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1989431sφφIVAsb∝-exp()()/121V+b12φφφ12φφ12ATTF-TCNQtetrathiafulvalenetetracyanoquinodimethaneBEDT-TTFbisethylenedithiotetrathiafulvaleneRecA-DNADNAHPIHexagonallyPackedIntermediate1989461AuCOAuOC++341234223SiC+2HSi+CHG=+59kJ/mol2Cu+CO2CuO+CG=+140kJ/mol242982298ΦΦTFgv=212GG=G-GGT*TT*GG=-RTlnK-lnKp1pKp1G=H-H-TS-S=HTSTT*TT*TTTSSSSCCpTdTTTTPT=-=+-∫***00cpSS00*T298222BaOBaO+12O222342Au+34COAuO+34C2231222419905511989101870NoyesSherrillACourseofStudyinChemicalPrinciples1922—193819938111993834199212101993841LiLiLi2+2+22()hLi+Li+hLi+e*2+-ü19883111988331MHOMHOOHHxnxn()[()()]()2211+--++=+19883611988354198945119883351990565NONO3-3-1991611NO3-19927216070607010020060706070767860707884ppmppm3oc321.51.522322319927314YearbookofSciencesandtheFuture198619901993817=-G-H=nFE-HEFrmrH+12O=HO2224222CHOH+32O=CO+2HO3222CO+12O=CO2222222222HCOOHaq+12O=CO+HO22224342232CO+2CO4CO+4eO+2CO+4e2CO32-22232-CHOH+8OHCO+6HO+6e3-32-2199386111994916XNgkTJkT)JkT)m=+-+-224103232exp(/exp(/()199493122322322322222324233232332333232323S2S332322473244219949411994961dGSdTVdpdnii=-++∑dG=dn,=Tp+RT1nxiiii0i∑GniinAAnBBncc==++∑22222222222242222n2n2n1212422n199510161986141i=4nFDCr+ro02DtrtrD01/202=(Dar)=nFRT021/2v1990541*12g/ml21990554600nm5300nm21%⎧⎨⎩600nm73300nm40%⎧⎨⎩400500nm90200110010%nm⎧⎨⎩1991633199166119938262222233222222198722965656116665653737656116116116116525373737373737373765656565365656519872351987243-6619872471987261IsffsrsreumNmmNnmnmn..()sin()()=∑∑1IsNfsrsreunnnn..()[sin()]()-+∑2012IsNfrrsrsrdreu..()[()sin()]()=+∞∫220143IsNfissisrrsrdrrrsisrsdseu..()/()()()sin()()()sin()()202014124-===∞∞∫∫Fourier22212202022202200rasIsNfrsdsr[rrsIsNfrsdssIsNfrsdsraaeu(())sin()()][()]sin()()sin()[..∞∞∞∫∫∫-+=-+Is23[3IsIs]4e.u.e.u.0()]()sin()()()()sin()(5)rsisrsdsGrrrrrsisrsdsaa-===+∞∞∫∫0220442DRDFrrrsisrsdsRRDFPrDRDFrsisrsdsa=-====∞∞∫∫42627200[()]()sin()()()()sin()()isIsNffIsNfeueu()()()/....=-=-2221f=i2ixfxfxfiiiiii222∑∑=()fsfskfsfsfsZZikiskfisfesdsssfskfesgreiieeiiiiiiiiiiss()()()()()/[()/()]/()()()()maxminminmax===-=∑∑∫rgrg(r)=(xk)7iiiii∑()r422220r[rxksIsNffrsdsaiiieue()]()[()]sin()..-=-∑∫∞Prrxkgrgsisrsdsiiiei()([()]()sin()=-=∑∫∞4208isIsNffxkeueiiia()[()]/()..=-∑22ge420rNkgrgsisrsdsiiiie()[()]()sin()∑∫-=∞4290rkgrgsisrsdsmmme∑∫-=∞[()]()sin()()isIsffeumme()[()]/..