习题五5-1一圆柱形铝管,外半径为32mm,管壁厚6mm,求单位长度的电阻。解:铝管的内半径为26mm,设流过铝管的电流为I,则:662222211034810)2632()(IIRRIJ6/10348IEJ13349.5103486103486IIIdER()5-2一长为lm的导体,电阻率为,导体各处的横截面相似,一端的面积为Am2,另一端面的面积为kAm2,求两端面间的电阻。5-2.解:(此题应为导体各处的横截面相似且呈线性关系)。ozl设流入导体的电流为I,则设任一截面面积为zS,由kAlSAS)()0(得:AlkaAb1则:AAzlkzS1)(EzSIJ)()(zSIEkAkIlAzAlkdzIdzEUln)1()1(1010AkklIUR)1(ln5-3解:σblUa本题所求电感为跨接在内外导体间的rarEEˆ)(rarlIJˆ2EJralrIEˆ2ablIdrlrIldEUbabaln22abUIGln25-4解:r2r1θ球冠面积20220)cos1(2sinrddrSrarEEˆ)(rrarIaSIJˆ)cos1(2ˆ2SJE21)cos1(22rrdrrIldEU2112)cos1(2rrrrIUR5-5.解:设电容器板内的D为0D,则:d1=1.0mmd2=2.0mmd3=2.5mm1r2r3r方法一:(1)nnDD10SnnSDdSDQ11101111rnndDdEUFdSUQCr93911011096.71013103613.0(2)同理FC921031.5(3)同理FC931037.6FCCCC93211012.21111方法二:由介质边界条件nnnnDDDD0321121320321dddddnnndzEdzEdzEldEUdzDdzDdddrndrn1212102001dzDddddrn3122303)(3213210rrrondddDSDdsDQn01UQC5-6解:ε1ε0abθ1设内导体单位长度带电量为Q,E、D只有r方向分量,电荷将均匀分布在导体表面上,QSdDSdD2211QrErE12110)2(在介质与空气的分界面上ttEE21且没有方向分量,即21EEErQE1)2(110)ln()2(110abQdrEUba)ln(/)2(110abUQC5-7MNachh-cR1R2llP设电轴的位置偏离轴心cmma85.68mmh53.8M点N点的电位相等120ln2RRlcacahlM2ln20cacahlN2ln20由此可得出cacahcacah22所以c满足0222ahcc可求出0003.0c1)由于ah,求解导体电位时a可以忽略。故当P点在圆柱面上时的电位NMOc近似为零故可忽略aahlP2ln20aahUQCll2ln2=3.26F9102)同理得当mh06.17253.8时,FC91090.25-8解:因为rd故1)zzzaaanIBˆ1051.1ˆ10403000104ˆ4370(T)zzaanIBHˆ12010403000ˆ/30(A/m)2)2rB2020rnIrnIIL61071.1(H)5-9Izxym2mI2解;arIBˆ210对于载流环所在平面adzdradzdxSdyˆˆ1212122112IIMMdydzyISdBS203110121223ln10I3ln012121IM5-10R1R2R3D1nD2n3ε0ε0052105020220434QdrrQdrrQU020UQC5-11abV21lnCrCrAar时0Ubr时0得abbaAUCln)(01babbaAUbAClnln)(02解:rarDDˆ)(DDDnn213221003RRRRdrDdrDldEU24rDSdDQ24rQD解:1)rA2因为仅为r的函数所以00zrArrrr)(1所以babbaAUbArabbaAUrAlnln)(lnln)(002)rarabbaAUAEˆ)1ln)((01)内:ababaAUAEDarnSln)(011外:abbbaAUAEDbrnSln)(0124)000010ln)(22UababaAUAaUaUQCs5-12σ2σ1I由6261105104100EEI2185410E所以21121111154400rESJI解:zarEEˆ)(EEEtt21EJ11EJ2221121111111rrEEdSJdlEIUR2122221222221)(rrrrEEIUR)(212222112211rrErESJSJI21222254500SJI5-13解:σabU0(a)因为/mrk,可见电场只与r有关。rarEEˆ)(设从内球壳流进外球壳的电流为I,则:rrcakrmrIarIJEˆ4ˆ422)()(ln141420bkmaakmbmIrdkrmrIrdEUbababkmaakmbmUIln40)()(ln410bkmaakmbmIUR(b))()(ln)(44202bkmaakmbkamamUkamaIEDarnarns内)()(ln)(20bkmaakmbkbmbmUDbrns外(c)rakrmrbkmaakmbmUD201)()(ln20)(1)()(ln)(1rkmbkmaakmbmkUrrDrDV(d))()(ln)(4402bkmaakmbakmamUaQS内内)()(ln)(4402bkmaakmbbkmbmUbQS外外(e)rrcabkmaakmbrmUarIJˆ)()(lnˆ4202(f))()(ln400bkmaakmbmURUI5-14.解:abINdrrhINdSrINdSrINdSBbaSSSln2121220000abhNINLln2025-15解一般情况下认为al1,al2zaNIBˆ11012211021aNNI221012121aNNIM5-16.解:lABCDII若AB为一对传输线,CD为一对传输线,A对CD:arIBAˆ202)1(ln220022lDDIdrlrISdBACADddSAAADAC同理BDBCBDDIln202IMBA22215-17zyxdxxIbI传输线的内自感:)/(48200mHLiarIBˆ20dx处的磁感应强度)ˆ()(2)ˆ(200zzaxDIaxIBaaDIadxdyBaDazlnˆ0aaDILln00aaDLLLiln40005-18.解:直导线在螺线管内产生的磁场为:)(20tirBrabhtirhdrtirdStirrbarrln)(2)(2)(2000)(107.51015ln10200036102500ln2)(9290HabNhtiNMr