••••••Ekoviikki••••••()••••••warmwatercirculationdistrictheatingradiatornetworkenergystoragecollectorarea2coldwater(=BIPV)•BIPV:1)(PV),2)•••:•,,•courtesy:NAPSSystemsLtdTransparentroofPVPVroofPVfaçade(cold)PVshadingSemitrans-parentPVPVfaçade(warm)ConnectiontogridViikkiEkoviikkiEkoviikki–•Viikki1995-2010•Ekoviikki(•:“”•201010,000•Ekoviikki1999-2004•8and1BIPV,1PV•Ekoviikki(PIMWAG)Ekoviikki–Ekoviikki•64,000m2•80250m2;1,400m2•300-450kWh/m2•30-50%EkoviikkiBIPV•24kWPV()•PV•PV•ITPV•PV•SOLPROSEkoviikki–•:••()••(,,•••“PV”•1kW(8m2)•••50kWh/m2••30-50%••OPTISOL•,,,TechnologydatabaseClient’sboundaryconditionsOPTISOLOptimalstrategyAlternativedecisioncriteria-10-5051015202530123456789101112MonthMonthlyaverageambienttemperature,C-degHELSINKIBEIJINGTIANJIN••,,••1500m2(20-30)••55kWPV,150m2•PV,••Uwindow=1.2,Uwall=0.15W/m2K•/••19-27oC•050100150200250123456789101112MonthGlobalsolarradiation,kWh/m2permonthHELSINKIBEIJINGTIANJIN-4000-20000200040006000800010000123456789101112MonthEnergy,kWh/monCoolingdemandElectricitydemandElectricityfromgrid(+from,-to)••CO2SO2••100-120$/m2,5%•100%;1/2-100000-50000050000100000SpaceheatHotwaterCoolingdemandElectricitydemandSolarheatSolarPVYearlyenegybalance,kWh•••100%••=