产漆酶菌株的筛选与酶活性的测定目录摘要.................................................................................................................................IAbstract..........................................................................................................................................II前言.................................................................................................................................................11材料与方法.............................................................................................................................21.1实验材料与方法............................................................................................21.2培养基............................................................................................................31.3实验方法........................................................................................................31.3.1产漆酶菌株的筛选..............................................................................31.3.2漆酶液态发酵及其制备......................................................................32漆酶酶活性的测定...............................................................................................................42.1ABTS-分光光度计法....................................................................................42.2分光光度法具体步骤....................................................................................42.3酶活性的计算................................................................................................43菌株的活化..............................................................................................................43.1培养基及主要试剂的配置.....................................43.2菌种活化步骤...............................................54改良CTAB法提取待测菌株全基因组..........................................................................54.1基因组提取................................................................................................................55结果与分析.......................................................66讨论和小结.......................................................91.讨论...................................................................................................................92.小结...................................................................................................................9参考文献......................................................................................................................10致谢..............................................................................................................................11产漆酶菌株的筛选与酶活性的测定I摘要本实验从南昌农药厂土壤中分离筛选出一株能够产漆酶活性的细菌菌株,并初步分析和鉴定了该菌株。此菌株具有生长快速、遗传稳定、菌落规则的特性。为了从土壤中筛选产漆酶酶活相对较高的菌株,采用以愈创木酚为底物,利用平板筛选法和定性测定酶活力法筛选得到高产漆酶菌株。以ABTS〔2,2’-连氮基-双(3-乙基苯丙噻唑啉-6-磺酸)〕为底物测定漆酶活得到产漆酶活性的菌株,菌株的产酶高峰期出现在发酵培养基培养后的第6天,最高的产漆酶活为5.33U。通过测序和序列比对得到此菌株为溶血葡萄球菌JCSC1435(hemolyticStaphylococcusJCSC1435)。适宜的发酵培养基为:葡萄糖2%,酒石酸铵1%,磷酸二氢钾0.2%,七水硫酸镁0.05%,无水氯化钙0.0075%,五水硫酸铜0.001%。适宜的培养条件:50ml/250ml发酵培养基,培养温度为28℃,转速为200r/min,培养时间为7d。关键词:漆酶、愈创木酚、溶血葡萄球菌JCSC1435产漆酶菌株的筛选与酶活性的测定IIAbstractThecollectedsoilfromthepesticidefactoryinNanchangasmaterial,andin2014JulytoSeptember,toisolateabacterialstrain,rapidgrowth,geneticstability,withtheactivityoflaccase,andthephysiologicalandbiochemicalpropertiesofthestrainwerestudied.Inordertoselectthelaccaseenzymeactivityisrelativelyhighstrain,byusingguaiacolassubstrate,usingplatescreeningmethodandqualitativedeterminationofenzymeactivityoflaccaseproducingstrainwasselected.Screeningofastrainoflaccaseproducingstrainswithhighactivityfromthesoil,thesixthdaypeakofenzymeproductionstrainsinculturemediumafterinoculationwith2,2,ABTS'-(eventheamino-(3-ethylphenylthiazole-6-sulfonicacid))assubstratebydeterminationoflaccaseactivityoflaccaseproducingstrains,thehighestthelaccaseactivitywas5.33U.Throughsequencingandsequencealignmentbythisstrain,thebacteriaisStaphylococcushaemolyticusJCSC1435.Thesuitableculturemediumforfermentationofglucose2%,ammoniumtartrate1%,potassiumdihydrogenphosphate0.2%,magnesiumsulfateseven,water0.05%,anhydrouscalciumchloride0.0075%,fivecoppersulfate0.001%.Thesuitableculturecondition:50ml/250mlculturemedium,culturetemperaturewas28C,thespeedof200r/min,theculturetimewas7d.Keywords:Laccase,guaiacol,StaphylococcushaemolyticusJCSC1435产漆酶菌株的筛选与酶活性的测定1前言漆酶是一种结合多个铜离子的多酚氧化酶,其肽链一般由500个左右氨基酸组成,糖配基占整个分子的10%-45%,是一种结合多个铜离子的糖蛋白,是铜蓝氧化酶蛋白家族的一员漆酶是一种绿色的生物催化剂[12-15]。漆酶广泛存在于自然界的许多物种中,包括动物、植物、微生物和细菌。漆酶,具有广泛的底物。它不仅能催化氧化多种芳香族化合物,还能降解木质素,去除许多有毒酚类物质的毒性,还可以使多种染料及其废水脱色。因此在食品、造纸、环保、生物检测、医药卫生等领域具有较大的研究和应用价值[1,2]。其作用主要表现在:参与有机物合成、生物检测、纸浆生物漂白、工业废水处理、有毒化合物的清除等。由于漆酶很大的应用价值,进行产漆酶菌的分离筛选也一直是研究的热点之一。从目前的报道显示,漆酶最主要来源于子囊菌、担子菌亚门的高等真菌,尤其是担子菌的白腐真菌[3],目前报道来看这些菌株是最有效的芳香族类化合物的降解菌。但是白腐菌一般生长周期长,其所产漆酶大多是诱导酶[4],这些特征使工业生产漆酶难以有效进行,因此筛选生长周期短、产漆酶时间早的菌株具有非常重要的意义。通过大量的实验研究,目前已经获得了许多产漆酶的细菌和霉菌,比如膨大拟青霉菌[5],就具有一定降解木质素能力。有关枯草杆菌与球菌分泌漆酶也有少量报道,但是它们漆酶活性都比较低。目前有关漆酶的最普遍的来源是真菌,已知在许多种真菌菌株的分泌物中检测到了漆酶的活性[6]。本实验是从土壤中筛选能够产生漆酶的菌株,选用简便有效地筛选方法,更快的筛选具有产漆酶能力的高产菌株。从有关漆酶的报道来看,我们可以知道对产漆酶菌株的研究是非常有意义的,因此我选择了这个课题实验。我们从南昌农药厂采集不同的土壤进行研究,从土壤中筛选出能够产漆酶的菌株,并对高