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课题：代词专题导学案学科英语授课班级及时间36班37班4月16日至4月23日主备人罗春友项目备课组修改意见一、学习目标：代词的综合运用二、重难点重点：代词的分类及功能难点：不定代词的运用三、预习提纲：(一)知识概要英语中代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词词主要有主格和宾格之别。请看下表人称我你他她它我们你们他们主格iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。请人称我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsoursyourthey名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词可见下表人称我你他她它我们你们他们反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselfthemselves指示代词主要有this,that,these,those疑问代词有：who,whomwhose,what,which,还有疑问副词when,how,where,why。不定代词在初中课本中主要有some,any，many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either…不定代词用法注意点：1.one,some与any:1)one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。Oneshouldlearntothinkofothers.Haveyouanybookmarks?No,Idon’thaveanybookmarks.Ihavesomequestionstoask.2)some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Wouldyoulikesomebananas?Couldyougivemesomemoney?3)some和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。Ihavereadthisarticleinsomemagazine.Pleasecorrectthemistakes,ifany.4)some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。Therearesome3,000studentsinthisschool.Doyoufeelanybettertoday?2.each和every:each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。Eachstudenthasapocketdictionary./Each(ofus)hasadictionary./Weeachhaveadictionary.Everystudenthasstrongandweakpoints./Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.3.none和no：no等于notany，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?None.Noneofthestudentsare(is)afraidofdifficulties.4.other和another:1)other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：theotherday,everyotherweek,someotherreason,nootherway,theother特指两者中的另外一个，复数为theothers。如：Heheldabookinonehandandhisnotesintheother.Twostudentsinourclassfailed,butalltheotherspassedtheexam.2)another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如：Idon’tlikethisshirt,pleaseshowmeanother(one).Thetrousersaretoolong,pleasegivemeanotherpair/someothers.Somelikefootball,whileotherslikebasketball.5.all和both,neither和eitherall表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.AllofthebooksarenotwritteninEnglish./NotallofthebooksarewritteninEnglish.Bothofusarenotteachers./Notbothofusareteachers./Eitherofusisateacher.四、自主合作学习提纲：正误辨析［误］Tom'smotheristallerthanmy.［正］Tom'smotheristallerthanmine.［析］形容词性物主代词可以作定语，也就是讲它可以作形容词，如：mybook，而这句话的意思是：汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是mymother,也就是mine。［误］Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.［正］Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.［析］在应用代词时，要注意人称，格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework，所以应用it。［误］Heandyoushouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.［正］Youandheshouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.［析］这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you,he,she,I,而复数时为we,you，they:如男女并列时，应先男后女，如：Heandshe…如果在表示不好意思，承担责任时，单数时用，I,he,she,you,复数时用They,you，we,如：TomandIaregoodfriends.You,heandImustgotoplaythegameforourteamthisafternoon.We,youandtheyhavebeentherebefore.I,heandyouhavetopayforit.［误］Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.［正］Heorhisbrotherisdoinghishomework.［析］由either…or,neither…nor,or连接两个主语时，如果两主语是单数时，用单数代词，如两主语是复数时，用复数代词，如：Eitherteachersorstudentswanttodotheirbesttohelptheoldman.如是一单一复两名词时，一般将单数名词放在前，复数名词放在后，要用复数代词，如：Theteacherorhisstudentswillcleantheirclassroomtogether.［误］Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.［正］Hisbrotheristallerthanhe.［析］than是连词，其后应视为省略句，thanheis.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.［正］Ilikeyouasmuchasher.［析］as…as其后也应看作是省略句。应为asIlikeher.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。［误］Myselfdidityesterday.［正］Imyselfdidityesterday.［正］Ididitmyselfyesterday.［析］反身代词不可作主语，但可以用作主语的同位语［误］Takecareofourselves.［正］Takecareofyourselves.(yourself)［析］祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.［误］Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyourself.［正］Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyou.［析］反身代词不能作介词宾语，除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语，如：Theoldwomanspoketoherself.［误］Makeyourselfhome.［正］Makeyourselfathome.［析］这是英语中的习惯用法，意为“像在家里一样”。这样的用法还有：enjoyoneself玩得开心makeyourselfathome像在家中一样helpyourselftosomething自己拿某物lostoneself迷路seatoneself就坐dressoneself穿衣［误］—Who'sthisspeaking.—That'sMary.［正］—Who'sthatspeaking.—ThisisMary.［析］在电话用语中，this指讲话人自己，而that指对方。［误］Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.［正］Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.［析］在比较句中往往为了避免重复，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是单数时用that,复数时用those，如：TheweatherinBeijingishotterthanthatinChangChun.［误］Itissoagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.［正］Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.［正］Itissogoodabookthateveryonelikestoread.［析］在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句，也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时，只用such,如：ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwanttogoswimming.TheyaresuchgoodbooksthatIwanttobuythemall.在many,much,few,little这4个词前仅能用so,如：Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuyeverythingshewants.而在so与that之间仅存形容词时，则不能用such,如:Sheissosweetthateveryonelikesher.［误］Iwanttobuyasamedictionaryasyours.［正］Iwanttobuythesamedictionaryasyours.［析］same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有allthesame(仍然)。［误］—Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.—Idon'thopeso.［正］—Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.—Ihopenot.［析］在作肯定回答时，Ithinkso.Ihopeso.Ibelieveso.但作否定回答时为：Idon'tthinkso.Ihope/believenot.［误］—Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Soshedid.［正］—Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Sodidshe.［误］—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soisit.［正］—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soitis.［析］在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语