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东北财经大学2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案及解析I.VocabularyandStructure(20%)Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.NowmarkyouanswersontheANSWERSHEETbyblackeningthelettercorrespondingtoyourchoice.1.Theboredomanddeepcontemptforhisworkmustresultfromtheworker’srelationshiptohisworkwhichiscompletelyofhumanity.A.destituteB.devoidC.desolateD.derelict1.Bdevoidof没有或毫无某事物。根据completely一词可判断此处指的是“毫无人性”，而不是“缺少人性”。destitute穷困的，缺少某事物。desolate使荒凉，使无人烟。derelict荒废的，被弃置的。2.A(n)glancefromhislawyerfriend,TimGreen,confirmedhiminhisconvictionthathewasboundtowinthecaseinspiteofthejury’sverdictinfavoroftheprosecutor.A.assuringB.insuredC.reassuringD.ensured2.A句意：律师朋友投来的给人信心的一瞥…。assuring确信的，给人信心的。insured加入保险的。reassuring安心的，可靠的。ensured确保的，担保的。3.Theindifferenceofthemajorityofthecitizenry,tothescandalisofacynicismcharacteristicofanageinwhichindividualismpredominates.A.depreciativeB.initiativeC.distinctiveDindicative3.D句意：大部分市民对这一丑闻的冷漠暗示了在个人主义盛行时代的一种玩世不恭的特点。indicativeofsth.表示或暗示某事物。depreciative贬值的，藐视的。initiative起初的，自发的。distinctive与众不同的，有特色的。4.WhattheNewYorkerwouldfindmissingiswhatoutsidersfindoppressiveanddistastefulaboutNewYork—thecongesteddemocraticpresenceofsomanyNewYorkers,intheirownworlds.A.encasedB.encroachedC.encounteredD.encumbered4.A句意：…纽约人将自己置于个人世界中。encasein将…置于…中。encroachon/upon超出正当或适当的程度。encounter遭遇，相遇。encumbersb./sth.with阻碍或妨碍某人自由活动。5.WhattheywantedwasanAmericamoresensibletoartandculture,lessformaterialgain,andlesssusceptibletotheboringmonotonyoflife.A.abashedB.akinC.ajarD.avid5.David(for)渴望的，贪婪的。abashed不安的，窘迫的。akin同族的，类似的。ajar（门窗等）微开的。6.Inpre-capitalistsocietiescraftsmenofthesametradewhowereoftheirnewfoundprivilegesorganizedthemselvesintoguildstoprotectthemselvesagainstaworldthatwashostiletothem.A.zealousB.scandalousC.jealousD.credulous6.C句意：前资本主义社会，同一领域的那些精心守护个人新得到的特权的商人们为了…。jealous(of)羡慕的；精心守护的，占有的。zealous(for)热心的，积极的。scandalous诽谤性的。credulous轻信的。7.Bitternesswelledupinhisheartthedayswhenhewascondemnedonanallegedchargeoftreason.A.atthementionofB.mentioningC.atthetimeofmentioningD.whenitwasmentionedthat7.Aatthementionof提到…的时候。选项D中that后需要接从句。选项B分词短语作状语时要与主句主语保持一致。8.Coursescanbedesigned,asmostskepticswouldnotbelieve,inwaysputapremiumonthecuriosityofthestudentsespeciallyatthelevelofelementaryeducation.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.sothat8.Bthat引导定语从句修饰ways。定语从句中先行词是time，way等时，引导词只能用that，不能用which。9.Victoriangentilitywhichseemedsocivilizedandrestrainedinsocialbehaviorcanbeseenassomethingconsiderablyhypocriticalandidealisticthatcharacterizedamoresecluded,staticruralsociety.A.ingeneralB.inproportionC.incontrastD.inperspective9.A句意：维多利亚时期的社交举止显得过于文雅和拘谨，这种文明一般被认为是相当伪善和空想的，它表现出一种更幽僻的田园社会的特征。