MBA电子商务Topic9

Topic9ElectronicPaymentSystems2LearningObjectives1.discusstheimportanceofelectronicpaymentsystemsinelectroniccommerce2.describethefivetypesofB2Celectronicpaymentsystemscurrentlyavailable3.describeB2belectronicpaymentsolutions4.Discusspayment-relatedissues3DeficienciesofCreditCardPaymentsandTheneedforAlternativeE-commercePaymentsTraditionalcreditcardsarestillthedominatingmethodofpaymentforonlinepurchasealthoughalternativemethodssuchasPaypalandmobilepaymentsManyofuserswillcomefromcountriesoutsidetheUnitedStates,wheretheuseofcreditcardsisnotasprevalentandManyusersarealsolikelytobeyoungerandhavelessaccesstocreditanddebitcardsThepotentialforfraudishighwhencreditcardsareusedonlineMerchantsareresponsibleforfraudulentchargesbecauseonlinecreditcardpurchasesaretreatedas“card-not-present”transactionsAlargeamountoffraudwithonlinecreditcardshoppingoccursthatresultsinchargebackstothemerchantsManypurchasestheymakewillbemicropayments($10)Theneedforpeer-to-peerpaymentmethodsandpayingviamobiledevices.4Onlinepaymentmethodsin2011intheU.S.(Laudon&Traver2012)Creditcard:44%Debitcard:28%Paypal:12.5%Prepaid(gift)card:7%Billmelater:2%Googlecheckout:1.5%Other:5%51.Customer/payer/buyer2.Merchant/payee/seller3.Issuerofe-paymentinstrument4.Regulator,i.e.,federalreservebankandothergovernmentagency5.AutomatedClearingHouse(ACH)(USfocus)ElectronicnetworkthatconnectsallU.S.financialinstitutionsforthepurposeofmakingfundstransfersAprivatelyoperatedfinancialintermediarythattracksandtransferbetweenfinancialinstitutionsFivepartiesinvolvedine-payments6IndependenceInteroperabilityandportabilitySecurityAnonymityDivisibilityEaseofuseTransactionfeesRegulationsCharacteristicsofsuccessfule-paymentmethods(Turbanetal.2008,pps.550-551)7B2C:ElectronicPaymentMethodsElectronicpaymentcards(credit,debit,charge)E-wallets(ore-purses)&DigitalIDsSmartcardsElectroniccash&othermicropaymentmethodsStored-valuecardpaymentsPerson-to-personpaymentmethodsE-Loyaltycards&Rewardprograms&giftcardsWireless/MobilePayments8HowanOnlineCreditTransactionWorks(Laudon&Traver2012)9DigitalWalletforstoringpersonalinformation:SeekstoemulatethefunctionalityoftraditionalwalletGoogleChechout-NowGoogleWallet10SmartCardsAnelectroniccardcontaininganembeddedmicrochipthatenablespredefinedoperationsortheaddition,deletion,ormanipulationofinformationonthecardCanhold100timesofmoredatathanmagneticstrips,i.e.,multiplecards&accounts,healthinsurance,personalidentification,transportation,loyaltyprogramsinformation.11Digitcash:secureandanonymouspurchaseoflow-priceditems(Laudon&Traver2003):MicropaymentSystems•BitpassisclosingdownonJan19,2007!•PeppercoinwasacquiredonApril16,2007?Whytheoreticallysoundconceptsofmicropaymentbusinessesdidn’ttakeoff?Isthebusinessmodelwrong(i.e.,chargetoomuch?)?WhatisthefutureofMicropaymentapplications?ItisreportedMicrosoftisworkingondevelopingasimilarsystem.Willitssystembesuccessful?13AnexampleofStoredValueCards:NABVisaGiftCard14P2PPayment:PayPal-TheLeadingOnlinePaymentSystem•IsPaypal’ssuccesslargelyrelatedtotheassociationwithE-bay?•Haveseensomanyonlinepaymentsystembusinesses(andmanyothernon-payment)failures,canweconcludethatonlysystemsbackedupbye-businessmajorplayers(i.e.,google,microsoft,e-bay,amazon)havethechanceofsuccess?15WillGoogleCheckout/Wallet,AmazonCheckoutandMicrosoftPointsbenextpopularonlinepaymentsystems?Evanreplacethecurrentfavour:Paypal??16OneoftheQuitePopularOnlinePaymentBusinesses:ClcikandBuy-Whatisitsfuture?BillMeLaterOnline1718AnexampleofE-loyaltyPrograms:www.mypoints.com19E-CheckingE-check:TheelectronicversionorrepresentationofapapercheckEliminatetheneedforexpensiveprocessreengineeringandtakingadvantageofthebankingindustryCanbeusedbyallbankcustomerswhohavecheckingaccountsUseofmobilehandsetsaspaymentdeviceswell-establishedinEurope,Japan,SouthKoreaJapanesemobilepaymentsystems:E-money(storedvalue);Mobiledebitcards,andMobilecreditcardsNotaswellestablishedyetinUnitedStatesInfrastructurestilldevelopingApple,Google,RIMdevelopingseparateNearFieldCommunication(NFC)systemsNokia6212ClassicwithaM-Wallet22ElectronicBillPresentmentandPaymentElectronicbillpresentmentandpayment(EBPP):Presentingandenablingpaymentofabillonline.UsuallyreferstoaB2CtransactionTypesofE-BillingOnlinebankingBillerdirectBillconsolidator23TwoExamplesofBillingServicesProviders:://www.ezreceivables.com24B2BPaymentSystemsB2BpaymentsaremuchlargerandsignificantlymorecomplexthanB2CpaymentsThevastmajorityofpaymentsarestillmadebycheck.CreditcardscannotbeusedforlargesumsofB2BtransactionsACHcreditsandwiretransferaremostwidelyusedelectronicpaymentsystems.25SomeCurrentB2BPaymentPracticesFinancialsupplychainsofmostcompaniesarecharacterizedbyinefficienciescreatedbyanumberoffactors,including:Thetimerequiredtocreate,transfer,andprocesspaperdocumentationThecostanderrorsassociatedwithmanualcreationandreconciliationofd