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石油勘探必备核心词汇0.常用单位及简单换算（1）长度、面积、体积单位英尺：feet1feet=0.3米1平方千米(km²)=10763910.41671平方英尺(sq.ft)立方米：Cubicmetre【ˈkju:bɪk】百万桶油当量：MMBOE【Millionmetricbarrelsoilequivalents】百万桶：MMBBLS【Millionmetricbluebarrels】桶：bbls【bluebarrels】1桶=0.14吨，1吨=7.33桶，1桶=0.159方，1百万桶=14万吨=15.9（16）万方；1万吨=0.0629百万桶（2）密度单位API度，数值越大，原油越轻API=141.5/ρ-131.5ρ=141.5/（API+131.5）按原油的密度分类：轻质原油：34API；852kg/m3(20℃)中质原油：34～20API；852～930kg/m3(20℃)重质原油：20～10API；931～998kg/m3(20℃)特稠原油：10API；998kg/m3(20℃)（3）汽油比GORSCF:standardcubic1Scf/bbl=0.178m3/m31.勘探概况（1）井类型目的层targetstratum含油层oil-bearinghorizon含油层系oil-bearingsequence围区井（邻井）surroundingwells总井数allwells/totalwells商业成功井Commercialsuccesswell[kəˈmɜ:rʃl]地质成功井geologicalsuccessfulwell/technicalsuccesswell油气显示井oilandgasshowwell失利井failurewell取心井coringhole参数井parameterwell探井prospectingwell,exploratorywell预探井(曾用名野猫井)preliminaryprospectingwell,wildcat发现井discoverywell详探井detailedprospectingwell探边井delineationwell,extensionwell评价井assessmentwell,appraisalwell,evaluationwell开发井developmentwell生产井producingwell,producer（2）油气显示油气显示indicationofoilandgas,oilandgasshow饱含油oilsaturated富含油Richinoil油浸oilimmersed油斑oilpatch;oilstain荧光fluorescence油气苗oilandgasseepage沥青苗asphaltseepage[ˈæsfɔ:lt]沥青砂(曾用名重油砂、焦油砂)tarsand油砂oilsand试井welltesting试油testingforoil试采productiontesting(3)勘探成效圈闭发现率trapdiscoveryratio圈闭勘探成功率trapexplorationsuccessratio储量增长率reservesincreaseratio勘探效率explorationefficiency[ɪˈfɪʃənsi]勘探成本explorationcost探井成本costofprospectingwell商业油气流commercialoilandgasflow单井产量wellproductionrate年产量annualoutput,annualyield失利原因Causesoffailure：trap/reservoir/Containment/seal/Charge2.区域地质区域地震（地质）剖面RegionalGeoseismic（geological）Section地层综合柱状图comprehensivestratigraphiccolumn区域钻井对比剖面RegionalwellscorrelationSection区域构造图Regionalstructuremap地层和含油气体系综合图StratigraphyandPetroleumSystem2.1地层年代Stratigraphicchronology冲积层Alluvium全新世Holocence第四纪Quaternary更新世Pleistocene[ˈplaɪstəˌsin]上新世Piocene中新世Miocene渐新世Oligocene[ɔˈliɡəusi:n]始新世Eocene新生代Cenozoic[ˌsi:nəˈzəuik]古新世Palaecocene第三纪Tertiary[ˈtɜ:rʃieri]新第三纪Neogene古第三纪Palaeogene白垩纪Cretaceous侏罗纪Jurrassic中生代Mesozoic三叠纪Triassic[traiˈæsik]二叠纪Permian石炭纪Carboniferous[ˌkɑ:bə'nɪfərəs]泥盆纪Devonian[deˈvəuniən]志留纪Silurian[saiˈljuəriən,si-]奥陶纪Ordovician[ˌɔ:dəˈviʃən]古生代Palaezoic寒武纪Cambrian[ˈkæmbriən]前寒武代Pre-Cambrian太古代Archaean[ɑrˈkiən]2.2盆地类型大陆边缘continentalmargin活动大陆边缘activecontinentalmargin被动大陆边缘passivecontinentalmargin大陆漂移continentaldrift板块碰撞platecollision大陆增生continentalaccretion岛弧islandarc海沟trench沟弧盆系trench-arc-basinsystem弧前盆地fore-arcbasin弧后盆地back-arcbasin,retroarcbasin弧间盆地interarcbasin边缘海盆地marginalseabasin坳拉槽盆地aulacogen['ɔ:ləkədʒen]斜坡盆地slopebasin大陆边缘断陷盆地continent-marginalfaultedbasin大陆边缘三角洲盆地continental-marginaldeltabasin裂谷盆地riftbasin内克拉通盆地intracratonicbasin周缘前陆盆地peripheralforelandbasin[pəˈrɪfərəl]弧后前陆盆地retroarcforelandbasin破裂前陆盆地brokenforelandbasin山前坳陷盆地piedmontdepressionbasin复合型盆地compositebasin山间盆地intermontainebasin残留大洋盆地remnantoceanbasin原始大洋裂谷盆地protoceanicriftbasin新生大洋盆地nascentoceanbasin深海平原盆地dep-seaplainbasin扭张盆地transtensionalbasin扭压盆地transpressionalbasin拉分盆地pull-apartbasin洋壳型盆地ocean-crusttypebasin过渡壳型盆地transition-crusttypebasin陆壳型盆地continental-crustbasin多旋回盆地polycyclicbasin块断盆地blockfaultbasin地堑盆地grabenbasin含油气大区petroliferousprovince含油气盆地petroliferousbasin含油气区petroliferousregion油气聚集带petroleumaccumulationzone盆地分析basinanalysis3.烃源岩评价常用例句：烃源岩有钻井钻遇吗？Arethereanywellspenetrated['penɪtreɪtɪd]thehydrocarbonsourcerock?烃源岩是哪个层系的？是海相的还是陆相的？Whichformationisthehydrocarbonsourcerock?Itismarineornonmarine?干酪根类型是哪一种类型？Whichtypeisthekerogen?地温梯度是多少？Whatisthegradientofgeothermal?有效烃源岩面积时多大？Whatistheareaoftheeffectivehydrocarbonsource?TOC是多少？Whatisthetotalorganiccarbon生烃门限是多深？Whatisthedepthofhydrocarbongenerationthreshold?（1）干酪根类型kerogentypes['kerədʒən]烃源灶Hydrocarbonsourcekitchen生烃层系sourcebed油页岩oilshale海相生油marineorigin陆相生油nonmarineorigin有效烃源层effectivehydrocarbonsourcebed潜在烃源层potentialhydrocarbonsourcebed腐泥质sapropelicsubstance腐殖质humicsubstance腐泥型干酪根(又称Ⅰ型干酪根)sapropel-typekerogen,Ⅰ-typekerogen混合型干酪根(又称Ⅱ型干酪根)mixed-typekerogen,Ⅱ-typekerogen腐殖型干酪根(又称Ⅲ型干酪根)humic-typekerogen,Ⅲ-typekerogen(2)有机质丰度organicmatterabundance生油指标sourcerockindex有机质丰度organicmatterabundance有机碳organiccarbonTOC:Totalorganiccarbon定碳比carbonratio孢粉颜色指数sporopollencolorindex氢碳原子比hydrogentocarbonatomicratio,H/C氧碳原子比oxygentocarbonratio,O/C氢指数hydrogenindex,HI氧指数oxygenindex,OI（3）有机质成熟度organicmattermaturity镜质组反射率(符号Ro)vitrinitereflectance地温geothermal地温梯度geothermalgradient有机质演化organicmatterevolution生物化学降解作用biochemicaldegragation生物化学生气阶段biochemicalgas-genousstage热催化生油气阶段thermo-catalyticoil-gas-geneousstage热裂解生凝析气阶段thermo-crackingcondensate-geneousstage深部高温生气阶段deeppyrometricgas-geneousstage未成熟期immaturephase成熟期maturephase过熟期postmaturephase生油门限thresholdofoilgeneration液态窗(又称主要生油期)liquidwindow死亡线deathline（4）烃源岩潜力Hydrocarbongeneratingpotential资源量totalamountresources有效烃源岩面积effectivesourcebedarea（5）油源对比Oil-sourcerockcorrelation油源对比oilandresourcerockcorrelation气源对比gasandresourcerockcorrelation生物标志化]物biomarker,biologicalmarker（6）天然气类型天然气成因类型genetictypesofnaturalgas无机成因气inorganicgeneticgas,abiogeneticgas火山气valcan