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幻灯片103DR_word_likely1likely:1.adj.probableAnincidentlikelytoleadtowarisreportedonTV.电视报导出一可能导致战争的事件。2.adv.probablyIshallverylikelybehereagainnextmonth.Pattern:Itislikelythat…很可能…Itishighlylikelythathewillsucceed.幻灯片104DR_word_likely2likely,possible&probable这些词都有“可能的”意思。CF:likely系常用词，指从表面迹象来看很有可能。例如：Thelikelyoutcomeofthecontestvariesfrommomenttomoment.比赛结果每分钟可能都在变化。possible指由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到，强调客观上有可能，但常含有实际希望很小的意思。例如：Isitpossibletogettothecitybytrain,ormustItakeabus?坐火车可以到这个城市去吗？还是我必须得坐公共汽车？幻灯片105DR_word_likely3probable语气比possible强，指有根据、合情理、值得相信的,带有大概、很可能的意思。例如：CF:Itisprobablethathehasforgottenourappointment.很可能他是忘了我们的约会了。幻灯片106DR_word_dowithout1dowithout:managetosurvive,continue,orsucceed,althoughyoudonothavesth.youneedIhaven’tenoughmoneytobuyacar,soI’lljusthavetodowithout.Hecan’tdowithouttheservicesofasecretary.幻灯片107DR_word_dowithout2Collocation:摆脱；废除，取消doawaywithdoup系上，扣上；修理；打扮havesomethingtodowith和…有关系havenothingtodowith和…没有关系幻灯片108DR_word_highly1highly:adv.1)veryMr.Smithwasahighlysuccessfulsalesman.2)toahighdegreeHespeaksveryhighlyofyou.出席这次会议的大部分人是受过高等教育的女性。Mostofthepeoplepresentatthemeetingarehighlyeducatedwomen.幻灯片109DR_word_highly2highly&high这两个词都表示“高高地”。CF:highly指的是抽象意义上的“高”。例如：薪俸优厚的官员ahighlypaidofficialthinkhighlyofsb.器重某人high用作副词时，一般指的是具体意义上的“高”。例如：向高处瞄准aimhighsearchhighandlow到处寻找幻灯片110DR_word_highly3CF:其他类似的例子还有:closely&closeclosely细心地，严密地。例如：WatchwhatIdoclosely.仔细观察我所做的。Theprisonerswerecloselyguarded.囚犯被严密看守着。close邻近。例如：Helivesclosetotheschool.他住得离学校很近。幻灯片111DR_word_put/turntheclockbackput/turntheclockback:returntoasituationthatusedtoexist,usuallybecausethepresentsituationisunpleasantTheemploymentbillinwhichwomenarenotallowedtotakejobswillputtheclockbackfiftyyears.Forgetallaboutitandlooktothefuture;youcan’tturntheclockback.幻灯片112DR_word_bringabout1bringabout:causetohappen这是怎么发生的？Whatbroughtitabout?Someeducatorsarehopingtobringaboutmajorchangesintheeducationalsystem.Collocation：产生；提出bringforth提前；提出bringforward教育；养育；提出bringup幻灯片113DR_word_bringabout2Fillintheblankswiththephrasesandchangetheformwherenecessary.1.Theyproposedthatthedateofthecongressbeafewmonths.2.Thetreesintheorchardmanyapples.3.Hewaswell4.Atthemeetingthenextmorning,theymanyproblemsanddiscussedthemonebyone.broughtforward_____________bringforth_________broughtup_________.broughtup/forward/forth幻灯片114DR_word_inquire1inquire:1.vt.asktobetoldHeinquired(ofher)thereasonforbeinglateagain.Heaskedforhiskeyandinquiredwhethertherehadbeenanymessageforhim.2.vi.seekinformationbyquestioning我打电话询问有关火车时刻的事情。Iranguptoinquireabouttraintimes.幻灯片115DR_word_inquire2Collocation：问候inquireafter求见inquirefor查究，调查inquireintoinquire,ask&questionCF:这些词都有“问，询问”的意思。inquire是较正式的书面用词，渴望知道某人或某事的确实情况。例如：幻灯片116DR_word_inquire3Heinquiredyourtelephonenumber.他询问你的电话号码。ask是最常用词,指为了了解某人或某事而提出问题,请别人解答或向别人打听消息。例如：CF:Excuseme.MayIaskyouaquestion?对不起，我能问你一个问题吗？question指对某事不断提出问题，以便了解详细情况。例如：Thesuspectwasquestionedbythepolice.警察审讯嫌疑人。幻灯片117DR_word_initiativeinitiative:n.1)abilitytomakedecisionsandtakeactionwithoutthehelpofothersIfyoushowthatyouhaveinitiative,youwillsoonerorlaterbepromoted.Theworkersareabletosolvetheproblemontheirowninitiative.2)usedinthephrase“taketheinitiative”:bethefirstpersontotakeactiontoimproveasituationorrelationship,esp.whenotherpeoplearewaitingforsb.elsetodosth.Hetooktheinitiativeinorganizingapartyafterhisbrother’swedding.幻灯片118DR_word_raterate:n.value,cost,speed,etc.measuredbyitsrelationtosomeotheramountTheworld’sforestsaredisappearingatanevenfasterratethanexpertshavethought.出生率是出生数与人口数之比。Thebirthrateisthenumberofbirthscomparedtothenumberofthepeople.2)ofthe(numbered)qualityafirst-rateperformer;asecond-ratecomic幻灯片119DR_word_ensureensure:vt.makesure;guaranteeThenewtreatywillensurepeace.我不能确保他能及时到这儿。Ican’tensurethathewillbehereintime.幻灯片120DR_word_informed1informed:adj.knowingthings;havingalltheinformation随时告诉我新的发展。Keepmeinformedoffreshdevelopment.He’sawell-informedman.inform,tell&instructCF:这些词都有“把某消息或某件事传达给别人”的意思。inform向某人传递信息,特别适用于告知所发生的情况或有关资料（可以用于上级对下级，也可以用于下级对上级的通知）。例如：幻灯片121DR_word_informed2Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommyoldschoolinformingmethatmyformerheadmaster,Mr.ReginaldPage,willberetiringnextweek.我刚接到母校的一封信，通知我说我的老校长雷金纳德·佩奇先生将于下星期退休。tell最通用，最不正式。指把某事告诉某人。例如：CF:Glancingatherscornfully,hetoldherthatthedresswassold.他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖掉了。幻灯片122DR_word_informed3instruct较正式，意为“指示（一般用于上级对下级），通知”。例如：CF:Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistatelegraminstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.编辑立即给这位记者发了一份电报，叫他查明台阶的准确数目以及围墙的高度。幻灯片123DR_word_steadysteady:adj.1)constant;regularinmovementThegovernment’spolicieshavebroughtaperiodofsteadyeconomicgrowthwithfallingunemployment.Therehasbeenasteadygrowthintheindustry.2)firmUsingtherazorrequiresasteadyhand.幻灯片124DR_word_basis1basis:(pl.bases)n.1)factsorideasfromwhichsth.canbedeveloped;foundation(usu.usedasasingularnoun,followedbyfororof)Thewritingisfullofargumentsthathaveafirmbasis.Whatisthebasisforyouropinion?2)circumstancethatprovidesareasonforsomeactionoropinion(usu.followedbyoforthat-cla