充填开采控制地表沉陷的关键因素分析瞿群迪,姚强岭,李学华,荣同义(中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116)摘要:充填开采是控制地表沉陷的有效技术手段之一.为了提高充填开采的地表沉陷控制效果,采用理论分析和数值计算研究方法,对采空区全部充填法的地表下沉系数进行了预计,分析了充填开采控制地表沉陷的各影响因素.研究表明:充填前顶底板移近量、充填体欠接顶量和充填体压缩量是造成地表下沉三个关键因素,提高充填体的接顶率是减小充填开采地表下沉系数的最有效途径,提高充填体强度可以在一定程度上提高对地表下沉的控制效果.关键词:充填开采;地表沉陷;影响因素;充填体接顶率中图分类号:TD823.7文献标识码:AKeyFactorsAffectingControlSurfaceSubsidenceinBackfillingMiningAbstract:Backfillingminingisoneofthemosteffectivetechnicalmeasurestocontrolsurfacesubsidence.Inordertoreprovethecontroleffectofsurfacesubsidencecausedbybackfillingmining,weestimatethesubsidencefactorofthefullgobackfillingandalsoanalyzehowthesefactorsaffectingthesurfacesubsidencethroughtheoreticalanalysisandnumericalcalculation.Theresultshowsthattheroof-to—floorconvergencebeforebackfilling,thegapthebackfillingbodyandroof,andthecompressionamountofthebackfillingbodyarethekeyfactoraffectingsurfacesubsidence.Toraisetheratioofbackfillingbodyheighttominingheightisthemosteffectivewaytoreducethesubsidencefactorsinbackfillingmining.Thesubsidencecontroleffectcanbealsoimprovedtoacertainextentbyincreasingthestrengthofthebackfillingbody.Keywords:backfillingmining;surfacesubsidence;influencingfactors;ratioofbackfilling;煤矿通风瓦斯在燃气轮机中的催化燃烧特性尹娟翁一武(1.上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海20003摘要:在不同进口温度、工作压力和当量比条件下,研究了煤矿通风瓦斯气在燃气轮机催化燃烧室内部的燃烧特性,对数值模拟结果与试验结果进行了对比,并分析了催化燃烧对超低浓度瓦斯气性能的影响.结果表明:增加甲烷浓度(或当量比)可促进超低浓度甲烷的催化燃烧;提高催化燃烧室进I:/温度或工作压力可相应提高煤矿通风瓦斯燃气轮机系统的效率.关键词:燃气轮机;煤矿通风瓦斯;超低浓度瓦斯气;催化燃烧特性;数值计算CharacteristicsofCoaIMineVentilationAirMethaneCombustedbyCatalyticinGasTurbineAbstract:Thecombustioncharacteristicsofthecoalmineventilationairmethaneinacatalyticcombustorofagasturbinewereinvestigatedunderdifferentinlettemperatures,operatingpressuresandequivalentceratios.Thesimulationresultswerecomparedwiththeexperimentresultsandtheinfluencefactorsofcatalyticcombustionthatcouldaffecttheactivityofultra—lowconcentrationmethanewerefound.ResultsshowthatthecatalyticcombustionoftheMethanewithultra-lowconcentrationcouldbearatedbyincreasingitsconcentration(orvalenceratio).Theefficiencyofthegasturbinesystemusingthecoalmineventilationairmethanecouldbeincreasedraisingthetemperatureoroperatingpressureattheinletofthecatalyticcombustor.充填开采的协作支撑系统及其力学特征余伟健,冯涛,王卫军,李石林.湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验窀,湖南湘潭..湖南科技大q-能源与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201)摘要一针对“三下”煤炭充填开采引起的岩层移动与控制问题,根据充填开采特点,重点考虑充填体、煤柱和承重岩层的共同协调作用,提出“充填体+煤柱+承重岩层”协作支撑系统这一概念。