中高级口译证书高频翻译考点港澳台背景(Background)香港香港是中国的一部分。自古以来,我们的祖先在这块土地上劳动、生活。历史上从秦代到清朝,中国一直对香港实行管辖,行使主权。19世纪中叶,英国发动两次鸦片战争,迫使腐败无能的清政府签订了不平等条约并于1898年侵占了整个香港地区。香港于1997年7月1日回归祖国,现有人口约630万。HongKongisaninalienablepartofChina.Sinceancienttimes,ourancestorslivedandlaboredonthisland.HistoricallyfromtheQingDynastytotheQingDynasty,ChinaexercisedjurisdictionandsovereigntyoverHongKong.Inmid-19thcenturyafterlaunchingtwoOpiumWars,BritainforcedthecorruptandincompetentQinggovermenttosigntheunequaltreaties.In1898,BritainoccupiedtheentireHongKongregion.OnJuly1,1997,HongKongfinallyreturnedtothemotherland.Ithasapopulationof6.3million.◆香港同胞有着光荣的爱国主义传统HongKongcompatriotshaveagloriouspatriotictradition.◆一国两制、港人治港及高度自治等基本方针将不会改变Thebasicpoliciesofonecountry,twosystems,HongKongpeopleadministeringHongKongandahighdegreeofautonomywillremainunchanged.◆香港将继续保持作为国际财经金融中心的地位HongKongwillcontinuetoretainitsstatusoffunctioningasaninternationalfinancialcenter◆未来的香港,人人都有平等竞争的机会InfutureHongKong,everyonewillbegivenanequalrightforcompetition澳门自古以来,澳门就是中国的领土。我们的祖先很早就开始在澳门生活。16世纪中期,葡萄牙人行贿中国朝廷官员,获准借澳门暂住。19世纪鸦片战争前,葡萄牙人已完全控制了澳门。1887年清政府被迫签订了不平等的《中葡条约》。1987年,中葡签订了中葡联合声明,宣布澳门为中国领土,中国政府将于1999年12月20日对其恢复行使主权。澳门于1999年12月20日回归祖国;现有人口约45万。MacaoishistoricallyChineseterritoryandtheancestorsoftheChinesepeoplestartedtoliveinMacaoasearlyastheNewStoneAge.Duringthemid-16thcentury,thePortuguesebribedChineseofficialsandobtainedpermissiontoliveontheMacaoPeninsulatemporarily.Inthe19thcentury,thePortuguesetookfullcontroloverMacaointhewakeoftheOpiumWar.In1887,theQingGovernmentwasforcedtosignanunequaltreatyandPortuguesestayedinMacaopermanently.In1987,ChinaandPortugalsignedtheSino=PortugueseJointDeclarationwhichdeclaredMacaoisChineseterritoryandthattheChineseGovernmentwouldresumetheexerciseofsovereigntyoveritfromDecember20,1999.Itnowhasapopulationofabout450,000.◆澳门的回归将从此结束外国在中国土地上统治耻辱的年代Macao'sreturnwillendyearsofhumiliatingforeignruleoverChineseland.◆澳门社会市中西文化融合,同时也是连结海峡两岸的桥梁MacaosocietyisablendofChineseandWesternculturesandactsasabridgelinkingthetwosidesoftheTaiwanStraits.台湾◆台湾市中国领土不可分割的一部分。1895年,日本通过侵华战争强迫清政府签订不平等的《马关条约》,霸占了台湾。1945年,中国政府新恢复对台湾行使主权。台湾现有人口约2094万。TaiwanisaninalienablepartofChina.In1895,throughawarofaggressionagainstChina,JapanforcedtheQingGovernmenttosigntheunequalTreatyofShimonoseki,andforciblyoccupiedTaiwan.In1945,theChineseGovernmentrecoveredTaiwan,resumingtheexerciseofsovereigntyoverTaiwan.Taiwanhasapopulationofabout20.94million.◆一个中国原则是实现和平统一的基础和前提Theone-Chinaprincipleisthebasisandprerequisiteforachievingpeacefulreunification◆在一个中国原则下,什么问题都可以谈Anyquestioncanbediscussedunderone-Chinaprinciple.