词汇转换形式

几种重要的词汇转换形式：1.动词—名词这类在A、B级考试中涉及最多。通常是加后缀：-ment,-tion,-sion,-er,-al,-ing,-ance,-ence,-ure等出现频率最高且最基本的是-ment,-tion,-er,-ing。v+ment结尾achieve---achievement成就advertise---advertisement/advertisingcompliment称赞，恭维agree—(in)agreementapartment公寓amusement娱乐argue---argument争吵commit奉献—commitmentdevelop---developmentdisagree—disagreementdepartment局，部experiment实验，试验equip装备---equipment装备，器材govern统治—government政府manage---management经营管理V+tion/sion结尾attract吸引—attraction有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方conclude—conclusion结论compete—competition竞争，比赛educate-----educationdiscuss—discussion讨论decide----decisiondescribe—description描写，描绘express表达----expression词语；表达方式operate操作，动手术—operationgraduate毕业—graduationorganize----organizationinstruct—instruction指导，介绍invent—inventor/inventioninvite—invitationinspire---inspiration灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute----pollution污染predict---prediction预言resolve决心-----resolution决心pronounce---pronunciationpermit允许-----permissionsuggest-建议，暗示--suggestionsolve解决-----solution解决方法V+er/ar/or结尾Beg(乞讨)—beggar乞丐behave行为，举止----behaviorV+ing结尾bathe洗澡---bathingend结束----ending结尾，结局train训练---trainingmean----meaning意义say-----saying谚语V+ance结尾appear—appearance外貌，出现perform----performance演出V+其他know---knowledgefly—flight飞行heat加热---heat热量sit-----seat座位hit撞击------hit轰动一时的人或物，碰撞succeed--successmix混合-----mixture混合物press按，压—pressure压力tour在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出直接+地点tourChina---tour旅游/tourist游客2.形容词—副词直接加-lybad—badlybright—brightly明亮地casual—casually随意地clear—clearly清楚地complete—completely完全correct---correctly正确地fortunate—fortunately幸运地final—finallygeneral—generally一般来讲loud—loudlypolite—politelyparticular特殊的，独特的—particularlyproper合适的-，恰当的---properlymain------mainly主要地most多数-----mostly多半，大多数quick—quicklynormal---normally正常地quiet—quietly轻轻地，安静地real—reallyrecent最近的----recently最近；近来sad—sadlyslow---slowlysudden—suddenly突然hard难的；努力地---hardly几乎不late迟的—lately最近；近来usual—usuallyspecial—specially专门，特殊地specific---specifically特定地，明确地strong—strongly坚决地，强烈地以le结尾的去e+ycomfortable---comfortablygentle—gentlysimple----simply仅仅；只；简单地possible---possiblyterrible---terribly辅音字母+y变ilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilyhappy—happily特殊good—well好地well身体健康的，井true—truly3.名词—形容词①后缀-ful“充满…”，“显示…”，“使得…”meaning—meaningful有意义的colour---colourfulpeace和平----peaceful平静的，宁静的pain疼痛---painful痛苦的thank—thankful充满感激的hope-hopefulplayful顽皮的，爱玩耍的②后缀-lyfriend-friendlyweek-weeklydeadly，lonely，likely，ugly，brotherly,manly,costly,live---lively活跃的，有生气的love—lovely可爱的有些以-ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early③后缀-y“充满…”，“有…”，“包含…”,“被覆盖”或“想要…”Anger生气-----angryhunger---hungryfog—foggy有雾的cloud---cloudyfur----furry毛皮的guilt罪恶---guilty内疚的health---healthyluck---luckywind—windyrain---rainysnow---snowytourist------touristy游客多的sun—sunnybusiness---busysalt盐---salty咸的shine---shiny发亮的silk丝绸—silky丝绸般的sleep---sleepy昏昏欲睡的taste口味，品味------tasty甜的④后缀-al“…的”medicine药----medical医学的music---musicalperson---personal(私人的)nature---natural自然的tradition----traditional传统的nation—national国家的education---educational有教育意义的origin起源---original新颖的；独创的⑤后缀-able,-ible“有…能力”，“易做”，“适合…”，“足以做…”comfort-comfortablerespect-respectablesuit一套-----suitable合适的adjustable可调整的knowledge---knowledgeable⑥后缀-ive,-ed,-ous,-less等balance–balanced平衡的spot斑点，地点----spotted有斑点的organized有组织的talent-----talented有天赋的distusted厌恶的offended生气的crowded拥挤的polluted被污染的pleased高兴的enormous巨大的danger—dangerousmystery神秘-----mysterious神秘的care—careful/careless小心的；粗心的use---useless/usefulhelp---helpful/helplesshome—homeless无家可归的其他energy精力---energeticfool傻子—foolish愚蠢的height高度—highfreedom自由—free空的，免费的illness疾病---illlove—loving慈爱的death---deadpleasure---pleasant/pleasedscientist----scientific科学的popularity流行性—popularpride---proud4.形容词-名词①以–ent或–ant结尾的形容词可以转换成以–ence(ency)或-ance(ancy)结尾的名词。“…性”或“…状态”patient-patiencesilent-silence②后缀–ity或–ty可以跟在形容词后面构成名词。“…性”或“…状态”safe-safetycertain-certainty③后缀–ness可以跟在形容词后面构成名词。“…性”或“…状态”ill-illnesscareless-carelessness5.动词-形容词①动词变成分词-ed,表示动作是被动的和完成的；“感到…”-ing,表示动作是主动的和正在进行；“令人…”aboringmeeting会议让人感到无聊aboredaudience感到无聊的观众②后缀–iveimpress-impressivecreate-creative6.形容词-动词①前缀en-(em-在以字母b,p开头的单词前)“使…”，“变得…”able-enable(使能够)body-embody(使具体化)②后缀–enwide-widenshort-shorten1.Hedrivesso________________thatI'msurehe'llhaveanaccident.(care)2.I'msorryto________________butIthinkyou'rewrong.(agree)3.Ifyouwanttogetthejobyou'llhavetosendthe________________formsoon.(apply)4.My________________istoleavethegroupassoonaspossible.(intend)5.He'savery________________child.He'sfullofenergy.(live)6.We________________ricebutimportwheat.(port)8.Ihadn't________________theywerebrotherandsisteruntilIsawthemtogether.(real)9.I'veno________________tostudentsusingadictionaryinclass.(object)10.Fewpeoplebelieve________________whentheymakepromises.(political)11.StephenHawkinsisoneofthebest________________intheworld.(science)12.I'mreally________________withcomputers.Ialwaysdosomethingwrong.(hope)13.I'mtryingtobe________________butheisn'tmakingthingseasyforus.(reason)14.Youalwayshavetofastenyour________________beltwhenyoutravelbyplane.(safe)15.I'mafraidtherateof________________hasincreasedinthelasttwomoths.(employ)carelessly