供应链管理第三版Unit11习题与答案

Chapter11ManagingUncertaintyintheSupplyChain:SafetyInventoryTrue/False1.Safetyinventoryisinventorycarriedforthepurposeofsatisfyingdemandthatexceedstheamountforecastedforagivenperiod.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate2.Safetyinventoryiscarriedbecausedemandforecastsareaccurateandaproductshortagemayresultiftheforecastdemandexceedstheactualdemand.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate3.Raisingthelevelofsafetyinventoryincreasesproductavailabilityandthusthemargincapturedfromcustomerpurchases.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate4.Raisingthelevelofsafetyinventoryincreasesinventoryholdingcosts.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy5.Carryingexcessiveinventorycanhelpcounterdemandvolatilitywhennewproductscomeonthemarket.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate6.Theappropriatelevelofsafetyinventoryisdeterminedbytheuncertaintyofbothdemandandsupplyandthedesiredlevelofcycleinventory.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate7.Astheuncertaintyofsupplyordemandgrows,therequiredlevelofsafetyinventoriesincreases.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate8.Asthedesiredlevelofproductavailabilityincreases,therequiredlevelofsafetyinventorydecreases.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy9.Leadtimeisthegapbetweenwhenanorderisplacedandwhenitisreceived.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy10.Thecoefficientofvariationmeasuresthesizeoftherelativecertaintyofcycleinventory.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy11.Productavailabilityreflectsafirm’sabilitytofillacustomerorderoutofavailableinventory.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate12.Orderfillrateisthefractionofproductdemandthatissatisfiedfromproductininventory.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate13.Productfillrateisthefractionofproductdemandthatissatisfiedfromproductininventory.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate14.Thedistinctionbetweenproductfillrateandorderfillrateissignificantinasingleproductsituation.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard15.Trackingorderfillratesisimportantwhencustomersplaceahighvalueontheentireorderbeingfilledsimultaneously.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy16.Withcontinuousreview,inventoryiscontinuouslytrackedandanorderforalotsizeQisplacedatregularintervalsoftime.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard17.Withperiodicreview,inventorystatusischeckedatregularintervalsandanorderisplacedtoraisetheinventoryleveltoaspecifiedthreshold.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Hard18.Theexpectedshortageperreplenishmentcycle(ESC)istheaverageunitsofdemandthataresatisfiedfrominventoryinstockperreplenishmentcycle.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard19.AshortageoccursinareplenishmentcycleonlyifthedemandduringtheleadtimeexceedstheROP.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate20.Thefillrateincreasesandthecycleserviceleveldecreasesasthesafetyinventoryisincreased.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate21.Forthesamesafetyinventory,anincreaseinlotsizeincreasesthefillratebutnotthecycleservicelevel.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Hard22.Therequiredsafetyinventorygrowsrapidlywithadecreaseinthedesiredproductavailability.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy23.Therequiredsafetyinventoryincreaseswithanincreaseintheleadtimeandthestandarddeviationofperiodicdemand.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy24.Agoalofanysupplychainmanageristoreducethelevelofsafetyinventoryrequiredregardlessoftheaffectproductavailability.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy25.Inmostsupplychains,thekeytoreducingtheunderlyingforecastuncertaintyistolinkallforecaststhroughoutthesupplychaintocustomerdemanddata.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate26.Areductioninsupplycanhelpdramaticallyreducesafetyinventoryrequiredwithouthurtingproductavailability.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate27.Aggregationreducesthestandarddeviationofdemandonlyifdemandacrosstheregionsbeingaggregatedisnotperfectlypositivelycorrelated.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate28.Incasedemandindifferentgeographicalregionsisaboutthesamesizeandindependent,aggregationincreasessafetyinventorybythesquarerootofthenumberofareasaggregated.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate29.Ifaggregationreducestherequiredsafetyinventoryforaproductbyasmallamount,itmaybebesttocarrytheproductinmultipledecentralizedlocationstoreduceresponsetimeandtransportationcost.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate30.Thelowerthecoefficientofvariationofanitem,thegreaterthereductioninsafetyinventoriesasaresultofcentralization.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard31.Manufacturer-drivensubstitutionincreasesoverallprofitabilityforthemanufacturerbyallowingsomeaggregationofdemand,whichreducestheinventoryrequirementsforthesamelevelofavailability.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate32.Postponementallowsthesupplychaintodelayproductdifferentiation,whichresultsindisaggregatingmostoftheinventoriesinthesupplychain.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate33.Periodicreviewpoliciesrequiremoresafetyinventorythancontinuousreviewpoliciesforthesamelevelofproductavailability.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy34.Whenusingacontinuousreviewpolicy,amanagerhastoaccountfortheuncertaintyofdemandduringtheleadtimeandthereviewinterval.Answer:FalseDifficulty:EasyMultipleChoice1.Inventorycarriedforthepurposeofsatisfyingdemandthatexceedstheamountforecastedforagivenperiodisa.cycleinventory.b.demandinventory.c.safetyinventory.d.securityinventory.e.alloftheaboveAnswer:cDifficulty:Easy2.Safetyinventoryiscarriedbecausea.