中考数学得分专练21一、填空题:(本大题共12题,满分36分)[只要求直接写出结果,每个空格填对得3分,否则得零分]1.计算:2(3).2.分解因式:222aab.3.化简:111xx.4.已知函数3()2fxx,则(1)f.5.函数2yx的定义域是.6.若方程2210xx的两个实数根为1x,2x,则12xx.7.方程12x的根是.8.如图1,正比例函数图象经过点A,该函数解析式是.9.如图2,E为平行四边形ABCD的边BC延长线上一点,连结AE,交边CD于点F.在不添加辅助线的情况下,请写出图中一对相似三角形:.10.如果两个圆的一条外公切线长等于5,另一条外公切线长等于23a,那么a.11.如图3,在直角坐标平面内,线段AB垂直于y轴,垂足为B,且2AB,如果将线段AB沿y轴翻折,点A落在点C处,那么点C的横坐标是.12.图4是44正方形网格,请在其中选取一个白色的单位正方形并涂黑,使图4中黑色部分是一个中心对称图形.图1xyAO13图2ABCDEF图3xyBAO图4二、选择题:(本大题共4题,满分16分)【下列各题的四个结论中,有且只有一个结论是正确的,把正确结论的代号写在题后的圆括号内,选对得4分;不选、错选或者多选得零分】13.在下列二次根式中,与a是同类二次根式的是()A.2aB.23aC.3aD.4a14.如果一次函数ykxb的图象经过第一象限,且与y轴负半轴相交,那么()A.0k,0bB.0k,0bC.0k,0bD.0k,0b15.已知四边形ABCD中,90ABC∠∠∠,如果添加一个条件,即可推出该四边形是正方形,那么这个条件可以是()A.90D∠B.ABCDC.ADBCD.BCCD16.小明不慎把家里的圆形玻璃打碎了,其中四块碎片如图5所示,为配到与原来大小一样的圆形玻璃,小明带到商店去的一块玻璃碎片应该是()A.第①块B.第②块C.第③块D.第④块三、解答题17.(本题满分9分)解不等式组:3043326xxx,,并把解集在数轴上表示出来.18.(本题满分9分)解方程:22321011xxxxx.51432012345图519.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分6分,第(2)小题满分4分)如图6,在直角坐标平面内,O为原点,点A的坐标为(100),,点B在第一象限内,5BO,3sin5BOA∠.求:(1)点B的坐标;(2)cosBAO∠的值.20.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2),(3)小题满分各3分)初三学生小丽、小杰为了解本校初二学生每周上网的时间,各自在本校进行了抽样调查.小丽调查了初二电脑爱好者中40名学生每周上网的时间,算得这些学生平均每周上网时间为2.5小时;小杰从全体初二学生名单中随机抽取了40名学生,调查了他们每周上网的时间,算得这些学生平均每周上网时间为1.2小时.小丽与小杰整理各自样数据,如表一所示.请根据上述信息,回答下列问题:(1)你认为哪位学生抽取的样本具有代表性?答:;估计该校全体初二学生平均每周上网时间为小时;(2)根据具体代表性的样本,把图7中的频数分布直方图补画完整;(3)在具有代表性的样本中,中位数所在的时间段是小时/周.时间段(小时/周)小丽抽样人数小杰抽样人数0~16221~210102~31663~482(每组可含最低值,不含最高值)表一图6xOBy图7(每组可含最低值,不含最高值)01234小时/周246810121416182022人数一、填空题(本大题共12题,满分36分)1.32.2()aab3.1(1)xx4.15.2x≥6.27.3x8.3yx9.AFDEFC△∽△(或EFCEAB△∽△,或EABAFD△∽△)10.111.212.答案见图1二、选择题(本大题共4题,满分16分)13.C14.B15.D16.B三、解答题17.解:由30x,解得3x.····································································3分由43326xx,解得1x.·······································································3分不等式组的解集是13x.······································································1分解集在数轴上表示正确.··················································································2分18.解:去分母,得23(21)(1)0xxxx,················································3分整理,得23210xx,··············································································2分解方程,得12113xx,.···········································································2分经检验,11x是增根,213x是原方程的根,原方程的根是13x.··············2分19.解:(1)如图2,作BHOA,垂足为H,·················································1分在RtOHB△中,5BO,3sin5BOA,3BH.··································································································2分4OH.………………………………1分点B的坐标为(43),.……………………2分(2)10OA,4OH,6AH.………………1分在RtAHB△中,3BH,35AB.…………1分25cos5AHBAOAB.………………………………2分图1AyHO图2xB20.(1)小杰;1.2.··············································································2分,2分(2)直方图正确.·························································································3分(3)0~1.····································································································3分