第4讲动词和动词短语1.(2013·浙江高考)Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto______itwithimportantpoints.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:当小组讨论接近尾声时,一定要以重点而结束。conclude结束;lead指导,指引;avoid避免;hold抓住,握住。故选A。2.(2013·江苏高考)—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell______.A.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:——这个城镇真美!我很喜欢。——我也一样。这个城镇的特色保持得很好。qualify有资格,合格;preserve保护,保持,腌制;decorate装饰;simplify使简化。3.(2013·天津高考)Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingto______ahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:如果你有困难,迈克总是愿意伸出援手。lend借;shake摇动;wave挥手;want想。lendahand帮忙。4.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Trynottocoughmorethanyoucan______sinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A.checkB.allowC.stopD.help【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:尽量能控制咳嗽就别咳嗽,因为会伤到肺。check检查;allow允许;stop停止;help帮助。canhelp(doing)sth.表示“阻止或避免(做)某事”。5.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Thewatchwasverygood,andhe______20percentdownforit.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:这块表很好,他八折买的。pay+money+forsth.为某物付多少钱;cost表示“花费”时,主语是物不是人;buysb.sth./buysth.forsb.为某人买某物;spend+money+onsth./indoingsth.在某物/做某事上花多少钱。故选A。6.(2013·江西高考)She______thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.A.connectedB.fittedC.equippedD.matched【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:在颜色上,她把地毯和好看的窗帘搭配起来。connect联系,连接;fit安装;equip装备;match相称,搭配。根据句意,选D。7.(2013·福建高考)Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich______spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.A.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.suggests【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:米歇尔找到了一份当高中老师的工作,这份工作涉及和学生一起度过许多时间。involve包含,涉及;enjoy享受,喜欢;practice练习;suggest建议,暗示。8.(2013·湖北高考)Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:智者经常能够简化复杂的问题,而愚人更可能把简单的事情复杂化。sacrifice牺牲;substitute替代,顶替;simplify简化;survive幸存下来。根据句意可知选C项。9.(2013·湖北高考)Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.register【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:依据法律,所有的外国人在到达后的两周内必须到当地的警察局注册登记。associate联系,结交;dispute争论;negotiate谈判;register登记,注册。根据句意可知选D项。10.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Wouldyouliketo______withustothefilmtonight?A.comealongB.comeoffC.comeacrossD.comethrough【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗?comealong一起来,出现,进展,赶快;comeoff实现,举行;comeacross被理解,偶然碰到;comethrough传出,恢复。11.(2013·浙江高考)Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packupB.buildupC.bringupD.takeup【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:熊在整个夏天和秋天积蓄脂肪以便有足够的精力度过冬眠期。packup停止,收工;buildup逐渐增加;bringup抚养,使……长大;takeup开始从事,占据(时间、空间等)。故选B。12.(2013·天津高考)Ihadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyear,butIwasn’tableto______.A.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我原本希望今年去度假的,但是我没能休假。getaway离开,逃脱,休假;dropin(顺便)拜访;checkout检查,结账离开;holdon坚持,别挂断。根据句意选A。13.(2013·陕西高考)Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas______.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我叔叔一直没能把烟戒掉,但是至少他抽烟少了。cutout停止运转,删去;cutdown砍倒,缩减;cutup切碎;cutoff切断,切除。根据句意,应选B。14.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Atthelastmoment,Tomdecidedto______anewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A.putupB.putinC.putonD.putoff【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:在最后一刻,汤姆决定添加一个新的角色以使故事感觉更真实。putup举起,建立;putin加入,放入;puton穿上,上演;putoff推迟。15.(2013·安徽高考)Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey______ontheirlifejourney.A.giveupB.settledownC.getthroughD.setoff【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:传统上认为,大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始生活之旅之前为自己加油助威。setoff动身,出发;giveup放弃;settledown定居,平静下来,专心于;getthrough完成,接通(电话等)。16.(2013·辽宁高考)Briggswill______asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getawayB.takeoverC.setoffD.runout【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:Mitchell退休后Briggs将接替她任总经理。getaway离开,脱身,逃掉;takeover接替,接管;setoff动身,出发;runout用光,用尽。17.(2013·江苏高考)Teamleadersmustensurethatallmembers_______theirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getoverB.lookoverC.takeoverD.comeover【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:团队领导应该确保所有成员克服他们的想避免因犯错而产生尴尬的天性。getover克服,解决;lookover查看,检查;takeover接管,接任;comeover过来,顺便来访,改变立场。18.(2013·湖北高考)Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setasideB.setdownC.setoffD.setup【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:在动物世界里,夜晚是专门留出睡觉的时间——纯粹而简单。setaside(专门)留出,拨出;setdown写下,记下;setoff动身,出发,引起,引爆;setup建立。根据句意可知选A项。热点考向1动词词义辨析1.主要考点:考查常见动词词义辨析。强调语言的情境化,把动词放在鲜活的语境中进行考查。2.突破技巧:这类试题的四个选项往往结构相同,词形或意义相近。要做好这类试题,必须从各个动词的语意差别、用法特点等方面入手,然后结合题意选用合适的动词。【真题变式】根据提示完成句子。①(2012·天津高考)Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoreto__________________________(缩小他们之间的隔阂)sothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter.②(2011·江苏高考)—Areyoustillmadather?—Notreally,butI_________(不能否认)thatherremarkshurtme.narrowthegapbetweenthemcan’tdeny热点考向2高频动词短语意义辨析主要考点:对动词短语意义的考查主要集中于高频的动词短语,如break,bring,call,come,get,go,make,take,turn,put,pick,hold,keep,look,carry,set,cut,show,pull等构成的短语需要特别关注:1.breakbreakawayfrom放弃,打破;与……脱离关系breakdown发生故障;(计划、谈判)失败;(精神、身体)垮掉;分解breakin闯入,插嘴breakinto闯入breakout(战争、瘟疫等)爆发,突然发生breakup打碎,分手,分开,关系破裂2.bringbringabout导致,造成,引起bringdown使倒下,使降低bringin引进;带来;赚得;收获bringforward提出;提前bringout出版;生产;使显现bringup抚养,教育;提出;呕吐3.callcallfor要求;需要;去取或去接……callback回电话;回忆起callin召集;请;召来;顺便来访callup打电话给;召集;使想起calloff取消callon号召,拜访4.comecomeabout发生cometo苏醒;总计comeacross偶遇;无意中发现cometrue实现,成为现实