在时。例如:Thestorydescribeshowayoungscientistdevelopsanewtheory.(故事描写一个青年科学家如何建立了一个新的理论。)(D)主句中的谓语动词如是过去时态,其宾语从句的谓语动词一般也须用过去时态,但宾语从句如说的是客观真理,它的谓语动词仍须用一般现在时。例如:Galileoinsistedthattheearthmove

1 / 18
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功