◆不能允许台湾问题的解决再无限期地拖下去了ThepeopleofthewholeofChinacannotallowtheresolutionoftheTaiwanissuetobedraggedonindefinitely.◆台湾新领导人的选举,并不能改变台湾是中国领土的一部分的事实TheelectionofanewleaderinTaiwancannotchangethefactthatTaiwanispartofChineseterritory◆我们解决台湾问题的原则是和平统一祖国和一国两制OurguidelineforsolvingtheTaiwanquestionispeacefulreunificationandtheonecountry,twosystems◆台湾当局必须抛弃两国论TheTaiwaneseauthoritiesmustabandontwostatesstatement方针(MajorPolicies)一个国家,两种制度Onecountry,twosystems.◆港人治港HongKongpeopleadministerHongKong◆澳人治澳MacaopeopleadministerMacao◆一个中国的原则One-Chinaprinciple◆和平统一祖国Peacefulreunificationofthemotherland◆高度自治ahighdegreeofautonomy改革开放基本观点(BasicViewpoints)◆发展是硬道理Developmentisthemainprinciple◆深化改革,加强和改善宏观调控Deepenreformandstrengthenandimprovemacro-control◆在我国现代化过程中,我们必须始终坚持一手抓物质文明,一手抓精神文明。IntheprocessofChina'smodernization,wemustalwaysworkformaterialprogressandatthesametimeforculturalandethicalprogress◆深化改革为国民经济和社会发展注入了新的活力。Thedeepenedreformhasinjectedaflowoffreshvitalityintoournationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment.◆市场也有盲目性和局限性。Themarketisunplannedandhasitslimitations.◆国有企业改革是当前经济体制改革的重点。Thereformofstate-ownedenterprisesistheprincipaltaskoftheon-goingeconomicrestructuring◆我们要继续扩大对外开放,并形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的开放格局。Wemustcontinueanomni-directional,multilevelandwide-rangeopeningtotheoutsideworld.◆国民经济市场化、社会的程度得到明显提高。Thenationaleconomyisnotablymoremarket-orientedandsocialized.时代观点◆深入学习邓小平理论。StudyDengXiaopingTheorydeeply◆治国现治党,治党必从严。Torulethecountry,firstruletheParty,andwithastronghand◆加强廉政建设,惩治贪污腐败。Workhardertobuildanhonestgovernment,punishgraftandcorruption◆让雷锋精神永驻心间。LettheLeiFengspiritbeinyourheartyear-round◆我们既面临难得的机遇,也面临严峻的挑战。Wearefacedwithbotharareopportunityandgravechallenges.◆实践是检验真理的唯一标准。Practiceisthesolecriterionforjudgingtruth.◆打破垄断,鼓励竞争。扩大内需促繁荣。Encouragedomesticdemandandpromoteprosperity.◆保护地球环境-人类共有的家园。Protecttheearth'senvironment-thehomelandofallmankind.◆保护环境是每个公民的责任与义务。Protectingenvironmentiseverycitizen'sresponsibilityandmoralduty.◆为子孙后代留下青山绿水。Preservethegreenmountainsandclearriversforposterity◆治理大气污染,还城市一片蓝天!Controlairpollutionandbringbackcity'sbluesky!◆污染者应该承担污染的代价。Thepollutershouldpay.◆全社会都来关心再就业。Ourentiresocietyshouldbeinvolvedintheefforttofindnewjobsforlaid-offworkers.◆积极参加下岗再就业培训。Laid-offemployeesshouldtakefulladvantageofretrainingprograms.◆下岗是对生产力的一次大解放-给自己一个重新选择的机会。Layoffsareagreatliberationofproductiveforces-giveyourselfachancetomakeafreshchoice.◆消费可以刺激经济发展。Consumerbuyingcanbuilduptheeconomy.◆中国加