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3(,310029)(,313200)ResearchesandApplicationofBiodiversityandItsMechanisminImprovingAgroecosystemProp2ertiesandEfficiency.WuJianjun,LiQuansheng(Agro2EcologyInstitute,ZhejiangAgriculturalUniversity,Hangzhou310029).BianZhuoping(OfficeofEcologicalAgricultureofDeqingCoun2ty,DeqingChengguanTown313200).ChineseJournalofEcology,1998,17(4):39-44.Currentresearchstateandtrendofbiodiversityanditsrelationshipswithstabilitywerebrieflyre2viewedinthepaper.Basedonsomecasesofagroecosystemsthatrationallyutilizedbiodiversity,mechanismofbiodiversityinimprovingagroecosystempropertiesandefficiencywereanalyzed.Thesewere:biodiversityexpandedthespatialandtrophicorfunctionalnicheofagroecosystems;strengthenedthebiologicalcomplementaritythroughitseffectsonhabitatenvironmentortrophicre2lationships;directlyorindirectlyimprovedthemicroclimateandsoilenvironment;andpromotedbi2ologicalrecyclingofnutrients.Thenecessityandsignificanceofstrengtheningresearchesonagroe2cosystembiodiversity,especiallythecurrentstateofbiodiversityofvariousagroecosystems;effectsofmanagementmeasuresonbiodiversity;transferanddynamicchangesofbiodiversityamongneigh2boringagroecosystemsandthetheoryandmethodologyofagroecosystembiodiversity,werethenex2plored.Keywords:biodiversity,agroecosystemproperties,agroecosystemefficiency,analysisofmechanism.3:,,1996,15(4):10.()[1],[2],,[3][4];[5],,,,,,1998,17(4)39-44ChineseJournalofEcology1,,40Fisher,,[2,6,7],SimpsonShannonPielou[7],ShannonSimpson[6],,,,(),[8],,,,Goodman():[2]:,[8],[9],,(),,()()(),,[6,10,11],()(),,,[1217],[18]04174[19,20],,,2,,,,7%21%,[21],5tha-11.952.73,,[22],55%,36%,12%,3.44.68.5tha-1[23],,(),,0.32%4440ha-1,,[24],--------,35tha-1712tha-1,13008600ha-1,[2527],600kgha-1,1ha3.6,,[28],,,,,,33.1,,,10m,2m,10m,2m45m,,,14:,,,,,,,,,,;,,;,,,,3.2,,,,,16%,[23],,,[22],50cm0.5,2,,[21],,;;,,,,[28]3.3,,,,,[29],,5.8%0.6tha-1[21],,,1m292.7121.5,168.3391.5,,,[22],,3.4,24174,,,,,12tha-1,4tha-1,5tha-1[21],(225ha-1)35tha-1,,NNPK[22],,,,,,4,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,[1]..,1994,(4):1-6.[2]Goodman,D.Thetheoryofdiversity-stabilityre2lationshipsinecology.TheQuarterlyReviewofBi2ology,1975,50(3):237-266.[3]..:,1987,26.[4]Conway,G.R.Thepropertiesofagroecosystems.AgriculturalSystems,1987,24(2):95-117.34:[5]Marten,G.G.Productivity,stability,sustainabili2ty,equitabilityandautonomyaspropertiesfora2groecosystemassessment.AgriculturalSystems,1988,26(4):291-316.[6]..,1993,(4):12-15.[7]Odum,E.P.BasicEcology.NewYork:SaundersCollegePublishing,1983.[8],..:..:,1990.[9],..,1991,11(4):361-366.[10],.90.,1992,11(6):67-73.[11][]M.E.()..:,1991.[12]Booij,C.J.H.andJ.Noorlander.Farmingsys2temsandinsectpredators.Agriculture,Ecosys2temsandEnvironment,1992,40(1-2):125-135.[13]Dennis,P.andG.L.A.Fry.Fieldmargins:cantheyenhancenaturalenemypopulationdensitiesandgeneralarthropoddiversityonfarmland?Agricul2ture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,1992,40(1-2):95-115.[14]Kromp,B.andK.H.Steinberger.Grassyfieldmarginsandarthropoddiversity:acasestudyongroundbeetlesandspidersineasternAustria.A2griculture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,1992,40(1-2):71-93.[15]Lagerlof,J.etal.Marginsofagriculturalfieldsashabitatsforpollinatinginsects.Agriculture,E2cosystemsandEnvironment,1992,40(1-2):117-124.[16]Altieri,M.A.Agroecologicalfoundationsofalterna2tiveagricultureinCalifornia.Agriculture,Ecosys2temsandEnvironment,1991,39(1-2):23-53.[17]Oriens,G.H.andP.Lack.Arablelands.Agri2culture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,1992,40(1-2):101-124.[18]..,1995,6(1):97-103.[19]..,1986,(1):1-5.[20]..,1994,13(5):23-25.[21]..,1991,10(3):37-40.[22]..,1994,13(1):13-16.[23]..,1991,10(2):25-28.[24]..,1994,13(4):1-6.[25],..,1991,10(3):27-32.[26]..,1987,(4):44-46.[27]..,1987,6(5):7-10.[28].--.,1994,13(5):1-4.[29]..,1991,10(3):22-26.(:199664,:78)(62)melatoninrhythminlong-andshort-dayrearedDjungarianhamsters.Experientia,1985,41:651-652.[11]Weaver,DR.andReppert,SM.Maternalmela2tonincommunicatesdaylengthtothefetusinDjun2garianhamster.Endocrinology,1986,119:2861-2863.[12]Weaver,DR.etal.Definitionofaprenatalsensitiveperiodformaternalfetalcommunicationofdaylength.Am.J.Physiol.1987,253(Endocrinol.Metab.16):E701-E704.[13]Klein,Dc.Evidencefortheplacentaltransferof3H2acetyl2melatonia.Nature,1972,237:118-119.[14]Carlson,LL.etal.MelatoninreceptorsandsignaltransductionduringdevelopmentinSiberianham2sters(phodopussungorus)Dev.Brain.Res.,1991,59:83-88.[15]Shaw,D.andGoldman,BD.InfluenceofprenatalphotoperiodsonpostnatalreproductiveresponsestodailyinfusionsofmelatoninintheSiberianhamster(phodopussungorus).Endocrinology,1995b,136:4231-4236.[16]Shaw,D.andGoldman,BD.Genderdifferencesininfluenceofprenatalphotoperiodsonpostnatalpinealmelatoninrhythmsandserumprolactinandfollicle-stimulatinghormoneintheSiberianhamster(phodopussungorus).Endocrinology,1995c,136:4237-4246.(:199762)44174