搜索
第1页共15页定语从句[来源:中教网]一、that与which,who,whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句只用that的情况①先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时②先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时④先行词既指人又指物时⑤先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时①Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.②Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.③ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.④Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.⑤HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.⑥Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?[来源:中,国教,育出,版网]只用which,who,whom的情况①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those,one,he时多用who。①Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.②Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.③Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.只用that，inwhich或不用关系词的情况theway做先行词时①Mary,thereisonewaythatyoucouldstopotherstalkingaboutyouandcriticizingyou.②Iwasstruckbythebeautyofthewayinwhichshestood.第2页共15页③Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_______hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich二、as与which,that的用法区别[来源:中国教育出版网zzstep.com]从句区别例句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.thesame...as和thesame...thatthesame...as指同类事物[来源:中*国教*育出*版网]thesame...that指原物That’sthesametoolasIusedlastweek.（同类工具，不是同一把）That’sthesametoolthatIusedlastweek.那就是我上周用过的工具。（同一把工具）三、where、when与why引导的定语从句关系副词用法例句第3页共15页where关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示(具体或抽象的)地点的名词。We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint___bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.whichwhen关系副词when引导定语从句时,只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。Therewas________time________Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a;thatB.a;whenC.the;thatD.the;whenwhy关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewasputintoprison?你知道她坐牢的原因吗？四、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句基本形式●介词+which/whom●介词短语+which。常见介词短语：asaresultof,bymeansof,infrontof,incaseof,onaccountof等。Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,_________hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis【解析】答案为C。“他”是上完了一个localgrammarschool之后，又上的Cambridge，故选afterwhich，引导一个非限制性定语从句，起补充说明作用。扩展形不定代词＋介词＋关系代词Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,______wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom【解析】答案为D。根据题意，两者都不想买。定语从句部分还原：neitherofthemwantedtobuyit.第4页共15页式the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,weremadeofsmalldiamonds.C.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich【解析】答案为D。“watch”是物，故定语从句的引导词不可用“whom”，可排除A、B两项。由句意可知，空格处可填入“whosehands”或“thehandsofwhich”表示所属关系。数词＋介词＋关系代词③Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat【解析】答案为A。“80%ofwhich”指代的是“80%oftheshoes”。the＋形容词比较级（最高级）＋介词＋关系代词④Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich【解析】答案为D。thelargerofwhich指代thelargerofthetwobuildings；B选项缺少一个连词。介词＋whose＋名词Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from________effectspeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what【解析】答案为B。fromwhoseeffectspeople…=andpeoplearestillsufferingfromtheireffects。介词＋which＋名词⑥Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,________hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.A.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime【解析】答案为A。先行词为一段时间，所以用“duringwhichtime”引导定语从句，表示“在此期间”。判断介方法一根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas，shehadrunbackinthedirection__________shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich第5页共15页五、定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象词的方法内容而定【解析】答案为D。此题考查由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，根据句意用fromwhich表示“所来的那个方向”，fromthedirection。方法二根据先行词而定Therearetwobuildings,_______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich【解析】答案为D。thelargerofwhich指代thelargerofthetwobuildings，which在定语从句中指代building，作介词of的宾语。方法三根据所要表达的意思来确定所要用的介词Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,__________hestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanoftheStudents’Union.A.duringwhichtimeB.C.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime【解析】答案为A。由题意和所缺词前面的逗号可判定题干是含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词是表示一个时间段的短语from1999to2003；句意：从1999年到2003年马克是这所大学的学生，在这（4年）期间他学习很用功并被选为学生会主席，所缺词的意思为“在这期间”，故选A项。现象例句在定语从句中加入插入语，常见的有：Ithink,Isuppose,Iguess,Iimagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。①—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what【解析】答案为C。work是不及物动词，先行词one在定语从句中只能作地点状语，youknow在句中作插入语。②Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,______ofimportancetoscience.第6页共15页定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。解题时要遵循下列原则：1.判别是不是定语从句；2.如果从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语，就要用关系代词来引导从句；3.如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来引导从句；A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis【解析】答案为A。这里Ithink是插入语，which引导非限制性定语从句。在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语Therearemanythousandsofstarsintheskythatarelikethesun.在太空中有成千上万的象太阳般的星星。【解析】乍一看，that引导的定语从句在名词sky的后面，似