=-∑229WarrenasBsfsdskgsIsfsdsememessss=-∑∫∫[()/()]/[()/()]minmaxminmax222222BsfsRCsmmm()[()()]=+∑2Csm8Prsisrsdsss()()sin()()minmax210∫rRsj=831maxPrgkrLemm()()=-∑4fsCsmm0.6nmPrsseiaz219883282242222272232319905113423322232t-BuOOHTiOP4ri1990521CHd-MLCH364223876542765436543325432555555355255255552554543235555663232322911229112291155232553254325555553219927511992764111ccccbKbK=OO22-O2-DAT119927612D65365653653336533332CCCSSCCCCC12332122-------NH3+1994921lgK18.419.2UO22+lgK/K=10.617.0UO22+Mn+4UO22+56lgK=3.13.21994951CHCH4CHN(CH)223210+cscscs210-Br**cscs*a19951021ü19951051==∑∑Siiiii1986113==++=∑Si4424362443474+=2Al/Si1[TiO][TiO]32-3n2n-PPOP-O0.15nmATP32-SRRSeRRBN==---()()00OsRHORR1122HS+S=1112OVOVVOV=5.070.101.83525S∑R1=10-1nm2VO3VO43-2+1.0v.u.SOO42-POClOS0.250.08v.u.1243-4-bIO65-HPO24-ClO4-HTeO462-CHCO32-BrO4-BO33-HSiO342-HCO3-3SiO43-HTeO56-HCO2-TeO63-PO43-SO42-HSiO43-HPO42-CFCO32-24HBO32-CO32-HSO4-3HSiO242-NO3-HBO23-2NaSOSS0.160.17+42-abLiRbCsPOSiOAlOOS0.250.330.42SOClOS43-44-45-b42-4-bOHOH11=S1S2dRdSBdSdSdSdSBSSBSSSSBSSS111111111111111111111121=----=---=----=---[lnln()()][]()()()()R0NBR0NBR0NBHBNaMgPKTi(IV)V(IV-V)Cr(III-VI)Cr(III)Mn(III)Fe(II)Ni(II)Ga(III)Se(VI)SrNb(V)Nb(III-V)Mo(VI)CdSb(II)Te(VI)I(V)BaPr(IV)Pr(III)Sm(III)Tb(IV)Ho(III)Yb(III)Ta(V)W(III-VI)T1(III)Bi(III)Pa(V)U(V)Np(VI)Pu(VII)Pu(IV)Am(V)Cm(IV)0.871.3661.6611.6361.622.2761.841.8061.781.7701.7721.7331.7691.7641.6801.731.7752.1431.9071.9211.901.9901.9101.9111.9672.2972.0992.1502.1072.0172.0412.0121.9071.8982.0002.0102.112.102.072.052.0942.072.0772.29.15.25.25.25.55.55.45.07.05.07.44.57.04.57.06.56.56.56.55.06.05.00.370.440.420.360.480.430.3150.380.3190.330.3250.3230.3150.350.350.350.350.350.350.35BeCAlCl(VII)S(IV)ScTi(III-IV)V(III-V)Cr(V)Mn(VII)Mn(II)Co(IV)Cu(II)Ge(IV)RbY(III)Mo(II-VI)Ag(I)In(III)Sn(IV)Te(IV)Xe(VI)La(III)Nd(III)Eu(III)Tb(III)Er(III)Lu(III)W(VI)Re(VII)T1(I)Ac(III)U(VI)U(IV)Np(V)Pu(NI)Pu(III)Am(IV)Cm(III)1.3741.371.401.6441.6221.6291.8651.8771.8231.7901.7691.7801.7981.7701.7181.752.222.0702.0471.8821.9461.9591.9551.9331.9712.1672.2002.1372.0902.0652.0292.0041.9041.9102.1002.292.0592.1262.092.062.1422.0832.1174.44.74.65.45.25.435.65.76.07.07.06.07.47.08.14.54.56.56.56.56.56.56.56.06.06.04.30.380.260.380.350.3240.3190.330.340.3390.350.350.350.350.350.350.35LiNSiS(VI)CaV(V)Cr(VI)Cr(IV)Mn(IV)Fe(III)Co(II)Zn(II)As(V)Se(IV)Zr(IV)Zr(III-IV)Mo(III-VI)Mo(II)Sb(V)Sn(II)I(VII)CsCe(IV)Ce(III)Pm(III)Gd(III)Dy(III)Tm(III)Hf(IV)Ta(III-V)Hg(II)Pb(II)Th(IV)Pa(IV)Np(VII)Np(IV)Pu(V)Am(VI)Am(III)Bk(IV)1.2921.431.411.631.6141.091.8961.7911.811.7871.7701.7741.7801.7271.6751.771.7961.9501.9621.8901.8351.9111.8601.9422.3352.1172.1602.1202.0772.0532.0201.9551.9181.9832.0442.1812.1472.062.112.082.052.1312.0674.05.45.15.05.25.25.75.64.06.05.06.04