专题29阅读之新闻报道类

2014全国高考汇编阅读之新闻报告类类一（2014大纲卷）BSincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot“greener”towardtheenvironment（环境）.“Wedidn’tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.“Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes,”saysGaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin,whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions（排放）fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5tons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof“Greenthinking”hasbecomepartofpractices.Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recycling（回收利用）programs;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.Twenty–fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it’shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.”Untilwedothat,nothingelsewillchange!”sayBruceAnderson.60.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout___A.thesocialmovementB.recyclingtechniquesC.environmentalproblemsD.theimportanceofEarthDay61.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?A.Thegrass–rootslevelB.ThebusinesscircleC.GovernmentofficialsD.Universityprofessors62..WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?A.TheyhavecutcaremissionstothelowestB.TheyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblemsC.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.63.Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.EducationB.PlanningC.GreenlivingD.COreduction【考点】考察新闻报道类阅读【文章大意】作者在本文中把现在的美国环境问题和以前的环境问题进行了比较，尤其是几项数据的对比。说明人们现在的环境保护意识有了很大的提高。其中很重要的一项就是环境教育所起的作用。1.【答案】C【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段第2句“Wedidn’tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.可知在1970年世界地球日开始的时候，人们甚至都不知道有“环境这个词”，更不要说知道存在着环境问题了。故C正确。2.【答案】A【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第二段2,3行Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.中的especiallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericans尤其是千百万的一般民众。可知环境保护的主要支持来自普通民众。故A正确。3.【答案】D【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段4,5行AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions(排放)fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5tons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.可知通过人们的共同努力，现在的污染排放的数字已经大大地减少了。故D正确。A项中的tothelowest是错误的。B项说已经解决了污染问题，这一说法是错误的。文章中只是说ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.CO排放超标的城市从40降低到9.而不是C项含义。4.【答案】A【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段1,2行Twenty–fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it’shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.可知现在几乎每个学校都有环境保护方面的教育的内容。说明教育在环境保护方面有很重要的作用。故A正确。【长难句解析】1.“Wedidn’tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”【翻译】在那时人们甚至都不知道有“环境这个词”，更不要说知道存在着环境问题了。【分析】本句中的动词know后面的thereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”是宾语从句，其中的letalone更不必说…；2.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCO2beyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.【翻译】产生超过CO2排放标准的城市的数量从40减少到了9个。【分析】本句中的现在分词短语producingCO2beyondthestandard在句中做定语修饰名词cities。因为两者之间存在主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语，相当于whichproduce….；另外本句中的thenumberof“…的数量”，在句中做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。二（2014福建卷）EAshasbeenalltooapparentinrecentdaysatBalcombe,fewissuescausegreaterconcernthanenergypolicy.Manyvillagecommunitiesfeeltheircountrysideisbeingruinedbythepower-producingmachinesofwindfarms;yettheynevertakedirectaction,eventhoughtheplanninglawsputthemataseveredisadvantage.Andthegeneroussubsidies(财政补贴),whichencouragetheexpansionofwindpower,arenotfavorabletothevillagecommunitiesandsetlandownersinconflictwithotherresidents(居民).Thosewhodisagreewiththerapidexpansionofwindfarmsstatethatthedamagetheycauseisoutofproportion(比例)tothebenefitstheybring,becausetheirenergyoutputcannotmatchthatofthecarbon-basedpowerstationstheyaresupposedtoreplace.Supportersinsistthatwindmustbepartofamixofrenewables,nuclearandcarbon,andthatthecountryiscommittedtomeetingEU(EuropeanUnion)targetsfornon-carbonenergygeneration.Againstthisbackground,thefactthatthereisanargumentwithintheGovernmentoverwhethertopublishanofficialreportonwindfarms'impactonthecountrysidebecomesevenmoreextraordinary.Thetwopartiesinthecoalition(联合)governmentareindisagreementoverwhatitshouldsay.Wehavesomeadviceforthetwoparties:publishthereport,andletthecountrybethejudge.Evenifitcontainsevidencethatwindfarmsareharmful,itwillhardlybeapleasantsurprisetopeoplewhodonotlikethem.Equally,supportersmustarguetheircasebyacknowledgingtheconcernsandexplainingwhytheyareeithermisplacedorworthyofmuchattention.Thesuggestionthatfurthernegotiationsaretotakeplacetopro