专四词汇语法.

专四词汇语法题型特点：*总共30题，分值15分，时间15分钟*语法题15道，词汇题15道*语法居前，词汇居后小练：62.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably_____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.(2007专四）A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmoreHeisnomorediligentthanhisbrother.(都不）Heisnotmorediligentthanhisbrother.(不比..更..)Heisnolessdiligentthanhisbrother.(都一样..)专四冲刺紧记：Thehistoryhasrepeateditselffromtimetotime,hencethepracticeoftheprevioustests.45.Intellectistothemind___sightistothebody.（2001）A.whatB.asC.thatD.like53.Nineistothree_____threeistoone.（2008）A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what专四特殊句型：AistoBwhatCistoDWateristofishwhatairistoman.专四冲刺语法总结：虚拟语气时态与语态主谓一致非谓语动词情态动词定语从句（+状语从句+名词性从句）反义疑问句专四特色短语+句型虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去haddonewould/might/could/should+havedone现在did/werewould/might/could/should+do将来shoulddoweretododid/werewould/might/could/should+do例句：AboutmarriageIfyouhadmarriedmebefore,youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.(过去）IfIwereyou,Iwouldmarrytheguyinfrontofyou.（现在）IfIwereamanintheafterworld,Iwouldmarryagirlexactlylikemyself.（将来）Ifthesunwereto/shouldriseinthewesttomorrow,Iwouldthinkaboutmarryingyou.（将来）错综条件句：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：Iftheyhadworkedhard,theywouldbeverytirednow.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)Ifyouhadmarriedmebefore，youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.Ifyouhadmarriedmebefore，youwouldbeveryhappynow.虚拟句通常可省略if，变换形式，即“were/had/should+主语”。例句：Ifyouhadmarriedmebefore,youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeit.IfIhadtimerightnow,Iwouldgowithyou.Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.Hadyoumarriedmebefore,youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.WereIyou,Iwouldtakeit.HadItimerightnow,Iwouldgowithyou.Shoulditraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.宾语从句中：insist,suggest,require,request,demand,propose,maintain,recommend,等动词表建议、愿望时，其后宾语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气---Should+V主语从句中：Itis+adj.that句型中出现形容词如necessary,vital,imperative,critical,crucial,urgent,strange,disappointing,或过去分词充当的形容词如suggested,proposed,advised,demanded,requested,required等时，that句中用should+V表示虚拟。定语从句中。常用句型“Itis(high)time(that)…”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)It’stimethatIpickedupmydaughter.It’shightimewewenttobed.让步状语从句中be…or…Beitfineorrainy,wewouldhavethesportsmeeting.=Whetherit(may)befineorrainy,wewouldhavethesportsmeeting.Ourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledge—beitscientificorartistic.42.____,Iwouldmarryhimallthesame.(2004)A.WasherichorpoorB.WhethererichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor在ifonly引导的感叹句中。IfonlyIwereabird.（现在）IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.(过去）What’smore?was(were)+tohavedone（不定式完成式）表示“原来想做而未做”后面通常but…（陈述语气）。Eg.Iwastohavearrivedhomeontime,butmycarwasheldupbyabadtrafficjam.55.Lindawas____theexperimentamonthagobutshechangedhermindatthelastminute.（2007）A.tostartB.tohavestartedC.tobestartingD.tohavebeenstarting回想总结三时间一交叉一省略五句子一特殊时态基本时态：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行、过去进行、将来进行、现在完成、过去完成、将来完成、现在完成进行、过去完成进行时、过去将来、基本时态：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行、过去进行、将来进行、现在完成、过去完成、将来完成、现在完成进行、过去完成进行时、过去将来、Iwasdoingtheshoppingthismomentyesterday.IwillbeflyingovertheAtlanticthismomenttomorrow.ThetrainhadgonebeforeIarrived.Theconstructionofbridgehadbeencompletedbytheyear2007.Theconstructionofbridgewillhavebeencompletedbytheyear2010.IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor10years.附加习题1.SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn'tstoppedringing.People_____toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.A.phoneB.willphoneC.werephoningD.arephoning2.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange说明：选择移动电话难的原因是由于科技正在飞速发展，所以要用现在进行时；况且进行时态常给人一种情感上的描述，表示说话者的一种“感慨、赞赏、愤怒、斥责”等。3.---Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.---Iamtired.I_____thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted4.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy______goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsideringCconsideredDisgoingtoconsider说明：这句话的意思是“我一整天都在刷起居室”，现在完成进行时表示从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。强调的是“一直在做”。说明：她“一直在考虑返校”是现在完成进行时，“还没作决定”是现在的结果。5.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lostB.cried,hadlostC.hascried,haslostD.cries,haslost6.—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.A．wentB．aregoingC．havegoneD．hadgone说明：哭得伤心发生在过去，而丢玩具熊发生在哭之前。两个发生在过去的动作，之前发生的用过去完成时，之后发生的用一般过去时。说明：“他没叫我就走了”这个动作明显发生在“我认为”之前。所以必须用过去完成时。9.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_____tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling10.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho______forthespoiledchild.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblame说明：不要被前面使用的现在时所蒙蔽，在地震中抢救小孩并献身的动作只能在过去。说明：betoblame是固定结构，不能用被动语态。该句是一个强调句型。主谓一致大总结：agreatmany+可数名词复数谓语用复数manya+可数名词单数谓语用单数anumberof+可数名词复数谓语用复数thenumberof+可数名词复数谓语用单数themajorityof+可数名词复数谓语用复数each/every+可数名词单数谓语用单数neither/eitherof+可数名词复数谓语用单数morethanone+可数名词单数谓语用单数oneandahalf+可数名词复数谓语用单数临近原则Either…or…Neither...Nor…Notonly…butalso…Not…but…Therebe…非临近原则…aswellas……