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毕业设计说明书中文摘要基于单片机的火灾应急照明系统设计摘要:火灾是指在时间和空间上失去控制的燃烧所造成的灾害。在各种灾害中，火灾是最经常、最普遍地威胁公众安全和社会发展的主要灾害之一。人类能够对火进行利用和控制，是文明进步的一个重要标志。所以说人类使用火的历史与同火灾作斗争的历史是相伴相生的，人们在用火的同时，不断总结火灾发生的规律，尽可能地减少火灾及其对人类造成的危害。火灾，几乎是和火的利用同时发生的，随着现代社会的不断发展，现代家庭用火、用电量正在逐年增加，火灾发生的频率越来越高，火灾不仅毁坏物质财产，造成社会秩序的混乱，还直接或间接危害生命，给人们的心灵造成极大的危害。每年都有许多人被火灾夺去生命。由于人们的疏忽而发生的火灾与爆炸，不仅造成人员的大量伤亡，还承受着严重的经济损失。本文设计了一种在火灾情况下由单片机控制的应急照明系统。本次设计以MCS-51单片机为核心，符合消防应急灯具国家标准GB17945-2000。论文首先分析了常用消防应急灯如何工作，随后说明火灾情况下如何触发应急照明，然后介绍本次设计的系统如何实现应急照明，着重介绍单片机的工作、火灾信号处理和火灾信号延时处理。关键字：单片机火灾应急照明传感器毕业设计说明书外文摘要DesignofemergencylightingsystembasedonsinglechipfireABSTRACTThefireisoutofcontrolintimeandspaceonthedisastercausedbyburning.Inavarietyofdisasters,fireismostoften,themostcommononeofthemaindisastersthreateningpublicsafetyandsocialdevelopment.HumanbeingscanonFireuseandcontrol,isanimportantsymbolofcivilizationandprogress.SothathumanuseoffirehistorywiththesameFirefightinghistoryassociatedwithhealth,peopleinfireatthesametime,constantlysumuptheruleoffireoccurrence,Asfaraspossibledamagetoreducefireandcauseformankind.Fire,andfirearealmosttheuseofsimultaneous,Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofmodernsociety,modernhomewithfire,electricityconsumptionisincreasingyearbyyear,moreandmorehighfrequencyoffire,firenotonlydestroythematerialproperty,causesocialdisorder,butalsodirectlyorindirectlyharmtolife,thesoulofthepeoplecausedgreatharm.Everyyearmanypeoplekilledbyfire.Fireandexplosionduetothenegligenceofthepeople,notonlycausedalargenumberofcasualties,alsosufferseriouseconomiclosses.Thispaperintroducesadesignofemergencylightingsystemincaseoffirebysingle-chipmicrocomputercontrol.ThisdesigntoMCS-51microcontrollerasthecore,inlinewiththenationalfireemergencyluminariesstandardGB17945-2000.Thethesisfirstanalyzeshowtousefireemergencylamp.Then,howtotriggeremergencylightingafiresituation.Thenitdescribeshowthesystemdesigntoachievetheemergencylighting,emphaticallyintroducesthemainmicrocontrollerwork,firesignalprocessingandfiresignalprocessingdelay.Keywords：SinglechipSensor目录1引言...........................................................................................................................................51.1消防应急照明的技术背景............................................................................................51.2相关技术研究现状及趋势....................................................................................51.3本次研究思想........................................................................................................62设计工作....................................................................................................................................72.1常用消防应急灯介绍....................................................................................................72.1.1应急照明的分类................................................................................................72.1.2自带电源型消防应急灯具工作原理................................................................72.1.3消防应急灯具的国家标准................................................................................82.2火灾信号处理................................................................................................................92.3系统总体方案..............................................................................................................102.3.1系统总体功能概述..........................................................................................102.3.2系统硬件总体构架..........................................................................................112.3.3系统软件总体构架..........................................................................................123火灾应急照明系统硬件设计.................................................................................................133.1系统核心芯片选择......................................................................................................133.1.1传感器介绍......................................................................................................133.1.2.80C51芯片......................................................................................................143.1.3.A/D转换器......................................................................................................163.2复位电路......................................................................................................................183.3数据采集电路..............................................................................................................193.4信号处理电路..............................................................................................................213.5应急照明及报警电路..................................................................................................224火灾应急照明系统软件设计..................................................................................................244.1火灾应急照明系统程序设计......................................................................................244.1.1主程序流程图..................................................................................................244.2.2数据采集子程序....................................................