英语语法系列复习专题十一-----状语从句、常用动词及搭配

1英语语法系列复习专题十一-----状语从句、常用动词及搭配（一）状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。一、时间状语从句：引导词有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，assoonas，themoment/minute…（一…就），thetime,theday,everytime,nexttime,eachtime，bythetimeof，nosooner…than（一…就），hardly…when（一…就）．例如：Each/Everytimehecomeshere,hewilldropinonme.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我．HewasilllasttimeIsawhim.上次我见到他时他病了．Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshecried.她一听到这个消息就哭了．[辨析]when与whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的；在“be…when…”句式中when表“atthattime(就在这时)”意，这样用的when不能换为while；while有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意“而”、“却”，when无这样的用法。例如：WhenIgothomeIfoundthedoorlocked./While(或When)wewereworkinginthefields,itsuddenlybegantorain./Hewaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenabikehithim./Hispencilisred,whilemineisyellow.[辨析]till与until一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能。例如：Untilitstopsraining，thechildrencantgoout.雨停了，孩子们才能出去．＝Notuntiltherainstopscanthechildrengoout.二、地点状语从句引导词有where，wherever.例如：Illgowhereverthepeoplewantmetogo.(wherever＝toanyplacewhere)Heworkswherehisgrandfatherfought.(where＝intheplacewhere)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(Where＝Intheplacewhere)三、原因状语从句引导词有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)回答以why提出的问题时，只能用because,而不能用as等。since＝now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明显的原因，由此加以推论。例如：Nowthat/Sinceyouarefreetoday,youmayhavearestathomeorgooutforawalk.for是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列句，引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。例如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet./Thedayhasbroken,forthebirdsaresinging.(这两句中的for都不可换为because或as,since等。)四、目的状语引导词有sothat,inorderthat,that,incase（免得，以防）。目的状语从句谓语常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词。例如：Heranasfastaspossibleinorderthathecouldcatchthebus./PleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowincaseIforget.请明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘记。五、方式（或比较）状语从句引导词有as,asif,asthough,than,as/so…as,themore…themore.例如：Tomisnotso/astallasJohn./Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain./HerunsfasterthanI.注：as…as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so…as只能用于否定句。六、结果状语从句引导词有so…that,such…that,sothat.例如：1.Heworkssohardthathemakesgreatprogressinhisstudies.2.Itssuchadifficultproblemthatnobodycanworkitout.23.TheresnotanynoiseheresothatIfeelverycomfortable.第3个例句中sothat从句不是目的状语从句，从结构上看没有can,may等情态动词，从意思上看Ifeelverycomfortalbe是Theresnotanynoise的结果．七、条件状语从句引导词有if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase（如果）等，从句的时态用一般现在时（含现在完成时），一般过去时（含过去完成时）分别代替一般将来时和过去将来时。例如：Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwontgothere./Hesaidhewouldnotgobackhomeunlesshehadachievedalot./Illstudysolongas.Imalive./Incasehecome,letmeknow.如果他来的话，告诉我一声。If引导的条件句可以是真实性条件句，也可以是非真实性条件句（用于虚拟语气）八、让步状语从句引导词有though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,whoever,whatever,however,nomatter＋what/who/when/…等。例如：Though/Althoughheisill,hestillgoestoschool./Shestartedherexperiment,eventhoughshehadlittlemoney./Whateveryoufound,youmustturnitin./Howeverhardheworked,hehardlymadeanyprogress.as作“尽管”意时，一般将其句中的表语放在句首，例如：Youngasheis,heknowsalot.＝Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.若表语为名词，冠词要省略，例如：Childas/thoughheis,hehasrememberedalotofEnglishwords.(此句中though不可换为although)although或though不能与but同时出现在一个复合句中，但是“Although/Though…，(and)yet…”句式却是正确的。例如：Althoughitisrainingheavily,yettheyarerepairingthebridge.状语从句考点分析1.IfyougotoXian,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly.A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose析：than后实际上是一个比较状语从句的省略式，其完整形式是thantheyarecommonlysupposed.所以答案为B.2.Wewontgiveupweshouldfailtentimes.A.evenifB.sinceC.whetherD.until析：观察题干，空白处应填一表“即使”之意的词，故应选A.3.－Whatwasthepartylike?－Wonderful.ItsyearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since析：答话者既然说“Wonderful”,那么后面的话必然是对此作进一步的补充说明，只有选Ｄ项才能表达“我多年未曾这么开心过了”意思。注意这儿的since从句中谓语动词enjoyed是延续动词，该句相当于Ihaventenjuedmyselfsomuchforyears.4.Johnplaysfootball,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas析：ifnotbetterthan是插入语，可将其撇开，这时空白处要填aswellas才能与David相连接，D项在此不可用(so…as只能用于否定句)。A、C两项皆少as，故答案为B。5.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,greatitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever析：观察题目，可知空白处要填一词与great合表“无论多大”意。而however＝3nomatterhow,与great一起正好表此意，其余项都不能表这意思。故答案为C。6.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyFatherwasawayinFrance.A.asB.thatC.duringD.if析：首先可以排除C，因为during是介词，不能引导从句。B项that,Ｄ项if都不能引导原因状语，故只能选A、as表“因为”。7.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,,infactIwastalkingaboutmydanughter.A．whomB．whereC．whichD．while析：空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词，while可表“而”、“却”意，故答案为D.8.IadmithisgoodpointsIcanseehisbadones.A.whenB.asC.whileD.before析：若选A、B或D，admit应改为admitted，can应改为could,因为when,as表示“当…的时候”before表“在…之前”，通常涉及过去某时发生的动作、情况．此题选C，while在此不表“当…的时候”意，而表“虽然、尽管”意。全句意思是“尽管我承认他的优点，我还是看到他的缺点”。状语从句专练1.IgettoPairs,Illcallyouupattheairport.A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Altough2.theheadmastercomes,wewontdiscussthisplan.A.UnlessB.IfnotC.ExceptD.Whether3.Billmusthavebeenawayfromtheoffice.howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.A.WhateverB.NomatterC.InspiteofD.Though4.IhadbeentoBeijinglongyouvisitedit.A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when5.,heisgoodatdrawing.A.TobeachildB.AchildasheisC.AsachildD.Childasheis6.Dontbediscouragedyouhavefallenbehindothers.A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however7.Wecangetthereontimethecardoesntbreakdown.A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif8.Thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright,andnot.A.morenicer；soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter；a