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Unit2CultureshockGrammar研学案theAdverbial状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。引导词+句子(在句中作状语)→状语从句七种状语从句：条件状语从句、时间状语从句、比较状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句条件状语从句condition1.连接词：if,unless(if…not),so/aslongas,2.注意点：分清真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句中要使用虚拟语气。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaskthepoliceforhelp.条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来时条件状语从句condition1.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果我是你的话，我会马上走。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.2.表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果如果你早来几分钟的话，你就会（可能会）见到那个著名歌唱家。Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwould/could/mighthavemetthefamoussinger.如果我上星期有了这笔钱，我就会（可能）买一辆车。IfIhadhadthemoneylastweek,Ishould/would/could/mighthaveboughtacar.3.表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）得救。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.时间状语从句timewhen/whilewhen既可指某一时间点,也可指一段时间;while指“在某一段时间里”，“在……期间”，引导的动作必须是持续性的.他回来的时候，他妻子正在做饭。Whenhereturned,hiswifewascooking.在他看书的时候，他妻子正在做饭。Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.中考链接——When从句考点：1)当一个动作正在发生的时候另一个动作突然发生----主句用过去进行时，从句用过去式．（不能用while）e.g.(1)I___________(watch)TVwhenI___________(hear)asharpcryyesterdayevening.(2)What_____you_____whentheteachercameinjustnow?A.did,doB.were,doingC.do,doD.are,doing中考链接——When从句考点：2)当一个动作正在发生时另一动作也相继发生，而且很短暂－－从句用过去进行时，主句用过去式。（也可用while）(1)Acar_______(hit)abicycleridercarelesslywhenit_________(run)pastthecornerofthestreet.(2)ImetMr.Green_____Iwaswalkingacrossthebridge,butIdidn’tsayhellotohim.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while中考链接——while从句用进行时e.g.1)Myparents_______(read)somenewspaperswhileI___________(play)withmye-dogthistimeyesterday.2)Whilewe____________(travel)inAustralialastyear,IvisitedLucywhooncetaughtEnglishinourschool.比较状语从句comparisonas…as否定结构常用so…as，也可用as…as他醒来得和入睡时一样突然。Hewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.我从未见过这么多雨的二月。IhaveneverseensomuchrainasfellthatFebruary.中考链接()1.Thereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.A.both;andB.so;asC.either;orD.as;as()2-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras原因状语从句reasonbecause/as/since原因状语从句主要表原因或理由。他心情不好，因为他母亲生病了。Itwasbecausehismotherwasbadlyillthathewasunhappy.第二天早晨我们起得很早，因为要不迟于下午到达牛津市。Wewereupearlythenextmorning,aswewantedtobeinOxfordbytheafternoon.由于我们没有钱，我们不能买它。Sincewe’venomoney,wecan’tbuyit.原因状语从句reasonbecausebecause,as,since均表示“因为”，“由于”，because语气最强，用来回答why提问，可表示已知或未知的事实。你不该仅仅因为有些人说了你的坏话就发怒。Youshouldn’tgetangryjustbecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.because引导的从句通常置于主句之后，只有在强调时才置于主句之前。因为他们挣钱比我多，所以他们认为自己高人一等。BecausetheymakemoremoneythanIdo,theythinkthey’resosuperior.because引导的从句还可用于强调结构。我昨天是由于要去看我的叔叔而去城里的。ItwasbecauseIwantedtoseemyunclethatIwenttothetownyesterday.asas语气较弱，较口语化，所表的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实，所以不需要强调。as引导的从句之前不可用强调词和否定词not,也不可用于强调结构。as引导的从句多置于主句之前。由于所有的座位都坐满了，他只好站着。Asalltheseatswerefull,hestoodup.sincesince语气比较弱，常用来表示对方已知的事实。它和as一样，前面不可用强调词和否定词notsince往往相当于汉语中的“既然”。既然你要去，我也去吧。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgotoo.sincesince语气比较弱，常用来表示对方已知的事实。它和as一样，前面不可用强调词和否定词notsince往往相当于汉语中的“既然”。既然你要去，我也去吧。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgotoo.让步状语从句concession让步状语从句表“虽然”，“尽管”，“即使”等概念。可置于主句之前或之后。虽然时间才九点钟，可街上已没什么人了。Thoughitwasonlynineo’clock,therewerefewpeopleinthestreets.though/although不能与but连用,但可与yet或still连用尽管他已经六十岁了，但他才开始学习法语。Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.结果状语从句result结果状语从句表结果，其关联词主要有so…that,such…that等。结果状语从句皆置于主句之后。她坐在我身后，所以我看不见她脸上的表情。ShesatbehindmesothatIcouldnotseetheexpressiononherface.他勃然大怒，以至不能自制。Hisangerwassuchthathelostcontrolofhimself.结果状语从句考点:(1)so+形容词（副词）+that从句”(2)So+many/much/few/little(数量形容词）+n.(复数/不可数)＋that从句(3)Such+其他形容词+n.(复数/不可数)＋that从句(4)such+a+adj.+n.+that从句(5)so+adj.+a+n.+that从句Notes:little有两个意思，小的和少的。中考链接()1.Igotthere___late___Ididn'tseehim.A.too;toB.such;thatC.so;thatD.so;as()2.Itis___hotintheroom___wehavetogooutforawalk.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.as;asD.such;as()3.Hehas___aninterestingbookthatwewanttoreadit.A.soB.suchC.thesameD.as目的状语从句purpose目的状语从句表目的，常用情态动词may(might)，有时也用shall(should)和will(would)。目的状语从句多置于主句之后。为了让每个人都能听到我的声音，我提高了音量。Iraisedmyvoicesothateveryonecouldhearme.sothat以便……,为了……(目的状语从句)so…that…如此……以至于……(结果状语从句)Hewalkedveryfastsothathecouldcatchupwithus.(目的状语从句)Hewalkedsofastthathecaughtupwithus.(结果状语从句)中考链接1.Thelittleboysavedeverycoin________hecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother‘sday.为了能够在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物，小男孩节省每一分钱。2.Sheboughtadigitalcameraonline____shewouldsavealotoftime.A.sothatB.assoonasC.nomatterD.suchthat习题一、根据句意，从括号内选择适当的连词填空。1.Theboxis______heavy______thelittlegirlcan’tliftit.(too...to,so...that)2.Iwenttoschool______(if,though)Ihadabadcold.3.HehaslivedinShenzhen______(since,after)hewasborn.4.________(Assoonas,Before)Maryopenedthedoor,thedogranin.5.IamsurethatIcanspeakEnglish________well_______youoneday.(as...as,so...as)6.Wewon’tgoout________(if,as)itrainstomorrow.7.Hedidn’tsayanything_______(when,while)theteacheraskedwhyhewaslateforschool.8.Iwasbusyworking______(when,while)shewasplayingboardgames.9.Iruneveryday_______(sothat,because)Ilikerunning.10.Hedidn’tworkhard,_______(so,as)hedidn’tpasstheexam.11._________(Although,Since)itisdangerous,Iw