中信英语部分专项练习(六)

1中信银行校园招聘考试英语部分专项练习（六）PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Passage1Thegreatbulkofexpertopinionisthatowingagununderminesratherthanincreasessafety:thefunctionofdiscouragingburglarsorothercriminalsismorethanoffsetbyotherfactors.Firstcomethesuicides:in1986,18,153peopleshotthemselvestodeath.Nooneonknowshowmanymighthavelivediftheyhadbeenunabletopickupagunandhowmanymighthavemerelychosenothermeanstoendtheirlives.Butsurelythepresenceofaloadedguninabureaudrawermusthavetemptedmany,particularteens,toyieldtoablackdepressionthatmighthaveliftedhadthemeanstocarryoutthedarkwishnotbeensoreadilyavailable.Thencometheaccidentalshootings,manybyfoolishguyswhoneverbothertolearnhowtohandletheirweapons.Moreheartbreakingarethefrequentincidentsofchildrenpickinguptheirparents’gunsandfindingoutinthemostdisastrouswaythattheyarenottoys;forexample,aneight-year-oldboywhoshothissix-year-oldsisterdeadlastweekinFairfax.Thentherearethequarrelsbetweenspouses,betweenparentsandtheirchildren,betweenneighborsandfriendsthatsuddenlyturnfatalbecauseoneorbothcanpickupagun.Policecommonlyestimatethatifahouseholdguniseverusedatall,itissixtimesaslikelytobefiredatamemberofthefamilyorafriendasatanintruder.(Itisevenmorelikely,saysDr.CarlBell,aChicagopsychiatrist,thatthegunwillbestolen;gunareprimetargetsforburglarsbecausetheycanbeeasilyandprofitablysoldtoothercriminals.)Andfinally,intherelativelyrareshoot-outsbetweenhouseholdersandburglarsthatdooccur,itmighteasilybetheburglarwhoprovesmoreskilledinhandlinghisgunsandthehouseholderwhowindsupinmorgue（停尸房）.Addingalltypesofdeathstogether,MercyandHouk,researchersfromtheAtlanta-basedCentersforDiseaseControl,pointoutthat“duringthelasttwoyears,thenumberofpeoplewhodiedofinjuriesinflictedbyfirearmsintheUnitedStatesexceededthenumberofcasualtiesduringtheentire8.5-yearVietNamconflict.”MercyandHoukjudgedthat“injuryfromfirearmsisapublic-healthproblemwhosetollisunacceptable.”AnothergroupofresearcherspresentedevidencethatlaxU.S.gunlawsmightbetoblame.Theteam,headedbyemergencyroomsurgeonJohnHenrySloan,studiedapairofcitiesjust140milesapart:SeattleandVancouver.Thetwocitieshadsimilarunemploymentrates,householdincomes,law-enforcementpoliciesandevenfavoriteTVshows.Twodifferences:inCanada,handgunownershipistightlyrestricted;inWashingtonState,gunsaremoreeasilypurchased.Andbetween1980and1986Seattlehad388homicides,vs.204Vancouver.1.Accordingtomostexperts,possessingagun________.2A)cannotguaranteeyoursafetyB)doesmorethanassureyousafetyC)leadstomoresuicidesD)canonlyfrightenthieves2.“Tocarryoutthedarkwish”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmeans_________.A)killingoneselfB)shootingothersC)yieldingtodepressionD)pickingupagun3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A)ManychildrenbecomethevictimsofplayinggunsB)AhouseholdgunismorelikelytoaimatafamiliarpersonC)AccidentalshootingsoftenhappenwhenpeoplearequarrellingD)Agunathomeisverylikelytobetakenawaybyburglars4.Theword“lax”inthefirstsentenceofthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A)differentB)unrestrictedC)funnyD)notstrict5.Theauthorcitesthetwocitiesasanexampletodemonstratethat________.A)whatmattersistocarryoutthegunlawsB)allstatesmusthavethesamegunlawsC)gunownershipmustbestrictlyrestrictedD)gunlawshavelittleeffectPassage2EversinceDarwin’stheoryofevolution,biologistshaveassumedthatenvironmentsteemingwithcomplexformsoflifeservedasthenurseriesofevolution.ButtworecentpapersinSciencemagazinehaveturnedthatnotiononitshead.Lastmonthsomebiologistsreportedthatintheoceanitistherelativelybarrenareasthatserveas“evolutionarycrucibles(熔炉),”notregionswithgreatdiversityofspecies.OtherresearchersannouncedthissummerthattheArctic,nottherainforest,spawnedmanyplantsandanimalsthatlatermigratedtoNorthAmerica.SaysJohnSepkoskioftheUniversityofChicago,“Harshenvironmentsmaybeproducingthemajorchangesinthehistoryoflife.”These“changes”donotresultmerelyinalongertailorabiggerclawforanexistingspeciesbut,rather,indramaticleapsuptheevolutionaryladder—arareinnovationthatcomesalongonceinamillionyears.IntheArctic,reportsLeoHickeyofYaleUniversity,theinnovationsrantoformsneverbeforeseenonearth.Bydatingfossilsfrommanygeologiclayers,heconcludedthatlargegrazinganimalsfirstappearedintheArcticandmigratedtotemperateplacesacoupleofmillionyearsorsolater.Amongplants,speciesofredwoodandbirchoriginatedinpolarregionssome18millionsyearsbeforetheyshowedupinthesouth.Examiningfossilsasoldas570millionyears,Chicago’sSepkoskifoundthatshell-less,soft-bodiedcreaturesweresuddenlyreplacedbytrilobites（三叶虫）,thenbythemoreadvancedclam-likeanimals.Thesechanges,henotes,“firstbecomecommonnearshore.”Thatsurprisedhim—anenvironmentwithasfewspeciesasexistinthenear3shore,andwithsuchapoorrecordofproducingnewspecies,seemsanunlikelyplaceforbiologicalinnovation.ButwhenJablonskidatedfossilsof100millionyearsago,hefoundthatduringthiser