运用岩石力学、围岩控制原理及其相关理论分别分析充填体的支护作用机制、煤柱的支撑条件、协作支撑系统的力学作用过程及稳定条件,研究结果表明:允填体的支护作用体现在对煤柱的侧向加同和对承重岩层的竖向支撑:充填体对煤柱的侧向应力应满足一定条件才能保证煤柱对上覆岩层产生较大的支撑力;“充填体+煤柱+承重岩层”协作支撑系统的力学作用过程分别经历了上覆岩层的加速下沉、加速或匀速下沉、减速下沉、平稳这4个主要阶段,分析得到“充填体+煤柱+承系岩层”协作支撑系统的稳定条件,并发现充填体的压实度和充填率越大,对形成和提高“充填体+煤柱+承重岩层”协作控制体系的整体性、改善受力环境就越有利.最终能最大限度地控制岩层移动及地表沉降。最后,将“充填体+煤柱+承藿岩层”协作支撑系统理论应用于周源山煤矿的“三下”充填开采当中,结果表明,在进行充填设计时,至少应将充填体的压实度Dr提高到0.8以上,充填率R控制在90%以上,才能将地表沉降控制到最小值,该结果与数值计算结果较为接近。Abstract:Aimingatsubjectofstratamovementandcontrolcausedbytheminingwithfillingunderbuildings,railwaysandwater.Bodiesthree—underground),achievingtogetheractionofbackfilling,coalpillrandroofload·bearingrstratumwasemphasized,andtheconceptionofcoordinationsupportsystemsisputforward.Rockmechanics,controlrincipleandotherscorrelationtheoryareappliedtoanalyzethesupportingmechanismofbackfilling,thesupportingconditionsofcoalpillarandtheprocessofmechanicsactionandthestabilityconditionofthecoordinationsupportsystems.Researchshowsthatthesupportingmechanismofbackfillingactasthehorizontalreinforceactionatcoalpillarandtheverticalsupportingactionatroofload.bearingrockstratum:thehorizontalreinforceactionshouldmeetthecontrolledconditionforthepurposeofgreaterholdingpowerwhichcoalpillareffectonoverburden;Themechanicsactionofthecoordinationsupportsystemswithbackfilling,coalpillarandroofload—bearingrockstratumexperiencefainstagesincludingtheacceleratedsubsideofoverburden,uniformspeedsubside,deceleratedsubsideandsteadyinproperorder.Moreover,itisfoundthatthedegreeofcompactionandthepackingfractionbigger,thesehavemoreadvantageoustointegrityandbearingstrengthenvironmentofthecoordinationsupportsystems,andstratamovementandgroundsubsidencecancontrolasmuchaspossible.Atlast,thecoordinationsupportsystemstheoryisappliedinthethree—undergroundminingwithfillingofZhouyuanshanmine.Inordertoreducegroundsubsidenceasmuchaspossible,analyticresultindicatedthatthedegreeofcompaction(Dr)ofbackfillingraisetoabove0.8,andthepackingfraction(Ff)controlabove90%.迎采动面沿空掘巷围岩变形规律及控制技术王猛,柏建彪,王襄禹,徐营,郭永红,曹金龙摘要:迎采动面沿空掘巷经历邻近工作面侧向基本顶断裂、转动及稳定的全过程动压影响后,巷道围岩将产生大变形、维护困难。采用理论分析、数值计算和现场试验研究迎采动面沿空掘巷围岩变形规律和控制技术,得到该类巷道受邻近工作面采动影响后围岩呈现非对称变形,窄煤柱和顶板变形剧烈,提出提高窄煤柱和顶板支护强度使围岩形成有效承载体是保持迎采动面沿空掘巷整体稳定的关键,据此提出了合理的围岩控制技术:1)合理确定窄煤柱宽度,使邻近工作面采动影响稳定后巷道处于应力降低区;2)高强度大延伸率锚杆控制围岩变形;3)加强窄煤柱、顶板支护,提高关键部位承载能力。棋盘井煤矿工程实践表明,该技术有效控制了该类巷道围岩变形量,取得了良好效果。TheSurroundingRockDeformationRuleandControlTechniqueoftheRoadwayDrivenalongGoafandHeadingforAdjacentAdvancingCoalFace。Abstract:Theroadwaydrivenalonggoafandheadingforadjacentadvancingcoalfacewasinfullprocedureinfluencedbythedynamicpressureoccurredbythelateralmainroofbroken,turnedandstabilizedoftheuppersectionalcoalface,thesurroundingrockwouldoccurlargedef