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Page1Greenenergy——Producer:Tommy、Jeremy、Sam、DamonPage2Whatisgreenenergy?Greenenergyisenergythatisproducedinsuchawayastominimizeitsnegativeimpactontheenvironment.suchassolar,hydroenergy,wind,andhydrogenenergy.Evennuclearenergyissometimesconsideredagreenenergysource,becausesometypesofnucleartechnologyproducemuchlesswastethanoilandcoal.Page3Traditionalenergysources,mostnotablyfossilfuels,producegreenhousegasesthatarebelievedtobetheprimarycauseofaneffectknownasglobalwarmingorclimatechangeandpollutetheenvironment.Atthesametimetheenergycrisisalsomakesgreenenergyinamoreprominentpositionwhygreenenergyisimportant?Page4HydroenergyHydroenergyissimpleenergythatistakenfromwaterandconvertedintoelectricity.Hydroenergyarisesduetopotentialenergyofwater.Indams,waterisstoredathighlevel.Itmakespressurewhichrunsturbinecoupledtogeneratorandmakeselectricity.Page5Table1showsthattheutilizationrateofhydropowerinthedevelopedcountriesareveryhigh,especiallyinEuropecountries!It'sknowntoallthattheenvironmentofthesecountriesisfirst-rate.Page6Thedisadvantagesarethatthechangeinwaterflowwilleffectthefishandmakingspacetoputthehydrofacilitycancausethedeathsofplantsandanimalsaswellasdestructionofhabitat.Itcankilllotsoffishy.Also,itaffectstheriverdownstreamfromthedambuilt.Page7WindEnergyWhatiswindenergy?Page8WINDPage9Howiswindenergycollected?Page10windhasbeenusedforcenturiestoempowerwindmillstomillwheatorpumpwater.Page11Page12Whereiswindenergycollected?Page13Thisenergycanbeharnessedinareassubjecttoreasonablyconsistentandstrongwinds.Theymaybelargeareasofflatlandorthosenearcoaststhataresubjecttoprevailingwinds.Page14InChina,windenergycanbeeffectivelyharnessedinareaslocatedinNorth,NorthwestandNortheast.Page15锐普PPT论坛chinakui首发:16Page17HydrogenEnergyPage18IntroductionofHydrogenAsweallknow,hydrogenislocatedinthefirstplaceoftheperiodictableoftheelements.Itisthesmallestone,butthemostcommonelementintheuniverse.TheCosmosH:75%TheSunH:84%TheEarthQHofwater≈9000QFossilFuelPage19AdvantagesCoalwillrunoutaround2200.Petroleumwillrunoutaround2050.Naturalgaswillrunoutaround2070.H2O→H2+1/2O2H2+1/2O2→H2OTheoreticallyhydrogenwillmaintainforeverHydrogenCombustionNODUSTNOSO2NOCO2Page20ProblemandProspectProducingofhydrogengascostsalotatpresent.OneidealwaytogetH2isinventingasuitablecatalystonwhichwatercandecomposetoH2andO2directlywithsunshine.Page21ThetechnologyofhydrogenstoragemustbeenormouslyimprovedbeforeHydrogenEnergybeingwidelyused.Fortunately,manyscientistsdevotethemselvestothisfieldandaseriesofmaterialshavebeendeveloped.Thoughthesematerialsallhavedifferentproblemsnow,wewillinventapropermaterialforhydrogenstorageinthenearfuture.ProblemandProspectPage22NuclearpowerFundamentalsofnuclearpowerAdvantagesanddisadvantagesofnuclearpowerDevelopmentofnuclearpowerNuclearpowerplantaccidentsPage23FundamentalsofnuclearpowerNuclearpower,ornuclearenergy,istheuseofexothermic(放热)nuclearprocesses,togenerateusefulheatandelectricity.Thetermincludesnuclearfission,nucleardecayandnuclearfusion.ThefundamentalreasonforthenuclearpowerisAlbertEinstein'sformulaE=mc2,expressingtheequivalenceofenergyandmass.Bythisformula,addingenergyalsoincreasesmass(bothweightandinertia),whereasremovingenergydecreasesmass.Whennucleonsbindtogethertoformanucleus,theymustloseasmallamountofmass,i.e.,thereismasschange,inordertostaybound.Thismasschangemustbereleasedasvarioustypesofphotonorotherparticleenergyasabove,accordingtotherelationE=mc2.Page24Nuclearfission:thenucleusofaparticlesplitsintosmallerparts(lighternuclei).Thefissionprocessoftenproducesfreeneutronsandphotons(intheformofgammarays),andreleasesaverylargeamountofenergy.heavyelementslightelementsNuclearfusion:anuclearreactioninwhichtwoormoreatomicnucleicollideataveryhighspeedandjointoformanewtypeofatomicnucleus.Duringthisprocess,matterisnotconservedbecausesomeofthemassofthefusingnucleiisconvertedtophotons(energy).BindingenergycurvePage25Nuclearpowerplantsconverttheenergyreleasedfromthenucleusofanatomvianuclearfissionthattakesplaceinanuclearreactor.Theheatisremovedfromthereactorcorebyacoolingsystemthatusestheheattogeneratesteam,whichdrivesasteamturbineconnectedtogeneratorproducingelectricity.Thenuclearreactoriscontainedinsidethesphericalcontainmentbuildinginthecenter-leftandrightarecoolingtowerswhicharecommoncoolingdevicesusedinallthermalpowerstations,andlikewise,emitwatervaporfromthenon-radioactivesteamturbinesectionofthepowerplant.Page26AdvantagesanddisadvantagesAdvantagesofnuclearenergy:1.Nuclearpowerdoesnotcauseairpollutionanddoesnotproducecarbondioxidewhichaggravatesglobalwarming.2.Nuclearfuelhassmallsizesoitiseasyfortransportationandstorage.3.Fuelcostsaccountsforalowerproportioninthecostofnuclearpowergeneration.4.Richinnuclearmaterial.(Uraniumandthoriumformorethan400y,Deuteriumandlithiumforbillionsofyears
本文标题:绿色能源最终1
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