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1名词：一．可数名词。1.个体名词：表示个体的任何事物的词。1)一般在名词词尾加s，toy-toys2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es，bus-buses,watch-watches,box-boxes3)以O结尾的名词后面加s或es,photo-photos,zoo-zoos,piano-pianos,tomato-tomatoes4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i+es,activity-activities,city-cities,country-countries5)以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为ves,thief-thieves,leaf-leaves,life-livesself-selves,1）改变单数名词中的元音字母。man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth2）单复数形式相同。Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,fish-fish,sheep-sheep3）其他不规则形式。mouse-mice,child-children2.集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的词。复数形式就是本身，谓语动词用复数。family家人,police警察,class同学们,team,group,people3.复合名词：前面的名词是man，woman，变复数时，构成复合名词的两个名词全都要变成复数形式；如果是其他词，变复数时，只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。如：manteacher-menteachers,boystudent-boystudents,appletree-appletrees,womandriver-womendrivers4.还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks筷子，glasses，goods商品，ashes灰尘，scissors剪刀，compasses指南针。二．不可数名词的数。1.物质名词：表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词。(rice,glass玻璃,water,porridge稀饭,paper,air,wood木材,wheat小麦,tea,meat,news,bread,advice,food,fish,fruit,ice-cream…)但是这类不可数名词还是可以用数量表示，“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”。apieceofpaper,一张纸twocupsoftea,两杯茶apieceofnews一条消息，apairofglasses一副眼镜apairoftrousers一条裤子2.抽象名词：表示状态，品质，行为，感情等抽象概念的词。health,homework,life,knowledge,danger…三．有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。work(工作)---awork（著作）glass（玻璃）---aglass（玻璃杯）paper（纸）----apaper（报纸）room（空间）---aroom（房间）family（家庭）-family（家人,复数名词）四．名词所有格。1.在名词尾加’s。主要表示有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的所有格，如theworld’s，thesun’s，theearth’s，today’s，yesterday’s等。例theboy’sbag男孩的书包，men’sroom男厕所2.若名词已有复数词尾又是s，只加“’”。例theworkers’struggle工人的斗争3.凡不能加“’s”的名词，都可以用“名词+of+名词”的结构来表示所有关系。例thetitleofthesong歌的名字4.双重所有格。规则变化不规则变化2双重所有格即“of+名词’s所有格”或“of+名词性物主代词”构成，但此时of前面的名词一定要有一个a(an)，two，any，some，several，no，few，another或this，that，these，those之类的修饰语(这个修饰语一般不能是one和the)。如：Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一位朋友。(强调我的朋友不止一个)Heisafriendofmyfriend.他是我的朋友。（强调他对我的友好）IamaChinese.=IamChinese.=IamfromChina.=IamaChinesegirl/boy.=I’magirlofChina.初中英语分类练习——名词部分一.写出下列名词的复数形式：1.house_________2.village___________3.map__________4.orange_________5.bag___________6.exercise___________7.brush__________8.family___________9.bus___________10.city__________11.box___________12.baby__________13.class__________14.factory_________15.glass__________16.dictionary__________17.watch_________18.woman_________19.match__________20.man_________21.wish__________22.German__________23.tomato_________24.policeman___________25.kilo__________26.human_________27.potato___________28.Chinese__________29.shelf__________30.Japanese__________31.leaf___________32.American__________33.life___________34.tooth__________35.wife___________36.foot___________37.knife__________38.sheep_________39.half_________40.child__________二.将下列词组译成英语：1、一群孩子2、两箱子苹果3、三篮子蔬菜4、九块面包5、十杯牛奶6、五块肉7、多种植物8、一副眼镜countries:adj.people:language:cities:UK=EnglandEnglishEnglishmanEnglishmenEnglishLondonSingaporeSingaporeanSingaporeanSingaporeansEnglishandChineseSingaporeanCityRussiaRussianRussianRussiansRussianMoscowGermanGermanyGermanGermansGermanBerlinChinaChineseChineseChineseChineseBeijingcountries:adj.people:language:cities:AustraliaAustralianAustralianAustraliansEnglishSydneyCanadaCanadianCanadianCanadiansEnglish&FrenchTorontoAmericaAmericanAmericanAmericansEnglishNewYorkFranceFrenchFrenchmanFrenchmenFrenchParisItalyItalianItalianItaliansItalianRomaJapanJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseTokyo39、两块冰10、三张纸11、四瓶橘汁12、五杯茶13、六碗米饭14、七袋米15、八块木头16、九块金属三.写出下列各词的名词形式：1.work_________2.teach_________3.sing________4.ill___________5.fight___________6.invent________7.wait________8.woolen__________9.win____________10.thankful________11.foreign_________12.cloudy________13.run__________14.dirty________15.visit_________16.funny__________17.wooden_______18.medical________19.operate________20.hot__________21.invite__________22.worried________23.build__________24.please________25.help_________26.safe________27.die_________28.dangerous______29.draw________30.noisy________四.选择填空：1.Iwanttobuy________.A.twobottlesofinkB.twobottleofinkC.twobottleofinksD.twobottlesofinks2.Theydon’thavetodo_______today.A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomeworkD.muchhomeworks3.The______ofmachinemadeusfeelsick.A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.noises4.Theblouseismadeof________.A.awoolB.thesewoodC.woolsD.wool5.Therearethree______andseven______inthepicture.A.cows,sheepsB.cows,sheepC.cow,sheepD.cow,sheeps6.June1is_______.A.children’sdayB.children’sDayC.Children’sDayD.Children’sday7.______roomisnexttotheirparents’.A.Kate’sandJoan’sB.Kate’sandJoanC.KateandJoan’sD.KateandJoan8.MissGreenisafriendof_______.A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sD.mother’sofMary9.Tomis______.Hewillcometoseeme.A.myafriendB.afriendC.minefriendD.afriendofmine10.Sheep_______whiteandmilk_______alsowhite.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are11.I’dliketohaveaglassofmilkand_______.A.twobreadsB.twopiecesofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread12.It’salong______toParis.It’stwothousandkilometers.A.streetB.roadC.wayD.end13.Many______aresingingoverthere.A.womanB.womenC.girlD.child14.Hebought_______.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoeD.twopairofshoe15.Mr.Whitehasthree_______.4A.childB.childr