ingeneral通常，大体上，一般而言。inproportion按…比例,与…相称。incontrast后跟with/to，意为“与...形成对比；与…相比”。inperspective正确地（的）,合乎比例地（的），intherightperspective正确地、客观地、全面地(观察事物)，inthewrongperspective片面地、错误地(观察事物)。10.InNewYorkCitysunsetscanbespectacular:orangesandredstheskyoverJerseyMeadowandgaudilyinathousandwindowsonManhattan’sjaggedskyline.A.tint...reflectB.tinting...reflectingC.tinted...inreflectionD.tinting...reflected10.Dorangesandreds与tint（染色，着色）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词；色彩被映在成千上万的窗户上，因此应用过去分词reflected表被动。11.Ourcasewasdefendedbyanablebarrister,whotheprosecutor’ssubmissionsalmostnothing.A.derived…fromB.evacuated…fromC.reduced…toD.deprived…of11.C句意：我们的案件由一位很有能力的律师辩护，他使原告的证据几乎变得一文不值。reducesth.to降低，使陷入更坏的状况中。derivefrom得自，由来。evacuate疏散，撤离。depriveof剥夺，阻止。12.NaturalistMerlinTurtle,throughhisorganization,beganacampaigntoletpeopleknowthefactsaboutbats,someofthemoreexaggeratedlegends.A.dispersingB.dissentingC.dispellingD.disengaging12.D句意：…让人们了解蝙蝠的一些真相，而摆脱某些过分夸大的传说。disengagefrom摆脱，挣脱。dispel驱走，使消失。disperse使散开，驱散。dissent持异议，反对。13.Mr.KinoocksaidatthepressconferencethatfutureaggressorswouldbeabletoactwithiftheobjectivesoftheUNwerenotmet.A.immaturityB.impurity.C.immunityD.impunity13.D句意：Mr.Kinoock在新闻发布会上说如果联合国的目标不能实现，以后侵略者的行径就会免于受罚。impunity不受惩罚，免罚。immaturity未成熟，未臻完美。impurity杂质。immunity免疫性。14.ThepopularityoftheFinanceMinistercontinuedtointhelateninetiesofthelastcenturyinthefaceofeconomicdeclineinspiteofthestrenuouseffortshehadmadetostrengthenhispositioninthecabinet.A.waneB.waxC.wailD.wag14.A句意：上世纪90年代末，经济衰退时期，虽然财政部长作出极大努力企图加强他在内阁的地位，但他的声望持续减退。wane衰落，变弱。wax增大，变大。wail痛哭，诉苦。wag摇摆，摇动。15.Productiontargetsaresetforeachbranch,andbranchmanagerswhodonotusuallydonotlast.A.windupB.measureupC.sizeupD.setup15.B句意：每个部门都有固定的生产目标，那些不能达到这一标准的部门经理将会被撤职。measureup到达或符合某标准。windup终于到达某处，安顿。sizeup判断，估计。setup建立。16.Theprotestwentaheaddespitegovernmentassurancesthattheywouldpressforwiththeneighboringcountryintheissuingofvisas.A.retrospectB.reciprocityC.regressionD.redundancy16.B句意：尽管政府保证将压制与邻国的互惠签证颁发，但抗议仍然在继续。reciprocity互惠，相互交换的原则。retrospect回顾，追溯。regression退步，退化。redundancy裁员，多余的材料。17.Ageingcanbethoughtofasagradual,albeit,slidefromsummerintoautumnand,withanyluck,ontowinter.A.inexorableB.indispensableC.inconvertibleD.intolerable17.A句意：衰老可被看作从夏天过渡到秋天，再到冬天的一个渐进过程，虽然这一过程有些无情。inexorable无情的。indispensable不可或缺的，必不可少的。inconvertible不能变换的。intolerable无法忍受的，难耐的。18.Ifyousatdownandmadeanotherfaircopyofthemanuscript,youwouldfindyourselfmakingnewadjust