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◎Massive块状◎Botryoidal葡萄状◎Reniform肾状◎Oolitic鲕状◎Pisolitic豆状◎Stalactitic钟乳状◎Crusty皮壳状◎Nodular结核状◎Dendritic树枝状◎Banded条带状☆IsometricSystem等轴晶系(=CubicSystem)☆TrigonalSystem三方晶系☆TetragonalSystem四方晶系☆HexagonalSystem六方晶系☆OrthorhombicSystem斜方晶系(正交晶系)☆MonoclinicSystem单斜晶系☆TriclinicSystem三斜晶系1.Feldspar（长石）comprisesthebulk(approximately65%byweight)oftheEarth’scrust.Feldsparhastwodirectionsofimperfectcleavageatornearlyat90°andahardnessofabout6.2.Quartz（石英）isanothermostcommonrock-formingmineral,accountingforca.15%oftheEarth’scontinentalcrustbyweight.Quartzhasnocleavagebutaconchoidalfracture.3.Mica（云母）(primarilythemineralsmuscoviteandbiotite)istranslucenttoblack(felsictomafic),withonedirectionofperfectcleavage,makingupabout8%ofthecrustbyweight.4.Pyroxene（辉石）isgreentoblack,nearlyopaque,withcleavagesatapproximately90°andahardnessof5~6.About11%ofthevolumeofthecrustiscontributedbypyroxene.5.Amphibole（角闪石）mostlyoccursasdarkgreen,long,slendercrystalswith2directionsofcleavageat56°and124°.Themostcommonmemberoftheamphibolefamilyishornblende.6.Olivine（橄榄石）isanotherferromagnesiansilicatehavingaveryhighcrystallizationtemperature.Olivinehasnocleavageplanesandisolivegreentoblackincolor.Gold[^Euld]自然金Silver[5silvEr]自然银Copper[5kCpEr]自然铜Platinum[5plAtinEm]自然铂Osmium[5CzmiEm]自然锇Bismuth[5bizmEW]自然铋Sulfur[5sQlfEr]自然硫Diamond[5daiEmEnd]金刚石Graphite[5^rAfait]石墨Chalcocite[5kAlkEsait]辉铜矿Argentite[5B:dVEntait]辉银矿Sphalerite[5sfAlErait]闪锌矿Galena[^E5li:nE]方铅矿Cinnabar[5sinEbB:r]辰砂Chalcopyrite[7kAlkE5paiErait]黄铜矿Stannite[5stAnait]黝锡矿Bornite[5bC:nait]斑铜矿Niccolite[5nikElait]红砷镍矿Pyrrhotite[5piErEutait]磁黄铁矿Stibnite[5stibnait]辉锑矿Bismuthinite[7bizmE5Wainait]辉铋矿Molybdenite[mE5libdEnait]辉钼矿Orpiment[5C:pimEnt]雌黄Realgar[ri5Al^Er]雄黄Tetrahedrite[7tetrE5hi:drait]黝铜矿Pyrite[5paIEraIt]黄铁矿Marcasite[5mB:kEsait]白铁矿Cobaltite[5kEJbR:ltait]辉砷钴矿Arsenopyrite[7B:sinEu5pairait]毒砂Covellite[kEJ5velait]铜蓝Proustite[5pru:stait]淡红(硫砷)银矿Pyrargyrite[pai5rB:dVirait]深红(硫锑)银矿Cuprite[5kju:prait]赤铜矿Corundum[kE5rQndEm]刚玉Hematite[5hemEtait]赤铁矿Ilmenite[5ilminait]钛铁矿Bismite[5bizmait]铋华Arsenolite[B:5senEulait]砷华Valentinite[5vAlEntinait]锑华Rutile[5rU:tail]金红石Cassiterite[kE5sitErait]锡石Pyrolusite[7paiErEu5lu:sait]软锰矿α-Quartz[5Alfa-kwC:ts]低温石英β-Quartz[5beita--kwC:ts]高温石英Tridymite[5traidEmait]鳞石英Coesite[5kEusait]柯石英Stishovite[5stiFE7vait]斯石英/超石英Cristobalite[kris5tEubElait]方英石Uraninite[juE5rAninait]沥青(晶质)铀矿Opal[5EupEl]蛋白石/欧泊Perovskite[pE5rCvz7kait]钙钛矿Spinel[spi5nel;5spinEl]尖晶石Chromite[5krEumait]铬铁矿Magnetite[5mA^nitait]磁铁矿Wolframite[5wulfrEmait]黑钨矿Tantalite[5tAntElait]钽铁矿Columbite[kE5lQmbait]铌铁矿Fergusonite[5fE:^EsEnait]褐钇铌矿Formanite[5fC:mAnait]黄钇钽矿Brucite[5bru:sait]水镁石Diaspore[5daiE5spC:]硬水铝石Goethite[5^EuWait]针铁矿Lepidocrocite[7lepidEu5krEusait]纤铁矿Limonite[5laimE7nait]褐铁矿Manganite[5mAN^Enait]水锰矿Psilomelane[sai5lCmilein]硬锰矿Zircon[5zE:rkCn]锆石Olivine[5Clivi:n]橄榄石Garnet[5^B:rnit]石榴子石Almandine[5AlmEndi:n]铁铝榴石Pyrope[5pairEup]镁铝榴石Grossular[5^rCsju:lEr]钙铝榴石Staurolite[5stC:rElait]十字石Andalusite[7AndE5lu:sait]红柱石Kyanite[5kaiE7nait]蓝晶石Topaz[5tEupAz]黄玉Sphene[sfi:n]/Titanite[5taitE7nait]榍石Hemimorphite[7hemi5mC:fait]异极矿Vesuvianite[vi5su:vjEnait]符山石Beryl[5beril]绿柱石Epidote[5epidEut]绿帘石Cordierite[5kC:diErait]堇青石Tourmaline[5tuEmEli:n]电气石Pyroxene[pai5rCksi:n]辉石Enstatite[5enstEtait]顽火辉石Bronzite[5brCnzait]古铜辉石Hypersthene[5haipE:sWi:n]紫苏辉石Ferrohypersthene[7ferE5haipE:sWi:n]铁紫苏辉石Orthoferrosilite[5C:WE7ferEusilait]斜方铁辉石Eulite[5ju:lait]易熔辉石Diopside[dai5Cpsaid]透辉石Augite[5C:dVait]普通辉石Spodumene[5spCdju7mi:n]锂辉石Rhodonite[5rEudEnait]蔷薇辉石Jadeite[5dVeidait]硬玉Aegirine[5i:dVEri:n]霓石Wollastonite[5wulEstEnait]硅灰石Amphibole[5AmfibEul]角闪石Tremolite[5tremElait]透闪石Actinolite[Ak5tinEu7lait]阳起石Nephrite[5nefrait]软玉Hornblende[5hC:nblend]普通角闪石Glaucophane[5^lC:kE7fein]蓝闪石Sillimanite[5silimEnait]矽(硅)线石Talc[tAlk]滑石Pyrophyllite[7pairEu5filait]叶蜡石Mica[5maIkE]云母Muscovite[5mQskEvait]白云母Biotite[5baiEtait]黑云母Phlogopite[5flC^Epait]金云母Lepidolite[5lepidE7lait]锂云母Illite[5ilait]伊利石Vermiculite[vE:5mikjulait]蛭石Glauconite[5^lC:kEnait]海绿石Chlorite[5klC:rait]绿泥石Kaolinite[5keiElinait]高岭石Serpentine[5sE:pEntain]蛇纹石Asbestos[Az5bestRs]石棉Montmorillonite[7mCntmE5rilE7nait]蒙托石Prehnite[5preinait]葡萄石Feldspar[5feldspB:]长石Potassiumfeldspar[pE5tAsiEm~]钾长石Sanidine[5sAni7di:n]透长石Orthoclase[5C:WEukleis]正长石Microcline[5maikrEJklain]微斜长石Plagioclase[5pleidViEukleis]斜长石Albite[5Albait]钠长石Anorthite[E5nC:Wait]钙长石Nepheline[5nefIlIn]霞石Leucite[5lu:sait]白榴石Hsianghualite香花石Scapolite[5skApElait]方柱石Zeolite[5zi:Elait]沸石Calcite[5kAlsait]方解石Dolomite[5dClEmait]白云石Aragonite[E5rA^Enait]文石Magnesite[5mA^nEsait]菱镁矿Siderite[5sidE7rait]菱铁矿Rhodochrosite[7rEudE5krEusait]菱锰矿Smithsonite[5smiWsE7nait]菱锌矿Strontianite[5strCnFiEnaIt]菱锶矿Cerussite[sE5rusait]白铅矿Azurite[5AVErait]蓝铜矿Malachite[5mAlEkait]孔雀石Barite[5bZErait]重晶石Celestite[5selistait]天青石Anglesite[5AN^lsaIt]硫酸铅矿/铅矾Gypsum[5dVipsEm]石膏Anhydrite[An5haidrait]硬石膏Mirabilite[mi5rAbilait]芒硝Alunite[5Aljunait]明矾石Jarosite[5dVArE7sait]黄钾铁矾Chalcanthite[kAl5kAnWait]胆矾Nitratine[5naitrEtain]钠硝石Borax[5bC:rAks]硼砂Boracite[5bC:rE7sait]方硼石Ascharite[5AskErait]硼镁石Monazite[5mCnEzait]独居石Apatite