供应链管理第三版Unit14习题与答案

Chapter14TransportationintheSupplyChainTrue/False1.Transportationplaysakeyroleineverysupplychainbecauseproductsareusuallyproducedandconsumedinthesamelocation.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy2.FreighttransportationcostsintheUnitedStatesamounttoabout6percentoftheGDP.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate3.Theshipperisthepartythatrequiresthemovementoftheproductbetweentwopointsinthesupplychain.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate4.Thecarrieristhepartythatmovesortransportstheproduct.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy5.Adistributormakesinvestmentdecisionsregardingthetransportationinfrastructureandthenmakesoperatingdecisionstotrytomaximizethereturnfromtheseassets.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard6.Acarrierusestransportationtominimizethetotalcost(transportation,inventory,information,andfacility)whileprovidinganappropriatelevelofresponsivenesstothecustomer.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Hard7.Thevehicle-relatedcostisincurredwhetherthevehicleisoperatingornotandisconsideredfixedforshort-termoperationaldecisionsbythecarrier.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate8.Vehicle-relatedcostincludesanycostassociatedwithterminals,airportgates,andlaborthatareincurredwhethervehiclesareinoperationornot.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate9.Trip-relatedcostdependsonthelengthanddurationofthetripbutisindependentofthequantityshipped.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy10.Trip-relatedcostincludesloading/unloadingcostsandaportionofthefuelcostthatvarieswiththequantitybeingtransported.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy11.Overheadcostincludesthecostofplanningandschedulingatransportationnetworkaswellasanyinvestmentininformationtechnology.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate12.Acarrier’sdecisionsareaffectedbythepricesthatthemarketwillbear,butnottheresponsivenessitseekstoprovideitstargetsegment.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate13.Transportationcostdependsonthepricesofferedbydifferentcarriersandtheextenttowhichtheshipperusesinexpensiveandslow,orexpensiveandfast,meansoftransportation.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy14.RailisthedominantmodeoffreighttransportationintheUnitedStatesandaccountsforover75percentofthenation’sfreightbill.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate15.Amilkrunisarouteinwhichatruckeitherdeliversproductfromasinglesuppliertomultipleretailersorgoesfrommultiplesupplierstoasingleretailer.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy16.Milkrunsreduceoutboundtransportationcostsbyconsolidatinglargeshipments.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Easy17.Companiesshouldevaluatedifferenttransportationoptionsintermsofvariouscostsaswellasrevenuesandthenrankthemaccordingtocoordinationcomplexity.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Hard18.Themodeoftransportationthatresultsinthelowesttransportationcostwilllowertotalcostsforasupplychain.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate19.Ignoringinventorycostswhenmakingtransportationdecisionscanresultinchoicesthatworsentheperformanceofasupplychain.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate20.Firmscansignificantlyreducethesafetyinventorytheyrequirebyphysicallyaggregatinginventoriesinonelocation,whichwillalsodecreasetransportationcost.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate21.Temporalaggregationdecreasesafirm’sresponsivenessbecauseofshippingdelaybutalsodecreasestransportationcostsbecauseofeconomiesofscalethatresultfromlargershipments.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy22.Afirmcanmeetcustomerneedsbyusingtailoredtransportationtoprovidetheappropriatetransportationchoicebasedoncustomerandproductcharacteristics,butatahighercost.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate23.Tailoredtransportationistheuseofdifferenttransportationnetworksandmodesbasedoncustomerandproductcharacteristics.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Easy24.Themostimportantoperationaldecisionrelatedtotransportationinasupplychainistheroutingandschedulingofdeliveries.Answer:TrueDifficulty:Moderate25.Thegeneralizedassignmentmethodislesssophisticatedthanthesavingsmatrixmethodandusuallyresultsinbettersolutionswhentherearefewdeliveryconstraintstobesatisfied.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate26.Themaindisadvantageofthegeneralizedassignmentmethodisitssimplicityandrobustness.Answer:FalseDifficulty:Moderate27.Thesavingsmatrixmethodissimpleenoughtobeeasilymodifiedtoincludedeliverytimewindowsandotherconstraints,androbustenoughtogiveareasonablygoodsolutionthatcanbeimplementedinpractice.Answer:TrueDifficulty:ModerateMultipleChoice1.Themovementofproductfromonelocationtoanotherasitmakesitswayfromthebeginningofasupplychaintothecustomer’shandsisreferredtoasa.transportation.b.retailing.c.distribution.d.manufacturing.e.noneoftheaboveAnswer:aDifficulty:Moderate2.Transportationplaysakeyroleineverysupplychainbecausea.productsarenormallyproducedandconsumedinthesamelocation.b.productsarerarelyproducedandconsumedinthesamelocation.c.thecostoftransportationisinconsequential.d.transportationisnotafactorindeterminingprofitability.e.noneoftheaboveAnswer:bDifficulty:Easy3.FreighttransportationcostsintheUnitedStatesamounttoa.about60percentoftheGDP.b.about16percentoftheGDP.c.about6percentoftheGDP.d.lessthan1percentoftheGDP.e.noneoftheaboveAnswer:eDifficulty:Hard4.Thekeyplayersinanytransportationthattakesplacewithinasupplychainarea.theshipperandthereceiver.b.theshipperandthesupplier