专八历年翻译答案

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专八翻译第一部分汉译英1.2000年试题中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比,它先天有些不足,后天也常缺乏营养,但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用,但是,它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察。这样,他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术,去探索科学技术的奥妙。中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆。它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处,设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品,展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。Thefirstgenerationmuseumsofsciencesarethosedevotedtonaturalhistory,whichshowthroughfossilsandspecimenstheevolutionarychangesoftheearthandorganisms.Thoseofthesecondgenerationaremuseumsofindustrialtechnologyexhibitingachievementsmadeinvariousperiodsoftheindustrialage.Thesetwotypesofmuseums,whilefunctioningasdisseminatorsofscientificknowledge,treattheirvisitorsasmereviewers.Sciencemuseumsofthethirdgenerationareentirelydifferentfromtheirpredecessors.Theystressvisitorparticipation,encouragingthoseinterestedtomakedetailedstudyoftheexhibitsontheirownbytryingtheirhandsonthem.Theexperiencesogainedwillenablethemtounderstandadvancedtechnologiesbetterandhelpthemintheirquestforwhatisstillunknowninscience(陶文好李孚声,《2000年英语专业八级汉译英词汇误译心理认知分析》,《上海科技翻译》,2001年第1期第36-41页)2.2001年试题乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知,那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓,他说:“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园,而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。乔羽说:“钓鱼可分三个阶段:第一阶段是吃鱼;第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之;第三阶段主要是钓趣,面对一池碧水,将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边,使自己的身心得到充分休息。”译文1Inhislateryears(Lateinhislife),QiaoYuhasbecomeenamoredoffishing(developedapenchant/specialfondnessforfishing).Heasserts:“Mostlyspeaking,aplacewithwaterandfishmustnecessarilybeblessedwithanicesetting,whichinreturnkeepspeopleingoodmood.Ibelievethattheoptimumfishingplacesarenotthosecommercialfishingcenterswhichprovidethefishermenwithalltheconveniencesandwherefisharekepthungryforreadycapture,butthosenaturally-formedplacesinthewildernesswhichexertaspecialappeal.”Accordingtohim,fishingcanconstituteanactivityconducivetothecultivationofone’stemperamentandtoone’shealth,atoncephysicalandpsychological.QiaoYuclaims:“Fishingcanbedividedintothreestages.Thefirststageconsistsofmerefish-eating;thesecondacombinationoffish-eatingandthepleasure(enjoyment)offishing;thethirdprimarilythepleasureoffishingwhen,confrontedwithapondofclearwater,oneputsasideallhistroublingvexationsandannoyancesandenjoysthetotalrelaxationbothmentallyandphysically.”译文2InhisdecliningyearsQiaoYuwasfondofangling.Heoncesaid,“Theplaceswherehavebothwaterandfishesaregenerallyinniceenvironmentthatcanputpeopleingoodmood.Thebestanglingplace,Ithink,isnotthecomfortableanglingparkwherehungryfishesareprepared,buttheappealingnaturalone.”Anglingisanexercisethatcanmouldone’stemperamentandmakehimsoundinbodyandmind,asQiaoYusaid,“Fishingcanbedividedintothreephases:thefirstisforangling,thesecondisforanglingandinterestaswell,andthethirdismainlyforanglinginterest.Whenfacingapoolofopengreenwater,onecanforgettheworriesandnuisancescompletelyandrelaxhimselffully.”3.2002年试题大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。所以人们对于大自然,全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间,上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄,酿酒和饮酒,喂牛和挤奶,锄草和栽花;周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜,在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样,每个地方都有自己的传说,风俗也就衍传了下来。译文1Allpeopleareblessedbynature,richandpooralike.Thataccountsfortheirdeep-rootedattachmenttoher,especiallyinthecountrywheretheirwaysoflifehavebeenkeptintactfirthousandsofyears.Theygrowcropsandgrapes,brewthewinethattheydrink,raisecowsformilk,andweedtheirgardensforthecultivationofflowers.Onweekendstheygotochurch,andonholidaystheyenjoyplayingmusicwhilesinginganddancinginopensquares.Thustheiroldenhomelandsremainassweetasever,eachwithauniquefolklorefromwhichitscustomshavederived.(张春柏,《2002年全国英语专业八级考试汉译英试卷评析》,《国外外语教学》,2002年第4期第43-48页)译文2ThebountyofNatureisequaltoeveryone,richorpoor,andthereforeallmenarestronglyattachedtoher.Thisisparticularlytrueintheruralareas,wherepeoplehavekeptthesamelifestyleforamillenniumorso.Theyplantcropsandgrapevines,brewwinetodrink,feedcowstomilk,andweedthegardenstogrowflowers.Theygotochurchatweekends,andtheymeetinthesquareonholidays,playingtheviolin,singinganddancing.Theage-oldlandremainsthesameastheirfamilyhearth.Eachplaceboastsitsfolkloreandtherebysocialcustomsgodown.(邵志洪,《汉英对比与翻译——TEM8(2002)汉译英试卷评析》,《中国翻译》,2003年1月第24卷第1期第76-78页)4.2003年试题得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,我顿觉打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时宾客云集,笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片繁华,自己的哥姐,堂表弟兄,也穿插其间,个个喜气洋洋。一霎时,一阵被人摈弃,为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头,禁不住痛哭起来。BeforeIwastakenill,Ihadbeenaspoiledchildofmyparents,gettingthingsmywayinthefamily.Onceisolatedandcon-finedtoasmallhouseontheslopeofthegarden,Isuddenlyfoundmyselfindisfavourandmywingsclipped.Onespringevening,withmyriadsofflowersinfullbloominthegarden,myparentsheldagardenpartyinhonourofmanyguests,whosearrivalatoncefilledtheplacewithlaughingchats.Inthesmallhouseontheslope,Iquietlyliftedthecurtain,onlytobemetbyagreatandprosperousworldwithmyelderbrothersandsis-tersandmycousinsamongtheguests,allinjubilation.Allatonce,seizedbyafitofforlornrage,Icouldnothelpburstingintotears.(邵志洪孙静李静,《2003年TEM8汉译英试卷分析——英汉语义、语用、语篇结构对比分析》,《中国翻译》,2004年1月第25卷第1期第70-74页)5.2004年试题在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的,往往在接触一个人时首先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